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test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro01a
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The concept of what is a journalist needs to be clarified to deal with the reality of new forms of mass communication. Assange gathers, collates and disseminates information, ergo, he is a journalist. Few industries have been changed more radically by the advent of the Internet than journalism. The traditional role of the journalist, disseminating information to which they had special or privileged access, has changed beyond recognition. Now readers and viewers have direct access to much of that information and can access it at their own convenience and through their own choice of media. Sales of newspapers are in freefall and the stranglehold of a handful of broadcasters on political access has been lost forever. There are still extraordinary journalists finding news and genuinely affecting the society around them. For the most part, however, journalists increasingly comment on the news rather than directly collecting it. In many ways, Assange has taken journalism back to basics – acquiring information to which most people do not have access and making it public. The very fact that the powerful and the privileged dislike what he is doing so much could even be taken to suggest that he has to be doing something right as one of the roles of the fourth estate is to act as a check on government. [1] At a time when much of the traditional media seems to have lost its sense of what its role is, Wikileaks is providing a timely reminder [2] . [1] Hume, Ellen, ‘Freedom of the Press’, Issues of Democracy, December 2005, [2] The Guardian. Julian Assange Wins Martha Gellhorn Journalism Prize. Jason Deans. 2 June 2011.
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beir-bm25top100
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test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro03a
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There is a difference between actual journalists and those who like having their names published in newspapers. Assange has far more claim to the description than many of them. One of the things that the Leveson Inquiry [1] has made all too apparent is that simply working for a newspaper or broadcaster is not a satisfactory definition of journalist. In terms of maintaining a professional ethic, the difference between those who hacked into phones – including that of murdered schoolgirl Millie Dowler – and the journalists who broke the story, Nick Davies and Amelia Hill [2] could not be starker. Equally many popular blogs that focus exclusively on opinion or areas of news far more specialist than has traditionally been considered the role of the daily media. A more useful definition, it would seem, relates more to the ethics and aims of the individual or organisation involved. This has the advantage of ruling out those organisations devoted to advertising (such as listings magazines or shopping channels) or those focused purely on entertainment. A Journalist should therefore have a commitment to revealing and disseminating information that is held by those with power to those over whom they wield that power. This means that the journalist gains access to information through various sources and then publicises that information as a story. Anonymous sources such as those used by Assange are a key part of journalism with many of the biggest stories such as Watergate only being published because of anonymity. [3] By such a definition, Assange would clearly qualify [4] . This was clearly felt to be the case by the New York Times, the Guardian, Le Monde and others who reprinted his original material and drew conclusions from it. It would come as something of a surprise to such publications to discover they were not staffed by journalists. [1] For a link to the inquiry’s website, click here [2] The Guardian. “Missing MIlly Dowler’s Voicemail was Hack by News of the World”. Nick Davies and Amelia Hill. 5 July 2011. [3] Myers, Steve, ‘Study: Use of anonymous sources peaked in 1970s, dropped by 2008’, Poynter.org, 9 August 2011, [4] The Spectator. “Yes, Julian Assange is a Journalist”. Alex Massie. 2 November 2010.
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beir-bm25top100
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test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con02a
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It is a basic principle of journalism that sources should be checked and verified by another, independent, source. British Foreign Secretary William Hague has pointed out that the actions of Wikileaks put British lives at risk. [1] Congressman Peter King described the mass leaking of documents as “Worse even than a physical attack” on America and Assange as “an enemy combatant”. [2] Vice-President Joe Biden refers to him as a “High-tech terrorist.” [3] He has condemned governments, endangered operations and undermined diplomatic activities, all without knowing the identity or motives of his sources. For all we know the information could be quite false or released only in part by someone with an axe to grind. Those parties who are damned by the revelations are hardly in a position to say, “No that isn’t one of our cables and here’s the real one to prove it." Furthermore, as the site itself proudly proclaims, it has no way of knowing who the source is and, therefore, no way of knowing the accuracy of the information published beyond the educated guesswork of their editorial staff [4] . Who is it making these guesses? It is impossible to say as only Assange’s name is associated with the site. It’s an interesting exercise – how many other Editors-in-Chief could you name? How many star reporters can you name? Wikileaks must be the only media organisation – or such is its claim – where the only name that is widely known is that of the publisher. It is a fairly basic principle of journalism that not only should more than one person know the identity of the source but that the information should be possible to ratify. To prove the confidence that journalist has in the source, they are prepared to put their name to it. Assange cannot say whether he has confidence in the sources because he has no way of telling whether that is really a person with access to information or whether it is the agent of and unfriendly power, a disaffected employee or is simply making the whole thing up [1] BBC News, 'Julian Assange ready to meet police says his lawyer', 7 December 2010, [2] James, Frank, 'Wikileaks Is A Terror Outfit: Rep. Peter King', NPR, 29 November 2010, [3] The Sydney Morning Herald, 'Joe Biden calls Julian Assange a 'hi-tech terrorist', 20 December 2010, [4] The Slate. “The Wikileaks Paradox: Is Radical Transparency Compatible with Total Anonymity?” Farhad Manjoo. 28 July 2010,
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beir-bm25top100
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test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con03a
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Wikileaks is not a news organisation, it exists exclusively to disseminate classified information, no genuine news organisation has such an agenda. News organisations provide a variety of functions, from reporting the weather to breaking news. Even the most hardened investigative outlet does not dedicate itself exclusively to revealing classified information. It appears to have no interest in what that information is or whether its disclosure causes more harm than good, the sole interest is that it is classified. That isn’t journalism, at best it’s prurience and, at worst, egocentricity – ‘I know something you don’t know’. The fallout for people’s jobs, liberty and safety appears not to interest those involved. Their own ‘About Us’ section makes a point of stating that “We accept (but do not solicit) anonymous sources of information [1] .” Interestingly, the whole of the rest of the page talks about maintaining anonymity for both readers and sources and little else. It provides screeds of text about themselves, a free press and the importance of releasing classified information. Unusually for a media organisation, there are no details about how to complain if a reader feels they or someone else has been misrepresented. This means that Wikileaks is denying someone’s freedom of speech by not giving them a right to reply and have corrections published. In an age where even the most stentorian paper of record enshrines such rights, one might assume that such devout proclaimers of free speech would shout it from their mast head. Instead, their Chat page is mostly full of dire warnings that security forces are watching the reader’s every keystroke. Hardly encouraging for the little guy wishing to clear their name. [1] The link to the page is here .
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beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
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test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con01a
|
Assange is mostly interested in self-promotion, not being a serious journalist. Journalists are judged by far more than their ability to acquire and disseminate knowledge or information. The quality of their writing, the skills and contacts developed to acquire it, the training used to enter the trade (which incidentally would have included the difference between the legitimate use of privileged information and espionage) and many other characteristics. Assange doesn’t seem to have taken any interest in any of this. He undertook no formal training – he studied but did not graduate in Physics – and worked as a computer programmer and hacker before founding Wikileaks. His interest in data seems to do with the technological side of the process rather than the ideas. Were a printer in the same situation to attempt the same defence, it would be ignored. Assange is an irresponsible geek, self-proclaimed hacker and someone who clearly has no interest in, or understanding of, the notion that there are occasions when a responsible journalist does not release information, frequently out of concern for those whose lives it might engender. His entire background has been in hacking, he is described as a cryptographer in articles written by or about him before the launch of Wikileaks. This sudden commitment to journalism seems awfully convenient in the event of the threat of a trial.
|
[
"test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-con01b"
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beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
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test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02a
|
Other religions have the right to wear prescribed clothing enshrined in British law, it is hypocritical not to offer Christianity the same protection. Legislation should be consistent; otherwise it is, by definition, discriminatory. [i] If some faiths are allowed to show outward demonstrations of their faith in the workplace, then that should apply across the board. Christianity is an established part of the state, as shown by the monarch being head of the Church of England. So it is perverse for two national brands to accept attire that demonstrates an employee’s profession of other faiths but to reject one that is universally recognised as a symbol of Christianity. The very fact that both women were willing to risk, and lose, their jobs over the issue shows that they considered wearing the cross to be an important part of their faith. That should be enough to demonstrate that it is a matter of conscience. It is demonstrably true that allowing other religious symbols to be worn does not create immense difficulties, both the NHS and Heathrow airport allow sikh’s to wear a kirpan (small dagger). [ii] Their right to do so is respected because it is important to the individual concerned. The same is clearly true here. Either legislation should respect that commitment in all faiths or it should not do so in any. [i] The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed., Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000, [ii] The Kirpan, A submission to the Department of Communities and Local Government (UK), British Sikh Consultative Forum, April 2009, P12
|
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beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
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test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro01a
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Declaration of the faith is a key part of Christianity and that should be respected. The UK is a nation that claims to be tolerant of all faiths and to respect religious beliefs. If that is the case then it must be accepted that the law should respect actions in accordance with those beliefs insofar as they do not harm or infringe on the rights of others. Demonstrating one’s commitment to the cross is part of that faith [i] and should, therefore be shown some respect in a religiously diverse and tolerant society. There may be more militant forms of religious profession that would be inappropriate in a workplace but wearing a simple piece of jewellery causes no harm or offence to others. Both women have stated that they felt that wearing the cross was an important part of their faith [ii] and respect for those beliefs should be shown if society’s claims of tolerance and diversity are to have credibility. As with the demonstration of any right, the fact that its exercise may not be convenient does not supersede its validity. Indeed the only way of demonstrating that a society is, in fact, a tolerant one is, by definition, when it tolerates the exercise of legitimate practices which are inconvenient. [i] Galatians 6:14 among others [ii] BBC News Website. “Shirley Chaplin and Nadia Eweida Take Cross Fight to Europe.” 12 March 2012.
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] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
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test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro03a
|
The confession of religious faith is far more important than the rather petty rules that banned the wearing of the cross. People of faith attest that those beliefs determine the nature of their own identity and their place in the Universe. In the case of Nadia Eweida, at least, the employer’s case was based on the idea that wearing a symbol of that faith might not enhance their uniform. The difference between the significance of the claims could not be greater. Indeed, British Airways, Eweida’s employer, has since changed their policy to permit staff to wear religious or charitable imagery [i] in large part because of the absurdity of the position. The case against Chaplin was based on health and safety legislation - but not because the cross and chain posed a risk to others but to herself [ii] ; a risk she was, presumably, prepared to accept. On one hand there are individuals protecting their sincere beliefs in the most profound of issues and, on the other, managers applying what the Archbishop of Canterbury described as “wooden-headed bureaucratic silliness”. [iii] There is no suggestion that harm to another could have been caused here and, therefore, no reason not to respect the heartfelt beliefs of the individuals involved. [i] BBC News Website. “Christian Airline Employee Loses Cross ban Appeal”. 12 February 2010. [ii] Daily Mail. “It's a very bad day for Christianity: Nurse's verdict after tribunal rules she can't wear crucifix at work” [iii] The Telegraph, ‘Archbishop of Canterbury hits out at cross ban’, 4 April 2010,
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beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
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test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04a
|
Freedom of expression, like any right is fairly meaningless if it’s only respected when it’s convenient. Recognising rights when there is no inconvenience to anybody involved is verging on the irrelevant. This is, perhaps, especially true, with freedom of expression. If I recognise your right to express yourself freely - so long as I never have to see, hear or be aware of you doing – rather misses the point. Likewise if the individual is free only so long as there aren’t any rules saying they shouldn’t be, goes somewhat against the grain of defending liberties. Indeed the history of the idea that people can exercise all the freedom they like as long as it’s out of sight, out of mind and doesn’t break any rules is not a noble one; among other absurd forms of “freedom”, it was used to justify both segregation and apartheid. Although the effect and extent of the prejudice is clearly different here, the logic is the same: you are completely free to do whatever I think you should do. Having a right to freely express oneself means to do so when it is inconvenient, challenging or offensive to others [i] . The rules being broken here were, as has already been mentioned, fairly petty and the sanctions comparatively minor – although the loss of someone’s livelihood should not be understated. The case is important because of the precedent it sets; what if the two women were risking not just their jobs but their liberty? The UK considers itself to be a tolerant country. Tolerance means accepting those declarations and statements that are inconvenient. If the law is incapable of defending a statement as benign as wearing a small piece of jewellery, it is worrying to think how it would cope with something more forthright. [i] UN Declaration of Human Rights. Articles 18, 19 and 23.
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beir-bm25top100
|
[] |
test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con02a
|
Both employers acted out of concern for the interests of their clients, employees should respect that. Employers don’t introduce rules because it’s fun but, rather, because they serve a purpose. Ms. Chaplin has expressed concern about the legal costs incurred by the NHS Trust which employed her in fighting the action she initiated. Health and safety rules exist, in part, to avoid the possibility of subsequent legal action; it might be reasonable for her to support such rules given her concern [i] . Likewise, airlines have uniform policies to make their services, well, uniform. It’s what their customers expect. In much the same way as many Christians refuse to receive communion from a woman or a homosexual, it simply goes with the job. For any workplace to function, the lifestyles of the employees need to accommodate the needs of the customers or users of the service provided by the employer. Clearly there is a degree of balance involved and the values of the employee need to be respected. However, this case isn’t about the values of the employee – they weren’t fired for being Christian – it was about and active decision in how to demonstrate those values. A decision not taken by their co-religionists and one that seemed to owe more to belligerence than to belief. [i] Daily Mail. “It's a very bad day for Christianity: Nurse's verdict after tribunal rules she can't wear crucifix at work”
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beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
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test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con03a
|
If this were about wearing a badge with a political slogan or something similar, everyone would agree that it was inappropriate. The same principle should apply to iconography. If the image they were wearing endorsed a political candidate or another company, the issue would never have got to court. Neither complainant was employed in a capacity where their religious conviction was relevant to the job. If the situation were reversed and they were compelled to profess a religious faith in such a situation there would, rightly, be an outcry. In neither situation would the consumer of the service being provided expect to be confronted with endorsements for which candidate to vote for or which soda to drink. The question then arises, if political and corporate branding is out, why should suggestions about which god to pray to be okay? The very fact that they were willing to pursue this action demonstrates that images and symbols carry meaning beyond the explicit statement they make. If that is true, then it is equally true that others may object to, or be offended by, what that symbol represents. People who have bought airline tickets or are in need of healthcare should not be confronted by imagery they may find unpleasant.
|
[] |
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"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro02a",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-con03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-fsaphwacsl-con02a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-con01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-fchbnhampi-con01a",
"test-politics-ypppgvhwmv-pro03a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro02b",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"test-religion-yercfrggms-pro03a",
"test-philosophy-npppmhwup-pro01b",
"training-environment-aelmmhbahr-pro03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-radhbsshr-pro02a",
"validation-law-hrilphwcgbd-pro01a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-pro05b",
"test-religion-grcrgshwbr-pro05b",
"training-health-ahwba-con04b",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02b",
"training-free-speech-debate-fkhsdsbpmk-con03a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-con03b",
"test-religion-grcrgshwbr-con03b",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro01a",
"training-religion-mhwkosm-pro01b",
"test-politics-ypppdghwid-pro04a",
"validation-philosophy-ehbidachsb-con03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"validation-free-speech-debate-nshwcb-con01b",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-con02b",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro02b",
"training-free-speech-debate-nvhbfemir-con01a",
"training-politics-eapvovrdcfu-pro02b",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-con03a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro02a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-con03a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con03b",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbbsbfb-con01a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwprhs-con01a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-con04a",
"training-international-mehbjsbd-con01a",
"training-international-meptwhbi22-con01a",
"training-politics-pggvhwass-pro03a",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-pro01b",
"training-law-hrpthwuuavs-pro02a",
"test-international-bldimehbn-pro02b",
"training-education-tfsdfkhwabvh-con03a",
"training-philosophy-pphsipd-con01a",
"training-philosophy-eppprfmhb-con01a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-con04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwprhs-pro03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-pro01b",
"test-religion-grcrgshwbr-pro01b",
"training-politics-lvhwhauppsd-pro03b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"training-free-speech-debate-nshbimprsb-pro02a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro02a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro04b",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro02a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-con03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-bphbemsbp-pro03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02b",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-con02a",
"test-health-dhpelhbass-pro03a",
"training-politics-lvhwhauppsd-pro01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro03a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-pro04a",
"training-free-speech-debate-nshbbhnpsb-pro03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro02b",
"test-philosophy-eppphwlrtjs-pro04a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro04b",
"training-free-speech-debate-nshbimprsb-pro01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01b",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-con03a",
"test-culture-cgeeghwmeo-pro01b",
"training-law-tllgrhwds-pro03b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[] |
test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con01a
|
Employers impose rules relating to conduct in the workplace, it’s one of the things that everyone accepts when they take and continue in a job. Put simply, if you don’t like the rules, don’t do the job. The fact that the world of work and the life of faith can come into conflict should hardly have come as a surprise to the women concerned. From Biblical times onward, that has been a reality. However, they chose these particular jobs and that choice comes with consequences. Their actions would seem to suggest that they prize their faith more highly than their jobs, the solution seems fairly straightforward – get another job. Religious belief is also a choice. Nobody is compelling the two women into one particular faith and nobody, including the Church, is compelling them to wear a cross as a demonstration of that decision. The problem seems to have arisen because one thing they chose to do was in conflict with another thing they chose to do. It is difficult to see how that is the responsibility of either the employer or the courts.
|
[
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con01b"
] |
[
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro03a",
"test-religion-yercfrggms-pro03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-nvhbfemir-pro01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03b",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro03b",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02b",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro04b",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbbsbfb-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-nvhbfemir-con01a",
"validation-philosophy-ehbidachsb-pro02a",
"test-philosophy-elkosmj-pro03a",
"test-education-pstrgsehwt-con01a",
"training-education-ulghblqwc-con01b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"test-culture-cgeeghwmeo-con02a",
"training-religion-fmshbrdmhg-pro01b",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04b",
"training-free-speech-debate-nshbimprsb-pro02a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-fchbcuilre-pro03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01a",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-pro04a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-nvhbfemir-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-con02b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con03b",
"training-international-mehbjsbd-con01a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con01a",
"training-education-psthwbh-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro01a",
"training-health-mthwhwbpd-con01a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-con01a",
"test-health-dhgsshbesbc-con01a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con05b",
"training-sport-ehcpssohwpup-pro01a",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-con01a",
"training-international-agdhwiafrk-pro03b",
"test-philosophy-elhbrd-con01a",
"validation-religion-cfhwksdr-pro01b",
"test-religion-wcprrgrhbmi-pro01a",
"training-culture-cgpdhwecns-pro02b",
"training-environment-crasbmurcc-pro03a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con03b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"validation-philosophy-ehbidachsb-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthbtsbp-con02a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-fchbdeonl-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro02b",
"training-religion-frgsbnaofcs-pro03a",
"training-culture-tpghwam-pro03a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-nshwcb-con01b",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-pro02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthbtsbp-con01a",
"test-philosophy-elkosmj-con05a",
"test-philosophy-elhbrd-con02a",
"test-religion-frghbbgi-pro03b",
"test-philosophy-elhbrd-con04a",
"test-health-dhgsshbesbc-pro01b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbbsbfb-pro01b",
"training-religion-mhwkosm-pro03a",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-pro02a",
"training-society-imhwgiidl-con01b",
"validation-science-cihbdmwpm-pro03a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"training-economy-ehbusbmwtwm-con02a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-nshwcb-con01a",
"training-religion-mhwkosm-pro01b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con03a",
"training-health-sshwnasso-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-elkosmj-con01b",
"test-religion-cmrsgfhbr-con02b",
"test-religion-cmrsgfhbr-con03b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro02b",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-radhbrr-con03a",
"test-politics-cdmaggpdgdf-con01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-nshbbhnpsb-pro01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"validation-philosophy-ehbidachsb-con01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con04a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-radhbrr-con01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-fchbnhampi-con03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a
|
The expansion of Heathrow is vital for the economy Expanding Heathrow would ensure many current jobs as well as creating new ones. Currently, Heathrow supports around 250,000 jobs. [1] Added to this many hundreds of thousands more are dependent upon the tourist trade in London which relies on good transport links like Heathrow. Loosing competitiveness in front of other European airports not only could imply wasting the possibility to create new jobs, but lose some of those that already exist. Expansion of Heathrow would also be building a vital part of infrastructure at a time when British infrastructure spending is very low as a result of the recession so helping to boost growth. Good flight connections are critical for attracting new business and maintaining current business. This is because aviation infrastructure is important for identifying new business opportunities. The UK’s economic future depends on trading not just with traditional destinations in Europe and America but also with the expanding cities of China and India, cities such as Chongqing and Chengdu. [2] Businesses based in these cities will be much more likely to invest in Britain with direct flights. [3] [1] BBC News, ‘New group backs Heathrow expansion’, 21 July 2003, [2] Duncan, E., ‘Wake up. We need a third runway’. The Times, 2012, [3] Salomone, Roger, ‘Time to up the ante on roads and airports’, EEF Blog, 2 April 2013,
|
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro03b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03b",
"test-economy-beghwbh-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02b",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-pro02b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro02a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-pro03b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro03a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-con03b",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-pro03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro02a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con01a",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-pro02a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con03a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-pro01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-con01a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro01a",
"training-international-agphwen-con03b",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"training-economy-epsosghbsas-pro02a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-pro04a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-pro02b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"test-law-thgglcplgphw-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con03a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-con03a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con01a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro02a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-pro01a",
"test-politics-lghwdecm-con03b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con01a",
"test-culture-mmctyshwbcp-pro04b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con04b",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con02b",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-fchbcuilre-con03a",
"test-international-aahwstdrtfm-pro02a",
"test-politics-oglilpdwhsn-con04b",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro02a",
"test-politics-oglilpdwhsn-con02b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02b",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con01a",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-con01a",
"training-economy-epechbuwbbe-con04a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con03a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro03a",
"test-politics-lghwdecm-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiaghwpto-pro03a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-pro03a",
"training-sport-tshwm2fwcw-pro02a",
"training-international-astshbghacn-pro02b",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con03b",
"test-politics-oglilpdwhsn-con03b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con02a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro05a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con02a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro01b",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"training-law-ilpwhbujufp-con01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egecegphw-pro01a
|
Heathrow is full; it must expand Put simply Heathrow is at the limits of its capacity so there needs to be expansion. Heathrow is already at 99% capacity and running so close to maximum capacity means that any minor problem can result in large delays for passengers. London’s major rivals have four-runway hub airports Paris, Frankfurt, even Madrid [1] this means these cities have much greater capacity as they can take up to 700,000 flights a year compared to Heathrow’s 480,000. [2] Britain does not want to be left behind, crumbling in the dust. These airports therefore clearly have the capacity to take flights that would otherwise be going to Heathrow. Heathrow needs to expand to maintain its competitiveness so that the airport retains its position the most popular place to stop-over in before catching a connecting flight. Colin Matthews, the chief executive of Heathrow (formerly BAA) has argued that Heathrow’s lack of hub capacity currently costs the UK £14billion. [3] Heathrow is in danger of falling behind continental rivals in Frankfurt and Amsterdam. [1] Leunig, T., ‘A third runway? Yes, and a fourth too, please’ The Times, 2012, [2] Lundgren, Kari, “Heathrow Limit Costs U.K. 14 Billion Pounds, Airport Says”, Bloomberg, 15 November 2012, [3] Topham, Gwyn., ‘Heathrow must be expanded or replaced, airport chief announces’ The Guardian, 15 November 2012,
|
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro03b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02b",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-pro03b",
"test-philosophy-eppphwlrtjs-pro02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro02a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01b",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-con02a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro03a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-con02a",
"training-environment-ogecephwgn-pro01a",
"test-international-gmehbisrip1b-con01a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-con02b",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro02a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-con02b",
"training-law-cphwusbaw-pro02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro03a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-con02a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro01a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro03b",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-pro02b",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro02b",
"training-economy-epsosghbsas-con02a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con05a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con01a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-pro03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con02a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con05b",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro01a",
"training-education-udfakhwst-con01a",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-pro02a",
"training-education-pstuhbhhnp-pro01a",
"training-environment-ogecephwgn-pro02a",
"test-international-emephsate-con03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con02b",
"training-environment-raceeghg-pro01a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03b",
"test-politics-cpegiepgh-pro02b",
"test-philosophy-eppphwlrtjs-pro04a",
"test-digital-freedoms-efsappgdfp-con04a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro02a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-radhbsshr-pro02a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-con01a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro01b",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01b",
"validation-law-lgdgtihbd-con03a",
"test-international-ghwcitca-con01b",
"training-law-cphwusbaw-pro03a",
"test-politics-gvhwhnerse-con01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con03a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-pro03a",
"training-international-mehrilsim-pro01a",
"training-politics-dhwrt-con01a",
"test-philosophy-pphbclsbs-con04a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-con01a",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-con03a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con02a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con02b",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con03a",
"training-science-uhbmsf-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiaghwssd-pro01a",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-pro03a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro02a",
"test-politics-pgsimhwoia-con01b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-international-meptwhbi22-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-dfaihbssp-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"test-education-udfakusma-con04b",
"training-education-udfakhwst-pro03a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehbwdsot-pro02a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-pro03a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con02a",
"training-science-uhbmsf-con01a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro01a",
"training-economy-epiaghwssd-con05a",
"test-sport-otshwbe2uuyt-pro01a",
"training-international-eplgvhwar-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"test-politics-cpegiepgh-pro02a",
"validation-politics-dhwdtnw-pro05a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egecegphw-pro03a
|
Heathrow is in the best location for London Flying is critical for business. Heathrow is well located for the people that will pick up the bill funding its expansion. People need to be able to get to their homes and work easily from the airport otherwise it is impractical. According to the Civil Aviation Authority 25% of business passengers start their journey within 30 minutes of Heathrow, far more than any other airport. [1] This demonstrates that the demand for Heathrow’s services from the local area is real and pronounced. Heathrow is closer to London than its rivals Gatwick and Stansted and has better transport links through the Piccadilly line and Heathrow Express. A new airport could potentially be closer, but finding space within the M25 for a large airport without attracting the same kind of opposition that expanding Heathrow has would be next to impossible [1] Leunig, Tim, ‘A bigger and quieter Heathrow is the answer to our aviation capacity problem’, The Spectator, 5 October 2012,
|
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-pro03b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro02a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"test-philosophy-eppphwlrtjs-pro02a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro01b",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-pro02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro02a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-con02a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-con02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro01a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-pro02b",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-pro02b",
"test-economy-beghwbh-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro05b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con03a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro03b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-pro03b",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro02a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro02a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-con02b",
"test-politics-cpegiepgh-pro02b",
"test-international-gmehbisrip1b-con01a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-education-udfakhwst-pro03a",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-con03b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-pro04a",
"test-philosophy-pphbclsbs-con04a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-radhbsshr-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro01a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro01b",
"training-international-seighweo-con02a",
"test-politics-lghwdecm-pro03a",
"training-science-ncpshwlucpc-pro02a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-pro01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con02a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con01a",
"test-international-appghblsba-con02a",
"test-philosophy-pphbclsbs-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro03a",
"training-international-eplgvhwar-pro02a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro02a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-con02a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-pro02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro03a",
"test-politics-lghwdecm-pro04a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro02b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-con01a",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-con03a",
"training-law-cppfmyhwicc-con02a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-con01b",
"training-free-speech-debate-nshbimprsb-con01a",
"training-international-ghwfunb-con02a",
"training-economy-befhwimsc-con04a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con03b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con02a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-pro03b",
"test-politics-lghwdecm-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-efsappgdfp-con04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03b",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con04a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"training-law-lgpcphwawtai-pro01a",
"training-international-eplgvhwar-pro03a",
"training-international-aghbuidrch-con03a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egecegphw-con02a
|
Expanding Heathrow would be at the expense of the environment Expanding Heathrow will directly contribute to climate change and make it impossible for the UK to stay within the EU legal limits. The EU has established limits on the levels of harmful pollution and the UK has signed a commitment to reduce Green House Gases by 80% by 2050 and also to emit no more CO2 in 2050 than it did in 2005. However, building a third runway would be enabling and encouraging greater number of flights which would result in Heathrow becoming the biggest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the country. [1] Attempts by the government to weaken pollution laws by lobbying Brussels would enable the third runway but at a deeply nefarious price, that of human health, currently fifty deaths a year are linked to Heathrow but with expansion this would go up to 150. [2] [1] Stewart, John, ‘A briefing on Heathrow from HACAN: June 2012’ [2] Wilcockm David, and Harrism Dominic, ‘Heathrow third runway ‘would triple pollution deaths’’, The Independent, 13 October 2012,
|
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro03b",
"test-philosophy-eppphwlrtjs-pro02a",
"test-environment-chbwtlgcc-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-con01a",
"training-environment-cehwirtrnp-con02b",
"test-environment-chbwtlgcc-con03a",
"training-environment-cephbesane-pro02a",
"test-environment-chbwtlgcc-pro04a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03b",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-con03a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con04a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02b",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con02a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con01a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-pro04a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-pro02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02b",
"training-education-aetuhwrcp-pro04a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fesngbunc-con03a",
"test-international-aghwrem-pro03a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-pro02a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro04a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con01b",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con03a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro01b",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con03a",
"test-politics-lghwdecm-pro01b",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro01a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-con01a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-con01a",
"test-environment-chbwtlgcc-con01a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-con02a",
"training-environment-cpiahwdwf-pro03a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro01a",
"training-international-agphwen-con03a",
"test-law-thgglcplgphw-pro03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
"training-international-epvepesio-pro04a",
"test-politics-lghwdecm-pro02a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro04a",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-pro03a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-con03a",
"test-philosophy-eppphwlrtjs-pro04a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-con05a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro02a",
"test-international-gpsmhbsosb-con02a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-con02a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-pro01b",
"training-environment-cpiahwdwf-pro01a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-pro03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-dfaihbssp-con02a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-environment-ogecephwgn-pro03a",
"training-politics-oamepdgtwh-con01a",
"training-environment-ogecephwgn-pro03b",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-con03a",
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"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01a",
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"training-international-eppgglghb-pro01a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con03b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro02a",
"training-environment-cpiahwdwf-con04a",
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"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro04a",
"test-sport-otshwbe2uuyt-con03a",
"training-environment-cephbesane-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-con01a",
"training-health-ahwba-pro01a",
"training-environment-crasbmurcc-con02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egecegphw-con03a
|
The economic case for expansion does not add up A study conducted by the NEF revealed that the cost of expansion will outweigh the benefits by at least £5billion. [1] London has six airports and seven runways meaning that London already has the best connections globally. Together, London airports have a greater number of flights to the world’s main business destinations than other European cities, despite serving less ‘leisure’ destinations than Paris’s airports. [2] The solution to making air travel efficient lies in increasing the size of planes and filling them up rather than running half empty flights on small planes, something which is particularly prevalent on short haul flights. Short haul flights could also be re-directed to alternative airports such as Gatwick, City airport, Luton and Stansted so as to free up more space at Heathrow. The expansion case also assumes ever increasing numbers flying, yet passenger numbers dropped for the first time in the wake of the recession, [3] and eventually technology may reduce demand for business travel. There are also other restrictions aside from runway capacity that prevents more flights, for example the UK has an agreement with China that restricts the UK to 62 flights to China per week. [4] [1] New Economics Foundation, ‘A new approach to re-evaluating Runway 3’, 19 April 2010, [2] Stewart, John, ‘No economic case for expansion’, November 2011, [3] Rutherford, Tom, “Air transport statistics’, House of Commons Library, 4 July 2011, SN/SG/3760, p.4 www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN03760.pdf [4] HACAN, ‘BAA challenged on claim that it is lack of runway capacity at Heathrow that is limiting flights to China’, airportwatch, 14 November 2012,
|
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro03b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro02a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-pro03b",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-pro04a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro01b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01b",
"test-economy-beghwbh-con02a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro02a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con04b",
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"test-international-glilpdwhsn-pro01a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-con02b",
"training-international-mehrilsim-con02a",
"training-science-uhbmsf-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro02b",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con02a",
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"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con01a",
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"training-international-mehrilsim-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01a",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-pro02b",
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"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro01a",
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"training-digital-freedoms-sfydfphwap-pro03a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-pro03a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro02a",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fesngbunc-con03a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro03a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro04a",
"training-economy-epiaghwssd-con05a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-con03a",
"test-politics-gvhwhnerse-con01a",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-con01b",
"training-economy-epiaghwssd-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro02a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con01a",
"training-science-uhbmsf-pro04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con02a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro02a",
"test-philosophy-pphbclsbs-con04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con03b",
"training-digital-freedoms-aihbied-pro03a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02a",
"test-law-lghwpcctcc-con01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-beghwbh-pro01a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con03a",
"test-politics-cdmaggpdgdf-con04a",
"training-science-cpesgguhwe-con03b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-con02b",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03a",
"training-international-ghbssbupd-con03a",
"training-international-aeghbltcbra-pro01a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con01a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro03a",
"training-international-aghwaucsa-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egecegphw-con01a
|
The third run-way would cause noise and pollution problems The high population density of the area around Heathrow means it is not an ideal location for a bigger airport. It makes sense to increase capacity in an area with lower population density instead of trying to do so within a location that is constrained by adjacent urbanized areas. Expanding Heathrow airport would mean increasing the problem of noise for the about 700,000 people living under the flight path. According to the HACAN report the Department for Transport only accepts that noise is a problem if a community is subjected to over 57 decibels of noise over the course of a year according to a 1985 Government study. In which case only the boroughs of Richmond and Hounslow would be affected. However this does not tie in with Londoner’s experiences. BAA says that 258,000 people are currently affected by high noise levels but the local community believes the real number is more like 1 million people affected. [1] Any argument that states that noise levels will not increase is flawed at best and outright fraudulent at worst, clearly a large expansion in the number of flights will increase the amount of noise and possibly the numbers affected. [1] Johnson, Tim, ‘Approach Noise at Heathrow: Concentrating the Problem’, HACAN, March 2010, p.12
|
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro01b",
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"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro01a",
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"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-con01b",
"test-economy-beghwbh-pro02b",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-con01a",
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"test-economy-egecegphw-con03b",
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"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
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"validation-economy-epeghwbhst-pro01b",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro01b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"training-international-meptwhbi22-con03a",
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"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con01a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con02b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-con02b",
"test-politics-ypppgvhwmv-pro03b",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro01a",
"training-politics-lvhwhauppsd-pro02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-con01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02b",
"training-politics-dwdfiphwut-con02a",
"training-society-imassirucr-con03a",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-pro01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro02a",
"test-society-tsmihwurpp-con02b",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro02a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con01a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-con01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro03a",
"training-culture-aeuhbdcaal-con03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a
|
Online gambling affects families A parent who gambles can quickly lose the money their family depends on for food and rent. It is a common cause of family break-up and homelessness, so governments should get involved to protect innocent children from getting hurt [5]. Each problem gambler harmfully impacts 10-15 other people [6]. The internet makes it easy for gamblers to bet secretly, without even leaving the house, so people become addicted to gambling without their families realising what is going on until too late.
|
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02b"
] |
[
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05b",
"test-religion-cmrsgfhbr-con02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03b",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro02b",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro04b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-con03b",
"test-society-tlhrilsfhwr-con03b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05b",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-pro04a",
"test-religion-cmrsgfhbr-con03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con04a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01b",
"training-law-umlcphwrmrvc-pro03a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro03a",
"training-education-psthwbh-con03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a",
"training-health-ahwba-pro02a",
"training-education-egsrsla1j-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-iphwclcp-con04a",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-con02a",
"training-economy-epeghwrar-con01a",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-con04a",
"training-international-ghbssbupd-con02a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con02a",
"test-religion-cmrsgfhbr-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con02b",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-con01a",
"training-society-fygspsmy-con04a",
"test-law-tahglcphsld-pro01b",
"training-law-cppfmyhwicc-con02b",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-con02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02b",
"validation-society-fyhwscdcj-pro01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro01a",
"test-health-dhpelhbass-pro03a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con02b",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro01a",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-pro01a",
"validation-digital-freedoms-phbphnrp-con02a",
"training-society-gfhbhsbaa-con03b",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con03a",
"training-philosophy-lsgsgfhbpsb-pro03a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro02b",
"training-health-ahwba-con01a",
"validation-education-shwmsems-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01a",
"training-law-cpphwlpvo-pro02a",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-con04a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro03a",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro03a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-pro02b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con04a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01a",
"training-health-oeghsshwpsst-con03b",
"test-science-ciidfaihwc-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro01a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con01a",
"test-education-egtuscpih-pro02a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"training-philosophy-oppelhsdp-con03a",
"test-health-ppelfhwbpba-con03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-iphwclcp-con03a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro01b",
"test-society-tlhrilsfhwr-pro01b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04b",
"training-politics-vhwlva1-con01a",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-pro02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01a
|
Gambling is bad for you. Gamblers may win money from time to time, but in the long run, the House always wins. Why should governments allow an activity that helps their citizens lose the money they have worked so hard to earn? The harm is not just the loss of money and possible bankruptcy; it causes depression, insomnia, and other stress related disorders [4]. The internet has made gambling so much easier to do and encouraged lots of new people to place bets so dramatically multiplying the harm.
|
[] |
[
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-con01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03b",
"test-law-tlcplghwfne-con01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01b",
"training-health-ahwba-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro02a",
"test-culture-mthbah-con03b",
"training-health-ahwba-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-pro01b",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-con03a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro03b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-pro03b",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con04a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-efsappgdfp-con04a",
"test-international-bldimehbn-pro01a",
"training-politics-dhwrt-con01a",
"test-law-lghwpcctcc-pro01a",
"test-sport-tshbmlbscac-pro02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a",
"test-culture-mthbah-con04a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a",
"training-health-ahwba-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-pro02a",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-con01b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthbtsbp-con03a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-culture-cgmmcthbrt-pro02a",
"training-sport-tshwipclaf-con01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro03a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro03a",
"test-politics-cdmaggpdgdf-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-con01b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-pro02a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro03b",
"test-law-tlcplghwfne-con02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-con01a",
"training-law-tllgrhwds-pro01b",
"training-free-speech-debate-bphbemsbp-con03a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro01a",
"training-law-lgsghwlp-con01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a",
"training-environment-ahwbsawhnbsf-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-piidfphwbaa-pro04b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03b",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifdfaihs-con01a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03b",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro04a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01b",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01b",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-con01b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"validation-politics-glvhwetleb-pro04a",
"test-culture-cgeeghwmeo-pro02a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-pro03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"test-culture-mthbah-con04b",
"validation-sport-ohwbcvhtmp-con01b",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[] |
test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03a
|
Gambling is addictive. Humans get a buzz from taking a risk and the hope that this time their luck will be in, this is similar to drug addicts [7]. The more people bet, the more they want to bet, so they become hooked on gambling which can wreck their lives. Internet gambling is worse because it is not a social activity. Unlike a casino or race track, you don’t have to go anywhere to do it, which can put a brake on the activity. The websites never shut. There won’t be people around you to talk you out of risky bets. There is nothing to stop you gambling your savings away while drunk.
|
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01a",
"training-health-mthwhwbpd-con03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro04b",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02b",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro01b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-pro01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04a",
"training-health-hpessghwgt-con01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con02b",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05b",
"training-digital-freedoms-aihbied-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con03b",
"training-health-oeghsshwpsst-con01b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05a",
"training-politics-viwvfpps-con02b",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro02b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-pro02b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-piidfphwbaa-pro04b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04b",
"test-education-egscphsrdt-pro03a",
"training-law-tllgrhwds-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-gfsdifscp-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02b",
"training-free-speech-debate-gfsdifscp-con01b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-efsappgdfp-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-ifdffehw-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02a",
"validation-sport-ohwbcvhtmp-con02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-gfsdifscp-pro01b",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-con04a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro03b",
"validation-science-cihbdmwpm-pro03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"validation-environment-rahwbuaosae-pro04a",
"training-politics-viwvfpps-pro05a",
"training-health-ahwba-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03a",
"training-health-hpessghwgt-con02a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro02a",
"training-education-ulghblqwc-con04b",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-piidfphwbaa-pro03a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro03b",
"test-society-asfhwapg-pro02a",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-con01a",
"training-politics-viwvfpps-pro02a",
"validation-science-cpecshmpj-con01a",
"validation-society-gihbsosbcg-pro02a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con03b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-con03b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro01a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-con02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01b",
"training-environment-aelmmhbahr-pro01b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro01b",
"validation-science-cihbdmwpm-con01b",
"validation-sport-ohwbcvhtmp-pro01b",
"training-religion-mhwkosm-pro01b",
"test-law-tlcplghwfne-pro02a",
"test-law-tahglcphsld-con01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-efsappgdfp-con04a",
"validation-science-cihbdmwpm-pro01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwbawdh-con04a",
"test-culture-cgeeghwmeo-pro03a",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-pro04a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a
|
Online gambling encourages crime Human trafficking, forced prostitution and drugs provide $2.1 billion a year for the Mafia but they need some way through which to put this money into circulation. Online gambling is that way in. They put dirty money in and win clean money back [8]. Because it is so international and outside normal laws, it makes criminal cash hard to track. There is a whole array of other crime associated with online gambling; hacking, phishing, extortion, and identity fraud, all of which can occur on a large scale unconstrained by physical proximity [9]. Online gambling also encourages corruption in sport. By allowing huge sums of money to be bet internationally on the outcome of a game or race, it draws in criminals who can try to bribe or threaten sportsmen.
|
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04b"
] |
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01b",
"training-politics-dwdfiphwut-pro03a",
"validation-environment-rahwbuaosae-pro04a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01a",
"training-law-lgpcphwawtai-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01b",
"test-law-tahglcphsld-pro04a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con04a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a",
"test-law-tlcplghwfne-con03a",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-piidfphwbaa-pro04b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-piidfphwbaa-pro04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04b",
"training-law-hrilhwsyh-con01a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-con02b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04b",
"test-science-wsihwclscaaw-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-phbplpfsbop-pro01a",
"test-law-tahglcphsld-pro07b",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-piidfphwbaa-pro03a",
"training-law-hrilhshsi-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro03a",
"test-sport-tshbmlbscac-pro02a",
"training-law-cpphwlpvo-pro01b",
"training-culture-mmchbnatp-con03b",
"test-law-umtlilhotac-con02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwbawdh-con02a",
"training-law-hrilhwpwc-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-ifdffehw-pro03a",
"test-philosophy-eppphwlrtjs-con02a",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con02a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-pro03b",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con01a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro01b",
"test-philosophy-eppphwlrtjs-pro04a",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihbiahr-pro01b",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"test-law-umtlilhotac-con03a",
"test-law-tlcplghwfne-pro03a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03a",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-pro02a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-fchbcuilre-pro02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con01a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01b",
"training-society-gmhbztpgtf-con02a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro01a",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-con02b",
"training-law-hrpghwicic-con03b",
"test-sport-otshwbe2uuyt-pro02a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-con01a",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-pro02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"validation-law-hrilhbiccfg-pro01a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con02b",
"training-environment-pwshwdotsc-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a
|
Cant enforce an online gambling ban Governments can’t actually do anything to enforce a ban on the world wide web. Domestic laws can only stop internet companies using servers and offices in their own country. They cannot stop their citizens going online to gamble using sites based elsewhere. Governments can try to block sites they disapprove of, but new ones will keep springing up and their citizens will find ways around the ban. So practically there is little the government can do to stop people gambling online. Despite it being illegal the American Gambling Association has found that 4% of Americans already engage in online gambling [11].
|
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02b"
] |
[
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro03a",
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"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con02a",
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"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-pro01b",
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"training-digital-freedoms-aihbied-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-aihbied-con01a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro02b",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-con01b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04b",
"training-free-speech-debate-gfsdifscp-con01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwbawdh-con02a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro02a",
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"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehbwdsot-pro03b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01b",
"test-law-cplglghwbhwd-pro03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-piidfphwbaa-pro03a",
"test-science-ciidfaihwc-pro01b",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-pro03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro02b",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-con04a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro03b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-pro03b",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03b",
"test-international-gsciidffe-pro04a",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-pro01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-piidfphwbaa-pro03b",
"validation-digital-freedoms-gthwaueai-con02a",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-con02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a",
"training-health-ahwba-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fesngbunc-pro01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con04a",
"test-culture-mmctyshwbcp-con02a",
"test-politics-nlpdwhbusbuc-con02a",
"training-health-mthwhwbpd-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03a",
"test-science-ciidfaihwc-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehbwdsot-pro02a",
"test-law-cplglghwbhwd-pro01a",
"training-environment-assghbansb-pro02a",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-con03b",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-pro02b",
"validation-free-speech-debate-nshwcb-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-piidfiphwu-pro01b",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro03a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-con03a",
"test-politics-glgvhbqssc-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-pro02a",
"test-politics-nlpdwhbusbuc-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con01a",
"test-law-cplglghwbhwd-pro03a",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-pro03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-ifcidffe-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a
|
Government only objects to online gambling because they dont benefit Governments are hypocritical about gambling. They say they don’t like it but they often use it for their own purposes. Sometimes they only allow gambling in certain places in order to boost a local economy. Sometimes they profit themselves by running the only legal gambling business, such as a National Lottery [15] or public racecourse betting. This is bad for the public who want to gamble. Online gambling firms can break through government control by offering better odds and attractive new games.
|
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05b"
] |
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04b",
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"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04a",
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"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con03b",
"training-politics-gvhbtnd-con03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01b",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01b",
"training-education-ulghblqwc-con04b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con02b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro04a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro02b",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03b",
"training-international-epgvhwhrum-pro04b",
"training-digital-freedoms-iphwclcp-con04a",
"training-health-hpessghwgt-con01a",
"validation-environment-rahwbuaosae-pro04a",
"test-international-epglghbni-pro04b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04b",
"validation-international-ghwipcsoc-con02a",
"test-science-dssghsdmd-con01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-con03a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-con01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fesngbunc-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-pphsipd-con01a",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-pro03b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"training-health-mthwhwbpd-con02b",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro02b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-pro02b",
"test-politics-lghwdecm-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-pro01b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01b",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con03a",
"test-society-asfhwapg-pro02b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-aihbied-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con03b",
"test-philosophy-pppthbtcb-pro01a",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-phwbtoabup-con02a",
"training-science-ciidffehwa-pro05a",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-pro02a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-phbplpfsbop-pro01b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con03b",
"test-science-dssghsdmd-pro03b",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro02a",
"training-environment-crasbmurcc-con02a",
"test-politics-gvhwhnerse-pro03a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro03a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fesngbunc-con02a",
"training-politics-gvhbtnd-con03b",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-con01b",
"test-law-tlcplghwfne-pro02a",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-con01a",
"training-environment-cephwcear-con01b",
"test-politics-cdmaggpdgdf-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con02a",
"test-politics-lghwdecm-pro03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-yfsdfkhbwu-pro02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04a
|
Other forms of online gambling What is the difference between gambling and playing the stock market? In each case people are putting money at risk in the hope of a particular outcome. Gambling on horse-racing or games involves knowledge and expertise that can improve your chances of success. In the same way, trading in bonds, shares, currency or derivatives is a bet that your understanding of the economy is better than that of other investors. Why should one kind of online risk-taking be legal and the other not?
|
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04b"
] |
[
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03b",
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"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con04a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-con03b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro02b",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con04b",
"training-digital-freedoms-iphwclcp-con04a",
"validation-environment-rahwbuaosae-pro04a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con02b",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con02a",
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"validation-environment-rahwbuaosae-pro04b",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-pro02a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro01b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-pro01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-pro02a",
"training-science-euhwcface-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
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"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03b",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-con01a",
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"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04a",
"training-sport-tshwiropf-con01b",
"training-law-lgsghwlp-con02b",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-con03a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-con02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro01b",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-con03b",
"training-health-hpessghwgt-pro01b",
"training-politics-dwdfiphwut-pro04a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02b",
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"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-con03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-fchbnhampi-con01a",
"training-religion-msgfhwagcm-con03b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04b",
"training-health-mthwhwbpd-con03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03a",
"training-health-mthwhwbpd-con02b",
"test-law-lghwpcctcc-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01a",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-pro03a",
"test-science-dssghsdmd-con01a",
"training-education-tfsdfkhwabvh-con04a",
"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-pro02b",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-con02b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-con04a",
"validation-education-shwmsems-pro01a",
"test-politics-cpegiepgh-pro01b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con01b",
"training-environment-assghbansb-pro03a",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-con03b",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a
|
Only regulation can mitigate harms It is where the sites operate, not where they are set up that matters for regulation. It is in gambling sites interest to run a trustworthy, responsible business. Whatever they are looking for online, internet users choose trusted brands that have been around for a while. If a gambling site acts badly, for example by changing its odds unfairly, word will soon get around and no one will want to use it. Regulation will mean that sites will have to verify the age of their users and prevent problem gamblers from accessing their site. When there is regulation consumers will go to the sites that are verified by their government and are providing a legal, safe service [13].
|
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03b"
] |
[
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifdfaihs-pro03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-aihbied-pro02a",
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"training-law-ucgtlilhwtd-pro03a",
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"validation-science-ihbrapisbpl-pro03a",
"training-science-ciidffehwa-pro03a",
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"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a",
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"training-science-ciidffehwa-pro02b",
"training-science-ciidffehwa-con01a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con02b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-con02b",
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"training-science-ciidffehwa-pro05b",
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"training-digital-freedoms-fehwbawdh-pro03a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con03a",
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"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-piidfphwbaa-pro02b",
"training-science-ciidffehwa-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fesngbunc-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con02a",
"training-health-dhgamvs-con02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-con01a",
"test-science-ciidfaihwc-pro01b",
"test-science-wsihwclscaaw-con02a",
"test-politics-cdmaggpdgdf-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-ifdffehw-con03b",
"training-law-ucgtlilhwtd-con02b",
"training-economy-epiasfihb-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con02b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01a
|
Personal freedom Gambling is a leisure activity enjoyed by many millions of people. Governments should not tell people what they can do with their own money. Those who don’t like gambling should be free to buy adverts warning people against it, but they should not be able to use the law to impose their own beliefs. Online gambling has got rid of the rules that in the past made it hard to gamble for pleasure and allowed many more ordinary people to enjoy a bet from time to time. It provides the freedom to gamble, whenever and wherever and with whatever method the individual prefers.
|
[
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con01b"
] |
[
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con05a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro02b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con04a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro04b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro06b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-pro01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con02b",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con03a",
"training-law-tllgrhwds-con04b",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con03a",
"test-law-sdiflhrdffe-pro03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04a",
"training-science-ncpshwlucpc-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro01a",
"test-law-ilppppghb-con02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-iphwclcp-con04a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con02b",
"training-philosophy-oppelhsdp-con03a",
"test-international-gsciidffe-pro04a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-con03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-yfsdfkhbwu-con02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-con04a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-con01b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"training-philosophy-pphsipd-con01a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro02b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-pro02a",
"training-health-ahwba-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-pro02a",
"test-education-pstrgsehwt-pro05a",
"training-digital-freedoms-phwbtoabup-pro01a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthbtsbp-con03a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-con01a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro03a",
"training-law-aegtlcpsyhwa-pro04a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro02a",
"training-science-ciidffehwa-con05a",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-pro01b",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbbsbfb-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02b",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-piidfiphwu-pro01b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01b",
"validation-religion-cfhwksdr-con01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01a",
"validation-environment-rahwbuaosae-pro04a",
"training-society-gyhbaclsbmmll-pro01a",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-pro02b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01a",
"training-health-oeghsshwpsst-con01b",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con03a",
"training-philosophy-pphsipd-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifdfaihs-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con03b",
"training-health-hpessghwgt-pro01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-con03b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro04a",
"test-international-gsciidffe-con02a",
"training-law-ueegllghwhsl-con02b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-con01b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-pro02a
|
Those who have more owe more to the state Wealthier people benefit from the state more than do those who are worse off for two reasons. First, they have more to lose in the absence of the state. Without the rule of law, people would no longer be bound by any power to respect one another’s property rights. A rich person has much more to lose should there be a reversion to the state of nature; nothing would shield him from the mob. For this reason it is in the interest of the wealthy to preserve the just rule of law in the state and to uphold its institutions. It does so by funding it through taxation, and those who have more to lose have a greater interest in paying more to ensure its continuity. The second benefit the rich have is that they have gained more from the state than have the poor and less well off. It is only within a state system that maintains order and provides vital services that markets can form and be maintained. [1] Warren Buffett, for example, has argued that he could never have amassed anywhere near the sort of wealth he has in a country without the rule of law, such as Bangladesh. [2] Wealthy business owners and corporations use state utilities far more than poorer individuals quite often, when for example they use public roads to move their vast fleets of trucks, while individuals only drive their personal car. The state guarantees property rights, which allows markets to form and provides the protections and services to businesses that need them to function. Those who profit from that have an obligation to contribute to its upkeep. [1] Lakoff, George and Bruce Budner. “Hidden Truths of Progressive Taxes”. Institute for America’s Future. 2007. Available: [2] Terkel, Amanda. “Warren Buffett: ‘I Should Be Paying a Lot More in Taxes’”. Huffington Post. 2010. Available:
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro04a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con04a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro01a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-pro04a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro01a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-radhbsshr-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro02a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con01b",
"training-free-speech-debate-ifcidffe-pro03a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con02a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con02a",
"validation-politics-glvhwetleb-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con03a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro01b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con04a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con01a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro01b",
"training-politics-eapvovrdcfu-pro02a",
"test-society-asfhwapg-con01a",
"validation-society-gihbsosbcg-con03a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro02b",
"test-law-sdiflhrdffe-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-yfsdfkhbwu-con02a",
"training-philosophy-eppppghwe-pro03a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-con01a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro02b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con01b",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02a",
"test-politics-nlpdwhbusbuc-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-pro05a
|
A well-implemented progressive taxation scheme serve to promote economic growth Progressive taxation can serve very effectively to increase the economic welfare and development of societies. It does so in three ways. First, it lifts the poor out of poverty by redistributing the tax burden from them onto the wealthy who are more able to pay, and gives them more disposable income to put back into the economy, which increases the velocity of money in the system, increasing growth. [1] Second, workers will be more likely to work harder since they will feel the system is more equitable; perceptions of fairness are very important to individuals. People will still work and save since they will want the goods and services they always did in the presence of progressive taxation, and will thus not be less motivated as detractors of progressive systems suggest. Third, progressive taxes serve as an automatic stabilizer in the event of recessions and temporary downturns in the market, in the sense that a loss of wages due to unemployment or wage cuts places an individual in a lower tax bracket, dampening the blow of the initial income loss. The American economy is a perfect example of how progressive taxation promotes broader economic growth; data shows that average yearly growth has been lessened since the 1950s after the reduction in progressively in the tax system. In the 1950s annual growth was 4.1%, while in the 1980s, when progressively in taxes fell dramatically, growth was only 3%. [2] Clearly, a progressive tax regime is best for workers and the economy generally. [1] Boxx, T. William and Gary Quinlivan. The Cultural Context of Economics and Politics. Lanham: University Press of America. 1994. [2] Batra, Ravi. The Great American Deception: What Politicians Won’t Tell You About Our Economy and Your Future. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 1996.
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro03a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro03a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-pro02a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con03a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro02a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro01b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con04a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01b",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"training-politics-dtwhbnhsa-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-con02b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03a",
"training-society-fygspsmy-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro03b",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-pro02b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con03a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro01b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con02a",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-con01a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-pro01a
|
Those able to pay more should pay more into the tax system The wealthy have more disposable income and are more financially secure than are the poor and economically tenuous. For this reason, a progressive system of taxation puts the tax burden more heavily on the wealthy which has the wherewithal to pay. Progressive taxes make everyone sacrifice equally, since true equality of taxation means equality of sacrifice. [1] It is ludicrous to expect the poor and less well-off to pay the same proportional amount in taxes as the wealthy since they have to spend most of their income on essential goods like food and shelter; it is unjust to gain all state revenues from regressive taxes like VAT, since the wealthy have excess resources they can do without while not overly influencing their standard of living. [2] Progressive taxation serves to help the poor and worst off while not leaving the wealthier worse off, since they still have more money. Clearly, progressive taxation is just in terms of burdens on individual taxpayers. [1] Young, H. Peyton. 1990. “Progressive Taxation and Equal Sacrifice”. The American Economic Review 80(1): 253-266. [2] Shapiro, Robert. “Flat Wrong: New Tax Schemes Can’t Top Old Progressive Wrongs”. Washington Post. 1996. Available:
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro03b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-pro02a",
"training-society-fygspsmy-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02b",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con01a",
"test-international-ehbfe-con02a",
"training-society-fygspsmy-con03a",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-pro04a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03a",
"training-politics-vhwlva1-pro02a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-con03a",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-con01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro03b",
"test-law-phwmfri-pro03a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con03b",
"test-law-phwmfri-con02a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con03b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"training-society-imassirucr-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro01a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01b",
"training-economy-epiaghwpto-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-pro03a
|
The state should promote the efficient distribution of income in order to maximize the utility derived by society from its economic resources All goods suffer from diminishing marginal utility, and this includes money. The more money someone, the less happy they are made from each successive addition of wealth after a certain point. One might be able to buy a second car or a second house with extra money, but eventually one runs out of things one particularly wants to buy or own. [1] When wealth is unevenly distributed in society, the wealth of society is inefficiently distributed. The aim of the state must be to attempt to maximize the aggregate utility of its citizens insofar as it is able without damaging the economy. With progressive taxation, wealth is effectively reallocated to poorer people, who gain more utility than the wealthy lose in the process. The state has a right to do this not only because it generates a more efficient distribution of income than the market does, but also because income is partly a collective good. [2] Ownership rights to property and the ability to expand them is only possible within the framework of the state; thus the state can make a moral ownership claim to some of the products of the services it provides, and does so most effectively through the mechanism of progressive taxation. [1] Thune, Kent. “The Diminishing Marginal Utility of Wealth”. The Financial Philosopher. 2008. Available: [2] Weisbrod, Burton. Public Interest Law: An Economic and Institutional Analysis. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1978.
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-dfaihbssp-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-pro02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"training-law-lgsghwlp-pro02b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-economy-befhwimsc-pro04a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03b",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03b",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro03a",
"training-science-ncpshwlucpc-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05b",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con04a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con03a",
"training-health-ahwba-con01a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"training-economy-epiaghwpto-pro01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con01a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a",
"test-law-phwmfri-pro01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-con03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03b",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-con03a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-con02a",
"training-religion-msgfhwagcm-pro04a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro04a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro02b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-pro02b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con02a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-pro04a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-pro04a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02b",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro02a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03a",
"validation-society-gihbsosbcg-pro03a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con03a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con04b",
"test-law-phwmfri-con02a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01a",
"test-philosophy-elkosmj-pro03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con02a",
"training-economy-egplhbbsa-con01a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-pro04a
|
Progressive taxation promotes a more equal, more harmonious society Progressive taxation provides real equality of opportunity, and serves to level the playing field so that social classes are not fixed. Everyone deserves a chance to climb the economic ladder, but without a regime of progressive taxation this is nearly impossible. [1] If tax revenues are generated by flat or regressive taxes the poor will necessarily have to contribute substantial portions of their own income to the state, cutting into their ability to consume and save. Social services must still be financed, and the best way to do that is through a progressive tax regime that makes those most able to pay more pay more; if more of the burden is placed on the poor and disadvantaged, as it must in a flat-rate system, fewer people will be able to climb out from the social strata in which they are born. [2] The more equal society created by these taxes is thus more equitable, since it affords people greater opportunities. It is also more harmonious, since well-funded services keep people from feeling desperate and to turn to such things as crime. But greater equality itself can also be beneficial, as it reduces distinctions between groups in society, and prevents stratification into social classes based on wealth. People who are more alike can sympathize and empathize more with one another. Progressive taxation thus promotes a very real and powerful social message that can greatly benefit social cohesion. [1] Young, H. Peyton. 1990. “Progressive Taxation and Equal Sacrifice”. The American Economic Review 80(1): 253-266. [2] Benabou, Roland. “Social Mobility and the Demand for Redistribution: The Poum Hypothesis”. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 2001. Available:
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro01a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02b",
"test-society-epsihbdns-pro02b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02b",
"validation-society-gihbsosbcg-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03a",
"validation-education-shwmsems-pro01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro03b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con01a",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con05a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03b",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-pro01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-pro01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con01b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-international-ehbfe-con02a",
"test-philosophy-npppmhwup-con02b",
"training-philosophy-eppprfmhb-con03a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-pro02a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro03a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-con02a
|
Progressive taxes place an unfair and disproportionate burden on the wealthy The revenues the state acquires through taxation are used to pay for various services and benefices. Lower income individuals consume these services to a disproportionate degree. It is they who require income supplements and child benefits when they lack the wherewithal to provide for themselves, and they avail more readily than the wealthy of such things as public healthcare and transport services. There is thus clearly no correlation between the amount people pays in taxes and amount of benefits they receive from them. [1] The rich make less use of such services, often preferring to use of privately provided services, yet they are expected to pay a greater proportion of their wealth to the public services they do not use under a progressive system of taxation. As a matter of fairness it is only just that everyone contribute to the provision of public services equally, in accordance with their wherewithal to do so. Wealthier people thus can pay more units of wealth to the system than poor people justly, but when they are expected to pay a disproportionate percentage of wealth, through a system that levies contributions according to a progressive rather than proportional scale, they are being used unfairly and being stripped of their rightful possessions to the use of others. [1] Mayer, David. “Wealthy Americans Deserve Real Tax Relief”. On Principle 7(5). 1999. Available:
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03b",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con03b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-con01a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03a",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-con01a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con03a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01b",
"test-law-phwmfri-pro03a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03b",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"training-society-imassirucr-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03b",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-pro03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"training-society-fygspsmy-con03a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-con03a",
"test-law-phwmfri-con02a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con03a",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-pro03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con01a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01a",
"validation-politics-ghbfsabun-pro04a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con02a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro03b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03b",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-pro04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con01a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro03b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro03a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro01a",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-pro03b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con01a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02b",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro01a",
"test-law-phwmfri-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-con05a
|
The aim of taxation should be to provide equality of opportunity, not of outcom Taxation should not be about trying to engineer a more equal society. The purpose of taxes is to furnish necessary services people need to become competitive free agents in the economy. Progressive taxes take unduly from some to give to others in the hope of fostering social equality. Yet such efforts can only be harmful, as they breed resentment from rich toward the poor for taking undue amounts of their wealth for their consumption, and feelings of entitlement from poor who feel the wealthy owe them the money they pay, and thus feel happy to levy ever more odious taxes from them. [1] Society is best served by promoting a system of taxation that fosters equality of opportunity, by providing essential services to which everyone contributes in accordance with their ability to pay. This is better serviced through a system of flat-taxes, such as in Russia where there is a flat tax of 13%, [2] that promote a system of proportionality in taxation, rather than progressive taxes that focus unduly upon the contributions of the few to the many. [1] The Frugal Libertarian. “Immorality of Progressive Income Tax”. Nolan Chart. 2008. Available: [2] Mardell, Mark, ‘Pros and cons of Rick Perry’s flat tax plan’, BBC News, 26 October 2011,
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
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"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04b",
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"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro03a",
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"training-economy-tppphwift-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
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"training-economy-tppphwift-con03b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03a",
"training-economy-epiaghwpto-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02b",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro03b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con02a",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-pro04a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con03a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro01b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con03b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con02b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con03b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"test-law-phwmfri-con01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro03b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02b",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-con01a",
"training-economy-befhwimsc-con01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro01a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-con04a
|
Progressive systems are invariably highly complex and inefficient in implementation, breeding the knock-on inefficiencies of evasion and avoidance The modern progressive tax system has created whole industries of firms and specialists geared toward helping people file their taxes and to ensure the system runs smoothly. It has also bred armies of officials who oversee and audit tax issues, costing the United States for example more than $11 billion a year to operate its tax collection and verification systems. [1] People are forced under the progressive system to waste hours filling out returns, to hoard and sift through receipts to be accurate and to maximize their rebates. There is thus a huge efficiency loss in terms of people’s time as they are forced to dedicate effort and resources to the often arduous task of filing taxes in an ever more complicated system, arising from a progressive regime. The extreme complexity of the system has generated further negative incentives, encouraging the wealthy to seek ways around the system, to exploit loopholes in the bloated system for their personal benefit. [2] The very wealthy can thus evade obligations through the manipulation of complex tax codes and loopholes, and can sometimes even lead less scrupulous people to pay less than less wealthy people. Flat and regressive consumption taxes, on the other hand, offer an easier mechanism of taxation that is easier to understand, less time consuming to deal with, and harder to manipulate. [1] White, James. “Internal Revenue Service: Assessment of the 2008 Budget Request and an Update of 2007 Performance”. United States Government Accountability Office. Available: [2] Wolk, Martin. “Why the Tax System Keeps Getting More Complex”. MSNBC. 2006. Available:
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-con04b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con04b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro04a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con03b",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-con01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01b",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro03b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro03b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro02b",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-con02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con03b",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con02b",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro03b",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-con02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro01a",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-pro04a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro01a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-con02b",
"training-society-imassirucr-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-con03a
|
The ability to orchestrate a progressive taxation regime gives undue and dangerous power to the state The power to tax is power to destroy. A state with power over a progressive taxation system can put the wealthy in effective thrall, and use them to benefit its own ends. This is exacerbated by such phenomena as the tyranny of the majority which can lead the majority of less wealthy and have-nots to demand more and more services and paying for them by inflicting ever more onerous taxes on the wealthy while diminishing their own burdens. Furthermore, so long as the tax burden is disproportionately leveled on the few, no one can see the growing size of the state. [1] With flat or regressive consumption tax everyone can feel the growth of the state. They can also understand the costs associated with it, driving them to have more realistic preferences and to make more rational demands of the state rather than treating the rich as a perpetual piggy bank. [1] Dorn, James. “Ending Tax Socialism”. Cato Institute. 1996. Available:
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-con03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03b",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con03a",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-con02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con03b",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02a",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-con01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro05a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro03a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03b",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro01b",
"training-international-ghwfunb-con04a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con03b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"test-philosophy-pppthbtcb-con01b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-con03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01a",
"training-philosophy-eppppghwe-pro04a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro03a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro01a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"test-politics-gvhwhnerse-pro04a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thsptr-con01a
|
Individuals’ property and income are an index of deserving achievement, and of value contributed in the market place to society A progressive taxation system essentially assumes that the property rights of the poor are more sacred than those of the wealthy. Somehow the wealthy have a less proportionate ownership right than do the less well-off simply by dint of their greater wealth. [1] This is the height of injustice. An individual’s income is a measure of his overarching societal worth, by reflecting his ability to produce goods and services people find socially desirable and to signify his level of competence and desirability by his employer. The state should not punish people for this greater social worth by taxing them disproportionally to others. When it does so it expects people to work for the sake of others to an extent that is not fair, effectively consigning them to a kind of forced labor, by which parts of the wealth they work to acquire is appropriated by the state to a degree beyond which it is willing to do to others. [2] Such a regime is manifestly unjust. [1] Seligman, Edwin. “Progressive Taxation in Theory and Practice”. Publications of the American Economic Association 9(1): 7-222. 1894. [2] Nozick, R. Anarchy, State and Utopia. New York: Basic Books. 1974.
|
[
"test-economy-thsptr-con01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"test-society-asfhwapg-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro01a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-pro01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro01a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"test-culture-ahrtsdlgra-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"test-law-phwmfri-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-phbplpfsbop-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"test-philosophy-apessghwba-con01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b",
"training-philosophy-eppppghwe-pro04a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04b",
"test-law-phwmfri-pro03a",
"training-culture-aeuhbdcaal-con03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01b",
"training-international-mehrilsim-pro02a",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-con04b",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con01b",
"validation-education-shwmsems-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01a",
"training-politics-ghsdltwt-con02a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro02b",
"training-international-glhrilpws-pro02a",
"test-law-phwmfri-pro01b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-con02a",
"training-philosophy-pppghwblro-pro01b",
"validation-free-speech-debate-nshwcb-con01b",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-con02a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro04a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a
|
The effects of unemployment Unemployment has been linked to several health and wellbeing effects. Firstly, the psychological impact of unemployment involve a range of issues - from confidence to mental well-being. Issues of mental health problems - such as depression, suicide, anxiety, and substance abuse, need recognition in Africa. The impact of mental health may not only be on the individual, but dispersed within families and across generations. Secondly, unemployment may result in a loss of social networks and networking skills. The power of social capital, or networks, in reducing vulnerability has been widely noted. Therefore encouraging women to participate within the labour market ensures new networks are built and retained through the vital communication skills used. Finally. unemployment may affect physical health status. Unemployment may place individuals in a downward spiral, making it harder to re-enter the job market.
|
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-pro02a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01a",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-pro05a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con02a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con04a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-con04b",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-con04b",
"training-society-imassirucr-con03a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01b",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro01b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro01b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro01a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro01a",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-pro01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01a",
"validation-law-hrilphwcgbd-pro03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con03a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con05a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con01a",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-pro01a",
"validation-law-cpphwmpfcp-con03a",
"training-law-cpphwlpvo-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-pro04a",
"test-politics-glghssi-pro03b",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"training-law-lgsghwlp-pro04a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"training-society-fygspsmy-pro04a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro03b",
"training-environment-assghbansb-con03a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-con02a",
"training-society-negsimhwso-con03b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con02a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro03a",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro03a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con01a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01a",
"test-science-nsihwbtiss-con03a",
"training-economy-epechbuwbbe-con04a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro02b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro02a",
"training-international-agdhwiafrk-pro02b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-phbplpfsbop-con03a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro04a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con03b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-con03b",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con02a",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-con02b",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-con01b",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con02b",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-con03a",
"training-law-cpphwlpvo-pro02b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"training-economy-ehbusbmwtwm-con04a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01b",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-pro02b",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-con04a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con03a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04b",
"training-international-amepdlvhb-pro03a",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-pro02a",
"test-law-tahglcphsld-pro01b",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-con03a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-con02b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con03a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro04a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"training-international-epvhwav1ep-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a
|
The importance of jobs in livelihoods - money Jobs are empowerment. Building sustainable livelihoods, and tackling poverty in the long term, requires enabling access to capital assets. A key asset is financial capital. Jobs, and employment, provide a means to access and build financial capital required, whether through loans or wages. When a woman is able to work she is therefore able to take control of her own life. Additionally she may provide a second wage meaning the burden of poverty on households is cumulatively reduced. Having a job and the financial security it brings means that other benefits can be realised such as investing in good healthcare and education. [1] . Women working from home in Kenya, designing jewellery, shows the link between employment and earning an income [2] . The women have been empowered to improve their way of life. [1] See further readings: Ellis et al, 2010. [2] See further readings: Petty, 2013.
|
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03a",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro04a",
"training-culture-aeuhbdcaal-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro02a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con02a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-international-atiahblit-con03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01a",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro04a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro03a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02a",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro05b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con05a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"training-economy-epiasfihb-pro02b",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-con02a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con02a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02b",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro04b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con02a",
"training-economy-ehbusbmwtwm-pro01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro03b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro04a",
"training-culture-thrhwbbc-con01a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro02a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro03a",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro02a",
"test-law-rmelhrilhbiw-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con04b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con03a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro03a",
"training-economy-ehbusbmwtwm-con04a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro01a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro01b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro02a",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro04a",
"test-politics-glgvhbqssc-con01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a
|
Labour participation and rights Labour participation enables an awareness, and acquirement, of equal gender rights. Firstly, labour participation is challenging cultural ideologies and norms of which see the woman’s responsibility as limited to the reproductive sphere. Entering the productive sphere brings women equal work rights and the right to enter public space. By such a change gender norms of the male breadwinner are challenged. Secondly, labour force participation by women has resulted in the emergence of community lawyers and organisations to represent them. The Declaration of the African Regional Domestic Workers Network is a case in point. [1] With the rising number of female domestic workers, the network is working to change conditions - upholding Conferences, sharing information, and taking action. [1] See
|
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03a",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con01b",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro01b",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-pro01a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro05a",
"training-society-imassirucr-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"test-international-atiahblit-con03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02a",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro06a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-piidfaihbg-con03b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con04a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihbiahr-pro01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro01a",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro05b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-international-seighweo-con02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro04a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-ifakhbwfg-con05b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro04a",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro06b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro05a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro04a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro05b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro01a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-pro03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro04b",
"training-economy-beegshbtsb-con03a",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-con03b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro01a",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03a",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-con02a",
"training-economy-beegshbtsb-pro04a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro01b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con04a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a
|
Women need alternatives for empowerment Empowerment cannot be gained for women through employment, alternatives are required. A gender lens needs to be applied to women’s life course from the start. To tackle the discriminatory causes of gender inequality access to sexual and reproductive health rights is required for women. Access to such rights ensures women in Africa will be able to control their body, go to school, and choose the type of employment they wish to enter into. The importance of enabling sexual and reproductive health rights for women is being put on the agenda for Africa [1] . There is a lot to be done beyond workforce participation - ending violence against women, promoting equal access to resources, opportunities and participation. Such features will reinforce women’s labour market participation, but in the jobs they want. [1] See further readings: Chissano, 2013; Puri, 2013.
|
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro04a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02a",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro05b",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro01b",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro03a",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02b",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-pro03a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con04a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro01a",
"training-law-lgsghwlp-con04a",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-con03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05a",
"training-society-ghbfsn-con01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con04b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro02b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro02a",
"training-international-mciahbncb-pro02b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con02a",
"test-religion-cmrsgfhbr-con02a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-con01a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro01a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro04a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-pro01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro02b",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro05a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-con01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"training-culture-amcghbmgvaw-con03a",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro06a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01b",
"training-philosophy-tgppelhbwrc-pro01a",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro06b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro04a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03a",
"training-culture-amcghbmgvaw-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epiasghbf-con04a
|
Where are the men? Is the feminisation of labour emerging with a de-masculinisation of jobs? If so, how do women cope in the work environment? Are methods being integrated to ensure a just work environment is maintained? Overa’s (2007) study on gender relations within the informal economy indicates how tensions emerge with women and men being forced into similar occupations. The informal economy of retail trade in Ghana is becoming overcrowded as men enter into female jobs; competition is causing reductions in returns, and further, frustrations are rising against the state. Therefore if more women are entering male jobs, what are the reactions?
|
[] |
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro01b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con02a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro04b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con01b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro01b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con02b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro01b",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro01b",
"training-society-ghbfsn-con03b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro02a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro03a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con01b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con01a",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro06a",
"training-culture-amcghbmgvaw-pro04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con03b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con03a",
"training-society-ghbfsn-con01b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro05b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con02b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con02a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-con01b",
"training-law-lgsghwlp-con04a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro04a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01b",
"training-society-iasihbmubf-pro01b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro01a",
"training-culture-amcghbmgvaw-con02a",
"training-society-ghbfsn-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con03a",
"training-society-ghbfsn-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05b",
"training-health-ahwba-pro03b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro03a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con04a",
"training-international-mciahbncb-pro04a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con04a",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[] |
test-economy-epiasghbf-con03a
|
Who are the women? Women are a diverse group, and the feminisation of labour has incorporated a range of women of different ages, race, socioeconomic backgrounds and education. Such intersectionalities are important to recognise, as not all women are empowered and the empowerment is not equal. For example, a study by Atieno (2006) revealed female participation in the labour market was influenced by education. Human capital influenced the transition into work: who was able to access labour opportunities, and which ones. Therefore inequalities among women determine the degrees, and capability, of empowerment it is therefore not labour force participation that empowers but education.
|
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-pro03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro04b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro05a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"training-law-lgsghwlp-con04a",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con03a",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro06b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro06a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro01b",
"training-culture-thrhwbbc-con01a",
"test-education-egtuscpih-pro05b",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-con01a",
"training-international-amehbncag-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con01a",
"training-philosophy-pphsipd-pro02a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro03a",
"training-law-phsms-con04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con04b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro01a",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-con02a",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-pro03a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con03a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro02a",
"training-society-ghbfsn-con01b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epiasghbf-con01a
|
The double burden Despite a feminising labour market there has been no convergence, or equalisation, in unpaid domestic and care work. Women still play key roles in working the reproductive sphere and family care; therefore labour-force participation increases the overall burden placed on women. The burden is placed on time, physical, and mental demands. We need to recognise the anxieties and burdens women face of being the bread-winner, as survival is becoming ‘feminised’ (Sassen, 2002). Additionally, women have always accounted for a significant proportion of the labour market - although their work has not been recognised. Therefore to what extent can we claim increased labour force participation is empowering when it is only just being recognised?
|
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con04a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro05b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con01b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro02b",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-pro02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro02b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-pro03a",
"training-international-amehbncag-con01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con03a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01b",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-con01a",
"training-society-ghbfsn-pro03a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro04a",
"training-society-ghbfsn-con03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro01b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro03a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con03b",
"test-philosophy-elhbrd-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-politics-pgsimhwoia-pro01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"training-environment-cephwcear-con01b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con02a",
"training-international-ahwweac-pro01b",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro04b",
"training-society-imassirucr-con02b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con03a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03b",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro03a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con04b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con01b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro01a",
"test-religion-cmrsgfhbr-con01b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02a
|
Multilateralism is preferable to bilateralism. It is preferable for Latin American countries to band together when negotiating trade deals with the US and Canada, to better protect their interests. After FTAA negotiations failed, the US focused on bilateral strategies and trade deals where the imbalance of power was much greater in favour of the US, and it therefore could more easily dictate terms of the agreement that were detrimental to the interests of the developing country. For example, El Salvador, who is a member of CAFTA (Central America Free Trade Agreement), together with only five other Central American countries, has found itself under legal attacks by foreign investors when it refused to lower its environmental standards in the gold mining industry [1] . Having an emerging global power, like Brazil, be part of the agreement, would counterbalance US influence over the terms. [1] Gallager, Kevin. “Stop private firms exploiting poor states.” The Guardian. 5 February 2010.
|
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con04a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con05a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro04a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b",
"training-law-ilhwpoa9apus-con02a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con02a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01a",
"training-law-ilpwhbujufp-pro01b",
"training-law-ilhwpoa9apus-con02b",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-pro01b",
"test-politics-oepdlhfcefp-pro01b",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con03b",
"training-law-ilhwpoa9apus-con01a",
"test-international-ghwcitca-con02a",
"training-international-aeghbltcbra-con03a",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-pro02a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con02a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro01a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"test-international-gsciidffe-pro01a",
"training-international-mehbjsbd-pro01a",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-con01a",
"training-international-meptwhbi22-pro01a",
"training-environment-cephbesane-pro01a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-pro01a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-pro02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro01a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01b",
"test-international-ghwcitca-con01a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro03a",
"test-international-ghbunhf-con05b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro02a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con05b",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con03a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-con02a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con02a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro01a",
"test-international-gmehbisrip1b-con01a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con04a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-nshwcb-pro02b",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro04a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro04b",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-con01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01b",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-pro02b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01b",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro03a",
"test-international-amehbuaisji-con03a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro02a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con02b",
"test-politics-nlpdwhbusbuc-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-environment-assghbansb-con01a",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-con02a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro02b",
"test-international-ghbunhf-pro05a",
"test-international-amehbuaisji-con04a",
"training-international-ghbssbupd-pro01b",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con04a",
"validation-international-ghwipcsoc-con04b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con04a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro01a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-pro04a",
"training-politics-dwdfiphwut-con01b",
"training-international-agpwhouhmp-pro02b",
"validation-digital-freedoms-phbphnrp-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro04a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01a",
"training-international-agpwhouhmp-pro03a",
"test-international-amehbuaisji-pro01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"test-environment-chbwtlgcc-con01a",
"training-international-gsciidfi-con03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con04b",
"test-international-gmehbisrip1b-con02a",
"training-politics-oamepdgtwh-con01a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con03a",
"validation-politics-ghbfsabun-pro01a",
"training-economy-fiaghwewsco-con03b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01a
|
Free trade is good for development and growth. Free trade essentially removes barriers for companies to do business across countries and regions. This leads to competition between countries in those regions, and between companies and industries in those countries. It leads to the sharing of innovation, drives down the cost of production, and allows workers to move freely where their labour and skills are needed. This is good for all those involved in the transaction. It is good for companies, because they have more resources and markets at their disposal, good for consumers, because competition between companies drives down prices and drives the innovation that improves products, and it is good for workers, because they have greater opportunities to find employment for their labour and skills [1] . [1] DanBen-David, Håkan Nordström, LAlanWinters. “Trade, Income Disparity and Poverty”. World Trade Organization. 1999.
|
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b"
] |
[
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro04a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro02a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-pro04a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02b",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-pro02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-con02a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro03a",
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"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con04a",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-pro04b",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro02b",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con05b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro04a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con03a",
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"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01b",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con02a",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-con03a",
"training-education-shwmlflcsp-pro02a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con02a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-pro02a",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-con02a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con05a",
"test-society-asfhwapg-con02b",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"training-international-ahwweac-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01b",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con02b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro04b",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro01b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"test-international-appghblsba-pro01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-con02a",
"training-society-imassirucr-pro04a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con03a",
"training-economy-beegshbtsb-con02a",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-pro02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04b",
"training-international-aeghbltcbra-pro04a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con03a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-pro01b",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epegiahsc-pro03a
|
Trade is good for democracy. Venezuela’s Hugo Chavez has been making sustained efforts to boost his influence in Latin America, with regional tours and substantial investments in neighbouring economies, fuelled by Venezuela’s oil money [1] . He is staunchly anti-American and a supporter of Iran. Meanwhile, he has been restricting freedom of speech in his own country, has done away with presidential term limits, and has essentially proven himself as yet another Latin American dictator in the making. If the US hopes to counterbalance his influence, it needs to become more economically connected to Latin America. Showing that the United States is willing to trade fairly with Latin America would undermine his message. This would not only be the case for the United States as it would also allow Brazil and other successful democratic Latin American states to boost their influence. [1] Carroll, Rory. “Chavez Opens His Wallet Wider to Boost Latin American Influence.” The Guardian. 9 August 2007.
|
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro02b",
"training-society-imhwgiidl-con03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con01a",
"validation-politics-glvhwetleb-pro02a",
"training-environment-raceeghg-pro01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02b",
"validation-politics-ghbfsabun-con03b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-con03a",
"test-culture-mmctyshwbcp-con02a",
"test-politics-oapghwliva-con02a",
"test-politics-oapghwliva-con02b",
"training-international-alcphbgbsnl-con01a",
"training-politics-ghsdltwt-con02a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con02a",
"training-international-alcphbgbsnl-pro02a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con04a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"test-culture-cgeeghwmeo-con04b",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-bphbemsbp-con03a",
"training-law-ilpwhbujufp-pro04b",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01a",
"training-politics-eapvovrdcfu-pro01a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-con01a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con04a",
"training-politics-eapvovrdcfu-con01a",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-pro01a",
"training-politics-vhwlva1-con03a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro02b",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro01a",
"test-international-ghbunhf-con01b",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-pro02a",
"training-international-aglilhwccf-pro05a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con01b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-international-ghweunsc-pro04a",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-pro04a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con05b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con02b",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con03a",
"training-law-ilpwhbujufp-pro01b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01b",
"validation-international-ggsurps-con04a",
"training-free-speech-debate-fchbdeonl-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con03a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro02a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro04a",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-pro04b",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-con02a",
"training-international-agdhwiafrk-pro01a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro02a",
"training-international-aeghbltcbra-con03a",
"test-law-lghwpcctcc-con03a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01b",
"training-philosophy-eppppghwe-pro03a",
"test-politics-oepghbrnsl-con03b",
"validation-international-ahwdsac-pro01a",
"validation-international-ephbesnc-con03b",
"training-politics-oamepdgtwh-con01a",
"training-international-agpwhouhmp-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro02a",
"test-international-ghwcitca-con01a",
"training-philosophy-eppppghwe-con01a",
"validation-politics-glvhwetleb-con01a",
"training-international-ghbowramrlw-con04a",
"training-international-agpwhouhmp-pro04a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro02b",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro04a",
"training-international-ghwfunb-pro03b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-pphsipd-pro02a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-con02a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-con03b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro02a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con03b",
"validation-law-hrilphwcgbd-con01a",
"training-international-ghbowramrlw-pro04b",
"training-environment-raceeghg-pro03a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epegiahsc-con02a
|
The FTAA is bad for South American Agriculture. During the FTAA negotiations, the US has consistently refused to eliminate subsidies for American farmers [1] . Because of subsidies, great agricultural surpluses are produced that are then sold on developing markets at prices lower than the cost of production. Farmers in places like Brazil or Argentina, who are much more efficient in their process of production but do not benefit from subsidies, could not compete with these low priced imports, either locally or on the American market. Farmers would soon go out of business. [1] Marquis, Christopher. “Panama Challenges Miami as Free Trade Headquarters.” New York Times. 11 November 2003. www.nytimes.com/2003/11/11/world/panama-challenges-miami-as-free-trade-h...
|
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con01a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con03a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro04a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con05a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"test-law-tahglcphsld-pro05a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03b",
"test-politics-ypppgvhwmv-pro05a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro03a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-pro02b",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-pro04a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01b",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-pro03a",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-pro01b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro03b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro02a",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-pro01a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-phwbtoabup-con03a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"validation-international-ahwdsac-pro01a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03b",
"training-health-hpessghwgt-con03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con01b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"training-politics-lvhwhauppsd-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro03b",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"training-health-ahghtrpcas-con02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwiwcb-pro03b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro04a",
"training-law-cphwusbaw-con03b",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-con03a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-con03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con03b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con03b",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-fsaphgiap-con03a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-pro04b",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01b",
"test-politics-pgsimhwoia-pro03b",
"training-international-amehbncag-con04a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con03b",
"test-law-thgglcplgphw-pro03a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con03b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con04a",
"training-environment-cephbesane-pro01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02b",
"training-international-amehbncag-con04b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"training-law-ilpwhbujufp-pro01b",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-con02b",
"training-environment-pwshwdotsc-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a
|
FTAA is bad for labour in developed countries. Liberalizing the labour market across the entirety of the Americas would be a severe blow to workers in the US and Canada. It would put them in direct competition with workers from countries where the average salary is much lower than in the US, who would be willing to work for a fraction of what a US or Canadian worker currently makes. In order to stay competitive in such a market, they would have to accept lower salaries and a cut in benefits. This would reverse decades of progress in the direction of better protections for workers and workers’ rights, as well as lead to higher unemployment levels in developed countries [1] . This has occurred as a result of previous free trade agreements in the Americas for example the North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA) after it was implemented resulted in the displacement of 682,000 US jobs [2] this then gives employers a chance to reduce working conditions as there is surplus labor. [1] Suroweicki, James. “The Free-Trade Paradox.” The New Yorker. 26 May 2008. [2] Scott, Robert E., “Heading South: U.S.-Mexico trade and job displacement after NAFTA”, Economic Policy Institute, 3 May 2011,
|
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04b"
] |
[
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con03b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con03a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con05a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con03a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro04a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con03a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con04b",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-pro02b",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"training-society-imassirucr-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con04a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03a",
"test-politics-pgsimhwoia-pro03b",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-con01a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"training-international-ghbssbupd-con03b",
"training-environment-raceeghg-pro03a",
"training-international-ghbssbupd-con03a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con04a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con05b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con03a",
"training-society-imassirucr-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-yfsdfkhbwu-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con03a",
"training-economy-befhwimsc-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con02a",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-pro03a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro02a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro05a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro01b",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-pro04a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02b",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro01a",
"training-society-negsimhwso-con03a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con03a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con01a",
"training-education-udfakhwst-pro02a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-pro04b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro04b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03b",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con05b",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-pro01a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro03a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04b",
"training-environment-raceeghg-pro01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epegiahsc-con03a
|
FTAA is bad for the environment. Free trade creates a "race to the bottom", whereby developing countries lower their labor and environmental standards in an effort to attract foreign investment. Developed countries, which may have higher standards, are then forced to lower them as well in order to make sure companies don’t relocate or outsource their jobs abroad [1] . [1] Hassoun, Nicole. “Free Trade and the Environment”. Environmental Ethics, Vol. 31.
|
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a",
"training-economy-egplhbbsa-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con03a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con02b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02b",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro04a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02a",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-pro02a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con02a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro04b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-yfsdfkhbwu-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con01a",
"training-environment-pwshwdotsc-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con03a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-pro03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con02b",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-con02a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02b",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-con03a",
"test-environment-chbwtlgcc-pro02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro03b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-pro04a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro01b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro04b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con03a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01b",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01b",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro01b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con03a",
"training-economy-epeghwrar-con03b",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con02a",
"training-environment-raceeghg-con02b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con02b",
"training-international-epvhwav1ep-con04a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"training-international-ghbssbupd-con03b",
"training-society-negsimhwso-con03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro04b",
"test-free-speech-debate-fsaphgiap-con03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro03a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con04a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-con03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro04a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro02a",
"validation-international-ghwipcsoc-con03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-pro03b",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-pro02a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro02a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro02b",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro04b",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con04a",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-con02b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02b",
"training-economy-epeghwrar-con03a",
"test-politics-oepdlhfcefp-con02b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"test-international-appghblsba-con01a",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro05b",
"training-sport-tshwm2fwcw-pro02b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epegiahsc-con01a
|
The FTAA is bad for industries in developing nations. This agreement would put farmers and workers in some of the world’s most impoverished nations in direct competition with some of the richest companies in the developed world. FTAA would have small, domestic industries in countries like Bolivia or Haiti compete with massive American corporations, and prevent their governments from aiding them in any way. The disparity of power and resources would be so great in the case of such a collision, that it would mean these small industries could easily be wiped out and never develop to a level where they can sustain a healthy national economy and become competitive against giant multinational corporations. This would be disastrous for development and poverty reduction in South America [1] . [1] Robinson, Mary. “Free Trade Area of the Americas: Latin America Deserves Better.” New York Times. 18 November 2003. www.nytimes.com/2003/11/18/opinion/18iht-edrob_ed3_.html?scp=1&sq=
|
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-international-ghweunsc-pro04a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro03a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro04a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con04a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01a",
"validation-international-ahwdsac-pro01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro03b",
"training-international-gsciidfi-con02a",
"test-international-appghblsba-con03b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro02a",
"test-law-thgglcplgphw-pro03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02b",
"test-society-epsihbdns-pro02b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con02a",
"training-law-ilpwhbujufp-con02a",
"test-international-appghblsba-con01a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro01a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro04a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con02b",
"test-society-epsihbdns-con02b",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con03a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02b",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con03a",
"training-environment-cephwcear-con02a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03a",
"test-politics-pgsimhwoia-pro03b",
"validation-law-hrilphwcgbd-con01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro02b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02b",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-pro05a",
"test-politics-pgsimhwoia-pro03a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03b",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"training-sport-tshwiropf-pro04a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con03b",
"test-politics-oglilpdwhsn-con03b",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro01a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro01a",
"training-education-udfakhwst-pro02a",
"test-international-ghwcitca-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro02a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con01a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con02a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a",
"test-politics-pgsimhwoia-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con02b",
"test-politics-oapghwliva-con02a",
"test-politics-oapghwliva-con02b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro01b",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-pro01a",
"training-education-udfakhwst-pro01a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-pro03a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con04a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con03b",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a
|
Women provide a platform for economic development Where women in Africa are treated more as equals and are being given political power there are benefits for the economy. Africa is already surging economically with 6 out of the world’s ten fastest growing economies in the past decade being a part of sub-Saharan Africa [1] . While some of the fastest growing economies are simply as a result of natural resource exploitation some are also countries that have given much more influence to women. 56% of Rwanda’s parliamentarians are women. The country’s economy is growing; its poverty rate has dropped from 59% to 45% in 2011 and economic growth is expected to reach up to 10% by 2018. Women become the driving force of the socio-economic development after the 1994 genocide with many taking on leadership roles in their communities. [2] In Liberia, since Ellen Johnson Sirleaf took the presidency seat on January 2006, notable reforms have been implemented in the country to boot the economy, and with visible results. Liberia’s GDP has grown from 4.6% in 2009 to 7.7% by the end of 2013. Men in Africa on the other hand have often lead their countries into war, conflict, discord, and the resulting slower economic growth. Men fight leaving women behind to tend the household and care for the family. Giving women a greater voice helps encourage longer term thinking and discourages conflict, one of the main reasons for Africa’s plight in the second half of the 20th century. The feminisation of politics has been identified by Stephen Pinker as one of the causes for a decline in conflict. [3] When peace brings economic growth women will deserve an outsize share of the credit. [1] Baobab, ‘Growth and other things’, The Economist, May 1st 2013 [2] Izabiliza, Jeanne, ‘The role of women in reconstruction: Experience of Rwanda’, UNESCO, [3] Pinker, S., The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined, 2011
|
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro02b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro01b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con04a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro02a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"training-politics-dtwhbnhsa-con03a",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-con01a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con01b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con04a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con04b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con02a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"test-international-ghbunhf-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro04a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro04a",
"training-international-astshbghacn-pro04a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-pro03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03a",
"training-environment-cephwcear-con01a",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-pro03a",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-pro01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro02b",
"training-society-negsimhwso-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con03a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con01b",
"test-international-aahwstdrtfm-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con03a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con02a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con03a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con01b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con04b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con01a",
"training-international-ghweunsc-pro01b",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro03a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03b",
"training-society-fygspsmy-pro02a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con03a",
"test-international-appghblsba-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a
|
Women are the backbone of Africa’s agriculture It sounds dramatic, but when more than 70% percent of the agricultural labor force of Africa is represented by women, and that sector is a third of GDP, one can say that women really are the backbone of Africa’s economy. But the sector does not reach its full potential. Women do most of the work but hold none of the profit; they cannot innovate and receive salaries up to 50% less than men. This is because they cannot own land [1] , they cannot take loans, and therefore cannot invest to increase profits. [2] The way to make women key to Africa’s future therefore is to provide them with rights to their land. This will provide women with an asset that can be used to obtain loans to increase productivity. The Food and Agriculture organisation argues “if women had the same access to productive resources as men, they could increase yields on their farms by 20–30 percent. This could raise total agricultural output in developing countries by 2.5–4 percent, which could in turn reduce the number of hungry people in the world by 12–17 percent.” [3] The bottom line is that women work hard but their work is not recognised and potential not realised. What is true in agriculture is even truer in other sectors where women do not make up the majority of workers where the simple lack of female workers demonstrates wasted potential. The inefficient use of resources reduces the growth of the economy. [1] Oppong-Ansah, Albert, ‘Ghana’s Small Women’s Savings Groups Have Big Impact’, Inter Press Service, 28 February 2014, [2] Mucavele, Saquina, ‘The Role of Rural Women in Africa’, World Farmers Organisation, [3] FAO, ‘Gender Equality and Food Security’, fao.org, 2013, , p.19
|
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con02a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro01b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro03a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con03b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03b",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con01a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con03a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro01b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro02b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con01a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro03a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro03a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro01b",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-con01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con04a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro04a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con02a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro02a",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-pro01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro01a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro02a",
"training-culture-amcghbmgvaw-pro04a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con02b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-con02b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-pro03a",
"training-international-amehbncag-con01a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con03b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con04b",
"test-international-appghblsba-con03b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro02b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03b",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-pro02a",
"training-culture-thrhwbbc-con01a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con02a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro04b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a
|
There is greater potential for African women There is great potential in educating African women. Two out of three illiterate Africans are women. In 1996 the countries with the highest illiteracy rates in women are Burkina Faso with a staggering 91.1%, Sierra Leone with 88.7%, Guinea with 86.6% and Chad with 82.1% of women illiterate [1] . The situation is however improving. Women are starting to reach their educational potential: by 2011 the illiteracy rate among female youth (15-24) had dropped to 52% in Sierra Leone, 22% in Guinea and 42% in Chad. [2] Women in Africa are becoming much better educated. This means they are much more likely to be able to reach their full potential in the economy. Education provides opportunities as educated women will be better able to work in the manufacturing or services sectors. They will also be much more capable of setting up and running their own businesses or organisations. As a more educated cohort of women enters the workforce they will have a much greater effect on the economy than women have had in the past. [1] ‘The role of Women in Post-independent Africa’, African Women Culture, 29 April 2011, [2] UNESCO Institute of Statistics, ‘Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24)’, data.worldbank.org, 2009-2013,
|
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"training-economy-eigsim-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con01a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con03a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-con02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con03b",
"training-culture-thrhwbbc-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con03a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con05b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con02a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro01a",
"training-politics-dtwhbnhsa-pro03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con02a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro01a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con03b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"test-religion-cmrsgfhbr-con02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro04b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con04a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con04a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02a",
"test-culture-mmciahbans-pro02a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro03a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro02b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro01a",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01b",
"training-international-aghwaucsa-con01a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con02a",
"validation-education-shwmsems-con03b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con02b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro01b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro01a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con04b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro01a",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-pro01b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con04b",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro06b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro02a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con02b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con02a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro01a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro02b",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con02a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro03a",
"training-culture-thrhwbbc-pro02a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-con02b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"training-society-ghbfsn-pro01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con02b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-con02b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con01b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a
|
Women are not the future for Africa’s economy In the short to medium term women are unlikely to be the key to Africa’s economic future. Even in western economies, there is still a gap between genders at the workplace. Women are still paid less than men, there are more men CEO’s than women and so forth. This is likely to remain replicated in Africa for decades after there has been full acceptance that women should be treated equally as has happened in the west. In some parts of Africa there are cultural reasons why women are unlikely to obtain a key role in the near future. In Egypt for example, where 90% of the populations is Muslim, women account for 24% of the labour force, even though they have the right to education. This is true across North Africa where women amount for less than 25% of the work force. [1] Just because there is clearly a large amount of potential being wasted here does not mean that is going to change. Women often have few political or legal rights and so are unlikely to be able to work as equals except in a very few professions such as nursing or teaching. [1] International Labour Organisation, ‘Labour force, female (% of total labor force)’, data.worldbank.org, 2009-2013,
|
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro03b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-pro01a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con03a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro01b",
"training-environment-aelmmhbahr-pro03a",
"training-philosophy-lsfhwnhc-pro06a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con01b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro02b",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro04b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con02b",
"training-society-ghbfsn-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro02a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro05b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro01a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-con02a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con02b",
"training-society-ghbfsn-pro02a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con03b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con03b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro03a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro01b",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-pro01b",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-pro03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro04a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro03a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03b",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro04a",
"training-society-ghbfsn-con03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con01a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-con02a",
"training-economy-eigsim-pro02a",
"training-politics-oapglvsghw-pro03a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro01a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con05a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro02b",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro05a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-pro04a",
"training-politics-dwsghwawtpc-con03a",
"test-society-mmcpsgfhbf-con01b",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a
|
Africa's greatest needs are for infrastructure and education Africa’s greatest needs for development are infrastructure and education. Neither of these needs implies that women are about to become key to the African economy. Africa is severely deficient in infrastructure; Sub Saharan Africa generates the same amount of electricity as Spain, a country with one seventeenth the population. The World Bank suggests “if all African countries were to catch up with Mauritius in infrastructure, per capita economic growth in the region could increase by 2.2 percentage points. Catching up with Korea’s level would increase economic growth per capita by up to 2.6 percent per year.” [1] There are numerous projects to alleviate this deficit such as immense projects like the Grand Inga Dam in the Democratic Republic of Congo which could power not just the country but its neighbours too. [2] However if construction is the key to the future then this implies men are going to continue to have more impact as the construction industry is traditionally dominated by men. Africa has been making strides in education for women. Yet there still remains a gap. To take a few examples the youth female literacy rates in Angola 66%, Central African Republic 59%, Ghana 83% and Sierra Leone 52% is still lower than youth male literacy rates or 80%, 72%, 88%, and 70%. [3] And the gap often increases with further education. To take Senegal as an example there are actually more girls than boys enrolled in primary education, a ratio of 1.06 but for secondary this drops to 0.77 and to 0.6 for tertiary. The situation is the same in other countries; Mauritania 1.06, 0.86, 0.42, Mozambique, 0.95, 0.96, 0.63, and Ghana 0.98, 0.92, 0.63. [4] With women not breaking through to the highest level in education it is unlikely that they will be the main driver of the economy in the future. Their influence may increase as a result of increasing education at lower levels but without equality at the highest level they are unlikely to become key to their countries economic future as the highest skilled jobs and the roles of directing the economy will still be carried out primarily by men. [1] ‘Fact Sheet: Infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa’, The World Bank, [2] See the Debatabase debate ‘ This House would build the Grand Inga Dam’ [3] UNESCO Institute for Statistics, ‘Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24)’, data.worldbank.org, 2009-2013, [4] Schwab Klaus et al., The Global Gender Gap Report 2013, World Economic Forum, 2013, , pp.328, 276, 288, 208 (in order of mentioning, examples taken pretty much at random – though there are one or two where the ratios actually don’t change much such as Mauritius, but that is against the trend)
|
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02b",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-pro01a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02b",
"training-environment-cpiahwdwf-pro02a",
"test-international-atiahblit-con03a",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-con04a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con02a",
"training-economy-epeghwrar-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro01b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con03a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro01a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con03a",
"training-economy-eigsim-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con01b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con02b",
"training-international-aghwrpusvpa-pro03b",
"training-education-shwmlflcsp-pro03a",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-pro03a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con04b",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-con01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02a",
"test-religion-wcprrgrhbmi-pro01a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro02b",
"test-politics-pgsimhwoia-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con04a",
"training-society-fygspsmy-con04a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con04a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro02a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro03a",
"test-education-egscphsrdt-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro02b",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro02a",
"training-society-fygspsmy-pro04a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con03a",
"training-international-astshbghacn-con01a",
"test-education-udfakusma-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"training-economy-befhwimsc-pro05a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro04a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03b",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-pro02a",
"training-international-aghbuidrch-con01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-pro03a",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-pro04a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro02a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro02a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-con01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro01b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiasfihb-pro04a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a
|
Natural resources are key Africa has a very significant amount of resources that have not yet been exploited and put to good use. The continent has 12% of the world's oil reserves, 40% of its gold, and 80% to 90% of its chromium and platinum. Moreover, it is home to 60% of the world’s underutilized arable land and has vast timber resources. [1] Given the economic changes, and the recent continent’s economical upraise, Africa has now a real opportunity to capitalize on their resource endowments and high international commodity prices. [2] The major point is that Africa’s resources fuel the world. Commodities from laptops to cell phones, cars or airplanes, all are made from using minerals that come from Africa. For example, catalytic converters are fitted to cars in order to reduce air pollution. Platinum and rhodium are the key components, both resources found in abundance in Africa. Cell phones or laptops use parts made out of tantalum, which is exported from African countries such as Mozambique or Rwanda, and so on. [3] Africa is also the continent, excluding Antarctica, which is least explored so has most potential growth in raw materials. New explorations reveal much larger reserves than previously known. If these resources and wealth are well managed, in an efficient and equitable way, it could boost Africa’s economy, helping all categories of people, from women to children, offering jobs and generally raising the level of life on the continent. [1] Lopes, Carlos, and Tony Elumelu, ‘How Africa’s natural resources can drive industrial revolution’, CNN, 20 November 2013, [2] Economic Commission for Africa, ‘Making the Most of Africa’s Commodities: Industrializing for Growth, Jobs and Economic Transformation’, uneca.org, 2013, [3] Tutton, Mark, and Milena Veselinovic, ‘How Africa’s resources fuel the world’, CNN, 25 July 2013,
|
[
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01b"
] |
[
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con01a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro03a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con02a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro01b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro04a",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-con01b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro02a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con03a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con03a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro03b",
"training-international-amehbncag-pro05b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro02a",
"test-international-appghblsba-con03b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con01b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con01a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con04b",
"test-international-appghblsba-con03a",
"training-international-ahwweac-pro01b",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro05a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con02b",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-pro01a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro04a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro02a",
"test-international-appghblsba-pro01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-pro02a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03b",
"training-economy-epsosghbsas-pro01a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro04a",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-pro03a",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-pro01a",
"training-environment-cephwcear-con01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-con03a",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-con02a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-con04a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-pro04a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con04b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02b",
"test-international-siacphbnt-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-pro03a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con02a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro04b",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-con01a",
"training-international-aghwaucsa-pro03a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"training-environment-eegwiahbe-pro02a",
"training-international-aghwaucsa-pro03b",
"training-environment-cpiahwdwf-pro02a",
"training-environment-cpiahwdwf-pro04a",
"training-health-ssiahrgmhwc-pro03b",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-pro01a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-con02b",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-con03a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con03a",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-pro01a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro03a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro03b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro01a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-pro01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"validation-international-ahbiataucs-con03a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro03b",
"test-international-appghblsba-con01a",
"validation-international-ahbiataucs-con01a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro04b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con03a",
"training-international-aghwaucsa-con01a",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-pro03b",
"training-international-aghwrpusvpa-con03a",
"training-health-ssiahrgmhwc-con02a",
"training-international-astshbghacn-pro04a",
"validation-international-ahbiataucs-con03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"test-environment-aiahwagit-con01a",
"training-international-mciahbncb-pro03a",
"training-international-athwuhfto-pro02a",
"training-health-ssiahrgmhwc-con03a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-con03b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a
|
Each man has a right to private property The right to own property is central to man's existence since it ensures him of his independence of survival. It provides a means to sustain himself without relying on others inasmuch as he has control over a property and can make a living from it. However in order to acquire property the person must gain it from his own labour, if he takes the fruit of someone else's labour without consent that would be plain stealth. However, this is not the only requirement which must be fulfilled in order to gain property: imagine a scenario where I pour out tomato juice into the ocean, I have mixed my own labour with nature and made an "own" creation, but could it be said that the ocean is my property? Most people would certainly say no and therefore one of the following two provisos must also be met before one can fully acquire property: 1. It does not impact on others chance of survival/ comfort of life 2. Leaves the others better off than before. Let us presume that we have a wasteland which generates very little harvest since it is uncultivated. If I privatise and cultivate a bit of this land it will generate more harvest since I have put work effort in it. Presuming that the privatisation does not leave the others worse off than before e.g. there is plenty of other wasteland they can cultivate on their own and does thus not harm anyone else's opportunities/chances to cultivate their own land, privatisation is allowed for the individual good. Alternately, others are better off if they do not have the skill to cultivate land themselves and can lease their labour working on my privatized land, they would win on the deal since the wage I pay them would be better than what they would have gained on their own1/2. 1 Locke, J. (n.d.). Chapter. V. Of Property. Constitution Society. Retrieved June 7, 2011 2 Nozick, R. (1974). Anarchy State and Utopia (pp. 54-56, 137-42). Basic Books.
|
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro03a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01b",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro01a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-fchbcuilre-pro03a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"training-philosophy-pppghwblro-pro01b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro05a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"test-society-asfhwapg-con02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-iphwclcp-con01a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro03a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con03a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-pro05a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-iphwclcp-con04a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con02b",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-con01a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
"test-law-rmelhrilhbiw-con01a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-pro04a",
"training-international-mehrilsim-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-bphbemsbp-con01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-international-glilhbmai-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-pro01a",
"training-international-mehrilsim-con03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-bphbemsbp-con03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-fkhsdsbpmk-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-piidfiphwu-pro01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-con03a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-pro01a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01a",
"training-international-aglilhwccf-con01b",
"test-philosophy-elhbrd-con04a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-radhbsshr-pro01a",
"training-international-mehbcbiapts-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro05b",
"test-law-thgglcplgphw-pro03a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03a",
"training-environment-aelmmhbahr-con03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro04a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01b",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con01a",
"training-law-tllgrhwds-con03a",
"training-economy-befhwimsc-pro04a",
"test-philosophy-elhbrd-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-piidfiphwu-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-con05a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con03a",
"training-law-tllgrhwds-pro01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"test-international-gmehbisrip1b-con01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04b",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-con05a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03a",
"training-philosophy-iilepphbf-con02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-elkosmj-pro03a",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-pro01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01b",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"test-philosophy-apessghwba-pro03a",
"training-environment-assghbansb-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con04a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01a
|
The market should determine the price of products and services A free market gives the power to the people to choose and decide what products and services should be offered to them. If many people want the same thing the demand will be higher and it will be profitable to offer them on the market since it will sell, therefore the people are in command of what products are being offered to them through their own want. The market is thus decided upon what people need and therefore there will be no excess products or services offered e.g. let us presume that many people want to see high quality basketball, a person like Michael Jordan who has a talent for basketball and has honed his basketball skills would in this case be much in demand. People are ready to pay for the service he offers (excellent basketball) and consequently his high wage will be justified. On the other hand a mediocre basketball player would not be paid at all since there is no demand to see mediocre basketball, his service does not have an attraction on the market and will thus be eliminated1/2. This is all part of what could be called a "dynamic capitalist system" which values individuality (honing your basketball skills), rewards ability (having basketball skills) and risk-taking (risking that you will succeed with it). 1 Adam Smith. (n.d.). The concise Encyclopedia of Economics. Retrieved June 20, 2011 2 Nozick, R. (1974). Anarchy State and Utopia (pp. 54-56, 137-42). Basic Books.
|
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con03a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03b",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01a",
"training-culture-cgmmcthbrt-con01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-pro01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro03a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"training-digital-freedoms-phwbtoabup-pro01a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro03a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehbwdsot-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-con01a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro03b",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro02b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-phwbtoabup-con03a",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-con01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro05a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro04a",
"training-sport-tshwipclaf-con03b",
"validation-science-cihbdmwpm-con02b",
"validation-education-shwmsems-pro01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con02a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con02a",
"training-economy-ehbusbmwtwm-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-pro01a",
"training-science-ciidffehwa-pro02a",
"test-health-dhpelhbass-pro01a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-pro02a",
"training-health-mthwhwbpd-con01a",
"training-politics-ghsdltwt-pro01b",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-phbplpfsbop-pro01b",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-pro02b",
"training-society-fygspsmy-con03b",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-con02a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-pro01a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-con03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-sport-ehcpssohwpup-con03b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02a",
"training-health-hpessghwgt-con03a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con03b",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-con01a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro02a",
"training-sport-mosgtshwawcs-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-phwbtoabup-con01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro02a",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-pro01a",
"test-law-sdiflhrdffe-pro03a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-con02a",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-pro02b",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"training-education-eguhwefpgu-pro02a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01b",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-pro03a",
"training-education-ulghblqwc-con01a",
"training-politics-ghsdltwt-pro01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a
|
The capitalist society enhances personal freedom The Western democratic capitalist system protects individual's rights and liberties through freedom from of interference by other people. Mature adult citizens are believed to have the capacity to choose what kind of life they want to lead and create their own future without paternalistic coercion from the state (Berlin, 1958). The capitalist society's ideals could perhaps be best exemplified with the American dream where everyone has an initial equal opportunity to reach their full potential, each individual being choosing their own path free from external coercion,. James Truslow Adams defines the American Dream as the following in 1931 "life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement"1. The current President of United Stated Barack Obama is a typical example of a person who has achieved the American dream. Barack Obama did not start his life with a traditional "fortunate circumstance" previous presidents had enjoyed (e.g. George Bush). Nevertheless he succeeded in transcending his social class, his race etc. and became the president of United States2. Thus capitalism provides everyone with a fair chance to reach great achievements in their life if they seize the opportunities. 1 James Truslow Adams papers, 1918-1949. (n.d.). Columbia University Library. Retrieved June 7, 2011 2 Barack Obama is the American Dream writ large. (2008). Mirror. Retrieved June 7, 2011
|
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-politics-eapvovrdcfu-pro01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehbwdsot-pro02a",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-pro01a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01b",
"validation-international-ggsurps-con04a",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-con03a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con01a",
"test-health-dhpelhbass-con02a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"training-international-alhrpsgmhb-pro03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro03b",
"test-health-dhpelhbass-pro01a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"training-religion-msgfhwagcm-con03a",
"training-politics-ghsdltwt-pro01a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-con02a",
"training-philosophy-iilepphbf-pro03a",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01b",
"training-free-speech-debate-ifcidffe-pro02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-pro01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"validation-society-gihbsosbcg-pro01a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro05a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01a",
"training-politics-eapvovrdcfu-pro02a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03a",
"training-science-cpesgguhwe-con03a",
"training-culture-tpghwam-con01a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro03a",
"training-sport-ehcpssohwpup-con02a",
"training-law-hrpthwuuavs-con04a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro05a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"validation-digital-freedoms-phbphnrp-con02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-radhbsshr-pro03a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-pro04a",
"training-international-aeghbltcbra-pro01a",
"validation-digital-freedoms-phbphnrp-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02b",
"training-free-speech-debate-bphbemsbp-con03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-con03a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-pro02b",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-lsgsgfhbpsb-con02b",
"test-education-usuprmhbu-con01b",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01a",
"training-international-gmepwhbuil-con02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-phbplpfsbop-con01a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro03b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-pro03b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-con02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-sfydfphwap-pro01b",
"training-law-cpshbsdcc-pro03b",
"training-politics-lvhwhauppsd-con01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-radhbsshr-pro01a",
"test-education-usuprmhbu-pro01a",
"training-science-ncpshwlucpc-con01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-law-tllgrhwds-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"training-education-egpeupdw-con01a",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-con02b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con02a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"validation-digital-freedoms-phbphnrp-con03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a
|
Incentive in form of profit benefits society as a whole The strongest motivational force a human being can feel towards work is a potential reward for their effort, therefore those who work hard and contribute most to society should justly also gain the most in form of increased wealth (e.g. private property). When work is uncoupled from reward or when an artificial safety net provides a high standard of living for those who do not work, society as a whole suffers. If those who work will benefit equally as the ones who do not there will be no reason to work and the overall productivity will be lowered, which is bad for society. Incentives are therefore necessary since it increases the overall standard for the whole society in form of material wealth, the fact that individuals are driven to succeed and earns what is rightfully theirs is thus in all our interest. With an overall higher productivity even the worst off may benefit more than they would have if the productivity had been low e.g. through charities etc.1/2/3/4 1 Rawls, J. (1999). A theory of justice (Rev.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2 Bradford, W. (1856). History of Plymouth plantation. Little, Brown and company. 3 Nozick, R. (1974). Anarchy State and Utopia (pp. 54-56, 137-42). Basic Books. 4 Perry, M. J. (1995). Why Socialism Failed. University of Michigan- Flint, Mark J Perry?s personal page.
|
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-npppmhwup-pro01a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-con01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con01b",
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"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con04a",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-pro03a",
"training-culture-aeuhbdcaal-pro01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-con03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-iilepphbf-pro03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con03a",
"training-economy-beegshbtsb-pro04a",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-pro02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con02b",
"test-education-udfakusma-con01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con02a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-con01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02a",
"test-education-tuhwastua-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-pro01a",
"test-society-simhbrasnba-con03a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con04a",
"validation-education-shwmsems-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con04b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con02a",
"training-culture-aeuhbdcaal-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con01a",
"training-law-cplghwap-pro01b",
"training-environment-raceeghg-con02b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro03a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-con01b",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con03b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02b",
"validation-education-shwmsems-pro01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"test-education-udfakusma-pro01a",
"validation-digital-freedoms-phbphnrp-pro03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-environment-achbessbp-pro01a",
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"training-economy-befhwimsc-con01a",
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"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro04a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-iphwclcp-con01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-con03b",
"test-education-pstrgsehwt-con01a",
"training-international-aeghbltcbra-pro01a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"training-health-ahwba-con01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egppphbcb-con02a
|
Socialism provides a more sustainable way of living Capitalism always acts on the cost of nature and its ecological balance. With its imperative to constantly expand profitability, it exposes ecosystems to destabilizing pollutants, fragments habitats that have evolved over time to allow the flourishing of organisms, squanders resources, and reduces nature to the exchangeability required for the accumulation of capital. Socialism requires self-determination, community, and a meaningful existence. Capital reduces the majority of the world's people to a mere reservoir of labor power while discarding much of the remainder as useless. The present capitalist system cannot regulate, much less overcome, the crises it has set going. It cannot solve the ecological crisis (e.g. global warming) because to do so requires setting limits upon accumulation
|
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con02b"
] |
[
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03a",
"training-environment-achbessbp-con03a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"training-science-uhbmsf-con03a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro02a",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-con01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"training-science-euhwcface-con04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"training-environment-ogecephwgn-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04b",
"training-international-ghwfunb-con02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"training-education-udfakhwst-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"training-philosophy-eppppghwe-con03a",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-pro02a",
"test-international-gmehbisrip1b-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro04a",
"training-law-lgpcpao-con02b",
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"test-international-gmehbisrip1b-con01a",
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"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
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"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02b",
"test-society-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02b",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-con03b",
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"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwbawdh-pro04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-ifcidffe-con01a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-con03b",
"training-law-lgpcpao-con01b",
"training-philosophy-eppppghwe-pro04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro03a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-con02b",
"training-international-mehbjsbd-pro03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03b",
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"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"test-health-hdond-pro01b",
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"training-economy-epiasfihb-pro02b",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro02a",
"test-health-hdond-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-con02a",
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"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01a",
"training-international-agpwhouhmp-pro02a",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-con01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-law-cpphwlpvo-pro04b",
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"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro03b",
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"test-international-gpsmhbsosb-pro01a",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-pro01a",
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"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-con02a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro02a",
"test-international-glilpdwhsn-con03a",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-con02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egppphbcb-con03a
|
Socialism is a more secure system than the free market in Capitalism 'Credit bubbles' and resultant credit crunches (financial crisis) are inherent in the capitalist system. The economy undergoes a crisis whenever productive economic sectors begin to undergo a slowdown resulting in falls in profits. The recent crisis was caused due to the fact that there was an inflated investment in real estates. It was invested in with the purpose of keeping up profits which lead to a rise in the price of properties. Because of the increased price in property many people took out loans on their house and bought goods for the credit, thinking they could easily pay back their loans since their house would be more valuable at sale. However, since the rise of price was fabricated and not corresponding to an actual need (it was a bubble), house prices had to invariably go down at some point. When the prices eventually went down people could no longer afford to pay back what they had bought on their loaned houses and the installed payments were the trigger of the financial crisis. It could perhaps be said that the economy was surviving on money which did not exist (thereof the name 'credit bubble'). The result was that there were countless goods which no one could buy because no one could afford to pay for them, in turn this lead to a stagnation in the economy and hence to a crisis. A socialist system would not produce overconsumption since its aim is not profit but human needs, it would not have a reason to fabricate an investment for the sake of keeping up the profits and would therefore not cause a capitalist crisis1. 1 Roberts, M. (2008). The credit crunch - one year on. In Defence of Marxism. Retrieved June 7, 2011
|
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03b"
] |
[
"test-international-ipecfiepg-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
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"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-pro02b",
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"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01a",
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"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro02a",
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"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
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"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
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"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02b",
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"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro01b",
"test-politics-cpecfiepg-pro01b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01b",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-con02a",
"test-education-egtuscpih-con01a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"validation-international-ahwdsac-pro01a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con02a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"test-international-gmehbisrip1b-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01a",
"test-politics-cdmaggpdgdf-pro03a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
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"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro04b",
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"training-economy-feghwarasw-con04a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03b",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-con01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"validation-international-ehwlavpiems-pro03a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro01b",
"training-economy-befhwimsc-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03a",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-con03a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con02a",
"test-society-asfhwapg-con04a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-fkhsdsbpmk-con02a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a
|
Socialism leads to a more humane equal society The gap between poor and rich countries has never been as great as it is today, Warren Buffet's wealth was estimated to be a net worth of approximately US$62 billion in 20081, this while one in seven people on earth goes to bed hungry every night and 6.54 million children die of starvation and malnutrition every year2. The absurd inequality between people's wages is because of the capitalist system, since the capitalist's only aim is to generate profit there is no reason to keep anything other than a minimum wage for the workers. In a globalized world, rich countries can outsource industries to poorer countries where workers will not expect so high a wage. The lower the wages a capitalist can pay to the labourers, the more profit he can generate. A capitalist does not care whether his labourers' living standards are good, acceptable or bad (although he does want to maintain a level where the labourers will not die or rebel), as long as they deliver the work for the lowest wage possible3. Therefore a company CEO can gain an absurd amount of money since he will reap all the profit made from all the labourers in his company while the lowest worker in the hierarchy will only earn enough to survive. The ordinary worker does not have a free choice whether he wants to work or not since he is at such an inferior bargaining position that he has to accept the capitalist's offer in order to survive. According to socialism this inequality is atrocious, it can by no means be justifiable that an ordinary labourer who works equally as hard, or harder than a CEO should struggle for his survival while the CEO lives in unimaginable luxury. In socialism, production and wages are directed to human needs, there is consequently no need to maximise profit and thus this gross inequality would be evened.4 1 The World?s Billionaires: #1 Warren Buffett. (2008, March). Forbes. 2 Hunger. (2011). World Food Programme. Retrieved June 7, 2011 3 Engels, Frederick. (2005). The principles of Communism. Marxist Internet Archive. Retrieved June 7, 2011 4 Marx, K. (n.d.). Critique of the Gotha Programme: I. Marxist Internet Archive.
|
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con04a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04b",
"training-international-ghbssbupd-con03b",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"training-environment-assghbansb-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro01a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a",
"training-economy-befhwimsc-pro05a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02b",
"test-health-dhpelhbass-pro01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con01a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con03b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con04b",
"training-politics-oamepdgtwh-con03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-society-imassirucr-pro04a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"training-digital-freedoms-iphwclcp-con01a",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-con02a",
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"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con04b",
"training-society-imassirucr-con03a",
"test-politics-oepghbrnsl-con03b",
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"validation-politics-glvhwetleb-pro02a",
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"training-society-iasihbmubf-pro01b",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro02a",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"test-international-ghwcitca-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con02a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifdfaihs-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-con01b",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro02a
|
This ban would lower healthcare costs. The health problems that smokers experience cost taxpayers (where healthcare is provided by the government) or the individual (for private healthcare) a lot of money. Decreasing the number of smokers – as a result of a reduction in both “social smokers” (those who smoke when out with friends) and “passive smokers” (those who do not smoke themselves but are exposed to the second-hand smoke of others) – will lead to a decrease in these healthcare costs. This has been reported – for example – in Arizona, where a study found that hospital admissions due to diagnoses for which there is evidence for a cause by smoking have decreased since the statewide smoking ban, and that costs have thus decreased [1] . [1] Herman, Patricia M., and Walsh, Michele E. “Hospital Admissions for Acute Myocardial Infarction, Angina, Stroke, and Asthma After Implementation of Arizona’s Comprehensive Statewide Smoking Ban. American Journal of Public Health. 101(3). March 2011.
|
[
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro03a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro03b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro01b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro01a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con03b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01b",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro03a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con02b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con01b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con03a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con02a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro04b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con03a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro04a",
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"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro02b",
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"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con02a",
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"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro05a",
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"training-education-dgegihwbsvv-pro03b",
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"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro01a",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-pro01a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05a",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-pro01a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro03b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con03a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02a",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-con03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"training-health-ahwba-pro03a",
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"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con04b",
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"training-international-glhrsimhw-pro03a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con04a",
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"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-con01b",
"training-education-uhwecpuu-pro02b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro01a
|
Exposing non-smokers to second-hand smoke goes against their rights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (a list of rights to which the United Nations has declared that all human beings should be entitled) states that "Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family"1. More than 50 studies carried out worldwide have found that people are at an increased risk of lung cancer if they work or live with somebody who smokes2. Given these very serious health risks, it goes against people's human rights to be exposed to second-hand smoke when they have not chosen to breathe it in. To avoid this happening, smoking should be banned in public places, so that non-smokers can be sure that they will not have to breathe in second-hand smoke. 1 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights', General Assembly of the United Nations, 2 'Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking', World Health Organisation, Vol.83, 24 July 2002,
|
[
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro01b"
] |
[
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"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con01b",
"training-society-imassirucr-pro01a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro01b",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-pro05a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro03a
|
This ban would encourage smokers to smoke less or give up smoking altogether. Not being able to smoke in public will make it more difficult for smokers to keep up with their habit. For example, if they are no longer able to smoke in the pub, smokers would have to go outside – possibly in the rain or other uncomfortable weather – and be away from their non-smoking friends every time they wanted to have a cigarette. So, a smoking ban would encourage smokers to smoke less frequently and maybe even give up. This can be seen in countries already with smoking bans. For example, a study in England found that in the nine months after the smoking ban was introduced, there was a 5.5% fall in the number of smokers in the country, compared to the much lower fall of 1.6 % in the nine months before the ban [1] . This can only be a good thing, since giving up smoking decreases the risk of death, even for those suffering from early stage lung cancer [2] . [1] Daily Mail. “Smoking ban spurs 400,000 people to quit the habit.” Daily Mail. 4 July 2008. [2] Parsons, A., Daley, A., Begh, R., and Aveyard, P.. “Influence of smoking cessation after diagnosis of early stage lung cancer on prognosis: systematic review of observational studies with meta-analysis.” British Medical Journal. 340. 21 January 2010.
|
[
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro03b"
] |
[
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"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro03b",
"training-health-ahwba-con03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro04a
|
This ban would be easy to introduce. A ban in all public places would be no more difficult to introduce than existing bans preventing smoking in only some public places. As long as people are given plenty of notice of changes, as was done in airports in Saudi Arabia, and the rules are made clear and readily available1 there should be few difficulties in introducing this ban. 1 Smith, Louise. “Smoking in public places: the ban in force – Commons Library Standard Note.” Parliament. 20 May 2011.
|
[
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro04b"
] |
[
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"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-pro03b",
"test-religion-grcrgshwbr-pro03b",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bhahwbsps-con02a
|
Smokers have a right to enjoy themselves. Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that "All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood"1. So, smokers have the same rights as non-smokers and should not be targeted because of how they choose to live their lives. Article 24 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that "Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay" 1.If some people get their rest and leisure by smoking with friends in a pub, it seems that governments should make it possible, by at least having smoking areas in pubs, restaurants, etc. A ban on smoking in all public places would mean smokers could never enjoy themselves like they want to, at least not legally. There are many groups which feel that the rights of the smoker are being ignored, e.g. "Forest". 1 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, General Assembly of the United Nations,
|
[
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con02b"
] |
[
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"training-international-mehrilsim-pro03a",
"test-philosophy-elhbrd-con02a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro01a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro02a",
"training-education-eghwbsuj-pro05a",
"validation-politics-pggsghwip-con01a",
"test-law-hrilpgwhwr-con03b",
"test-international-gpsmhbsosb-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-apessghwba-con01a",
"test-politics-dhbanhrnw-con02a",
"validation-society-gihbsosbcg-con04a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-pro02a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro05a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bhahwbsps-con03a
|
This ban would put many pubs, clubs, etc. out of business. If smokers are not allowed to smoke in pubs, they will not spend as much time in them, preferring to stay at home where they can smoke with their friends. This will put many pubs out of business. In fact, since the smoking ban was introduced in the UK, many pubs have closed and blamed their loss of business on the smoking ban1. The Save Our Pubs & Clubs campaign estimates that the smoking ban in the UK is responsible for 20 pub closures a week2. This is an unfair consequence for the many pub-owners across the world. 1 'MPs campaign to relax smoking ban in pubs', BBC News, 29 June 2011, 2 'Why we want government to amend the smoking ban', Save Our Pubs & Clubs,
|
[
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro04b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con03b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con03a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con02a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro03a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro02b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro03b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro01b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con01a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro02a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con01b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro01a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro04a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro02a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con02b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con02a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro05a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con02b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro03a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro02b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con01a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro04b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro04a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03a",
"training-health-ahwba-con02a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro04a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con01b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro05b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro02a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-apessghwba-pro04b",
"test-philosophy-apessghwba-pro02b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro01b",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-pro01a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro03a",
"validation-education-eggrhwbfs-con01a",
"training-society-gmhbztpgtf-con02b",
"test-philosophy-apessghwba-pro01a",
"test-philosophy-apessghwba-con01a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro01a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con01b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03b",
"test-science-nsihwbtiss-pro04a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con03b",
"test-philosophy-apessghwba-pro04a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-con01a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con03a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con04b",
"training-sport-ehcpssohwpup-pro01b",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-con04a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro03b",
"test-health-ppelfhwbpba-con01b",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con03a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-pro01b",
"test-religion-grcrgshwbr-pro01b",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro01b",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-pro02b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro03a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro02b",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-con01b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03b",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-con03a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro03b",
"training-culture-amcghbmgvaw-pro04a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con02a",
"test-health-ppelfhwbpba-pro04b",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con02a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-pro04a",
"training-environment-cpiahwdwf-con03a",
"test-culture-mmctyshwbcp-con03a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con01a",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-pro03a",
"training-sport-tshwiropf-con01b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con02a",
"test-philosophy-elkosmj-con03b",
"test-education-egscphsrdt-pro02b",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-con01b",
"test-philosophy-elkosmj-con06a",
"test-law-cplglghwbhwd-pro03b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01a",
"training-philosophy-eppprfmhb-con02a",
"training-law-cphwusbaw-pro01a",
"test-science-ciidfaihwc-pro01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02b",
"test-law-tahglcphsld-con02a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-con05b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-con05a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05a",
"test-culture-mmctyshwbcp-con02a",
"test-philosophy-elkosmj-con06b",
"training-health-ahwba-con03a",
"test-law-cplglghwbhwd-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bhahwbsps-con01a
|
This ban would be difficult to enforce. Given the popularity of smoking, a ban on smoking in all enclosed public places would be difficult to enforce, requiring constant vigilance by many police officers or security cameras. It has been reported that smoking bans are not being enforced in Yakima, Washington 1, Atlantic City2, Berlin 3and other places. In New York City, the major has said that the New York Police Department (NYPD) are too busy to enforce the ban on smoking in their parks and on their beaches, and that the job will be left to citizens4. 1. Guenthner, Hayley, 'Smoking Ban Difficult to Enforce in Yakima', KIMA TV, 1 April 2011, 2. Sajor, Stephanie, 'Smoking Ban Not Enforced at Atlantic City Casinos', ThirdAge.com, 25 April 2011, 3. AFP, 'Smoking Ban not Enforced in Parts of Germany', Spiegel Online, 2 July 2008, 4. 'NYC Smoking Ban In Parks Will Not Be Enforced By NYPD: Mayor', Huffington Post, 2 November 2011,
|
[
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con01b"
] |
[
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con02a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro03a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro02a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro03a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con02b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro04a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con03a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro02a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con03a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro03b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro04b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con03b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro01a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro01b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro02b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con03b",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con02a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro05a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro03b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro03a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con02b",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-pro04a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro02b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con01b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro04a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con01a",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-con03a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-con04a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro04b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro05b",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con04a",
"training-law-cphwusbaw-pro02a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro02a",
"test-culture-mmctyshwbcp-pro06a",
"test-science-nsihwbtiss-pro04a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-pro02a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-con01a",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-pro02a",
"training-law-cphwusbaw-pro03a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-pro01a",
"training-religion-frgsbnaofcs-pro04a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-pro02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con02a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro01a",
"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con02a",
"test-law-cplglghwbhwd-pro03a",
"training-health-ahwba-con02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro02a",
"test-culture-mmctyshwbcp-con03a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-pro04a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro01b",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-con03b",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro02b",
"training-law-ilpwhbujufp-pro01b",
"test-politics-nlpdwhbusbuc-pro02a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con04a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-con01a",
"test-law-cplglghwbhwd-pro03b",
"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro02a",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-pro01a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-con02a",
"training-science-ncpshwlucpc-pro02b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro01b",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-pro03a",
"training-health-ahgshbcsbl-pro02b",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-con03a",
"training-sport-emgssghwfmdpa-con01b",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01b",
"training-science-ncpshwlucpc-con02a",
"training-health-ahwba-con04a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-con03a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-pro03b",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-con01b",
"test-health-ppelfhwbpba-con01b",
"test-culture-mmctghwbsa-pro04a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-con02a",
"training-culture-amcghbmgvaw-con01a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con03a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro04a",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-con04b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con04b",
"training-education-psthwbh-pro06a",
"training-sport-ehcpssohwpup-pro01b",
"test-law-cpilhbishioe-pro01b",
"test-health-ppelfhwbpba-pro04a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03b",
"training-education-dgegihwbsvv-pro01b",
"training-education-psthwbh-pro06b",
"test-politics-grcrgshwbr-con01a",
"training-religion-frgsbnaofcs-con02a",
"test-culture-mmctyshwbcp-pro04b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-con01a",
"test-culture-mmctyshwbcp-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02a
|
It is unfair to new members of EU Not only are the largest recipients of CAP western countries – France, Spain and Germany - also the payments per hectare of arable lands differ significantly between new and old members of EU. The new members of EU with their economies often struggling and more dependent on agriculture (as is the case of Poland, Bulgaria or Romania) need more monetary support compared to their western counterparts to produce food of same quality and be competitive in EU market. However, the payments for hectare of land vary from 500€ in Greece to less than 100 € in Latvia. [1] These different conditions undermine the EU’s ethos of fairness and equality of countries. [1] EurActive, ‘Eastern EU states call for ‘bolder, speedier’ farm reforms’, 14 July 2011,
|
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-con01a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02b",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-pro01a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03b",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro03b",
"test-international-emephsate-pro03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro03b",
"test-international-emephsate-con01b",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-con02a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro03b",
"test-international-emephsate-con02a",
"test-international-emephsate-con02b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-pro02b",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro03a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-pro01b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro01a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro03b",
"test-international-emephsate-pro02a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-con03a",
"test-international-emephsate-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03b",
"test-international-emephsate-pro02b",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-pro04a",
"training-international-eghwgepsusc-con03a",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-con03a",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-con01a",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-con02b",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con03a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro02b",
"test-politics-oepdlhfcefp-con02b",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01a",
"test-international-emephsate-con03a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro05a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro04a",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-con02a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con01a",
"training-international-epvepesio-pro04a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-con04b",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con01a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro02a",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-pro02a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03b",
"test-international-emephsate-con03b",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-pro01a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-con01b",
"training-international-aehbcvrflen-con01b",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro02a",
"training-international-eghwgepsusc-pro03a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-con02a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-con04a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01b",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-pro02a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-pro03a",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-con03a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con02a",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-pro02b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con03a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-pro01b",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-pro04b",
"test-politics-oepdlhfcefp-pro04b",
"validation-politics-ghbfsabun-pro01a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-con01a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-pro03a",
"validation-international-ehwmepslmb-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03b",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-pro05a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-con01a",
"validation-international-ahbiataucs-pro02a",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-con01b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01a
|
CAP is costly and unfair to other industries Currently CAP costs the European Union approx. 40% of its whole budget. However, this money is used to provide subsidies for industry that only employs less than 5 % of workforce and creates less than 2 % of GDP. [1] We can easily assume that nearly half of EU’s budget can be used more effectively and can, instead, be used to support other, more potential industries which can boost the currently sluggish economic growth. Moreover, the subsidies for European farmers are so high they can contribute up to 90 % of farmers’ pre-tax income. [2] No other industry has such privileges – when European coal and iron industry became uncompetitive and needed to be slimmed down, the European union did not subsidise the industry to such degree even though such action could have saved thousands of jobs. [1] Charlemagne, ‘Milking the budget’, The Economist, 22 November 2012, [2] The Economist, ‘Europe’s farm follies’, 8 December 2005,
|
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01b",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-con01a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro03a",
"training-economy-epechbuwbbe-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con04a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro05a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02b",
"test-international-emephsate-con01a",
"training-international-amehbncag-pro02b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro02a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04b",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con05a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02b",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con04b",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con03a",
"training-environment-cephbesane-pro02a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro03a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"test-environment-chbwtlgcc-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-con03a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro03b",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con01b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-pro01a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con03a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiaghwpto-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"training-international-ghwfunb-con01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro01a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01b",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con02a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro04a",
"training-international-eghwgepsusc-pro03a",
"test-international-appghblsba-con03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con04a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro01a",
"training-environment-achbessbp-con02a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con01a",
"training-environment-ogecephwgn-con01a",
"training-environment-ogecephwgn-con01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"training-society-fygspsmy-con04a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03b",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con03b",
"training-health-ahwba-con04b",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"test-international-emephsate-con01b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01b",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con01a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-pro01b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro01a",
"test-international-gpsmhbsosb-con02a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-pro01b",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro04a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03a
|
It harms the economies of developing world The current model of CAP results in major oversupply of food and beverages. In 2008 the stockpiles of cereals rising to 717 810 tons while the surplus of wine was about 2.3 million hectolitres. [1] This excess of supply is then often sold to developing countries for prices so low that the local producers cannot cope with them. The low prices of European food can be attributed to the higher efficiency of producing food because of use of advanced technologies as well as the CAP. Agriculture makes a small fraction of GDP in Europe, but in developing countries of Africa or Asia it is entirely different with large numbers dependent on much smaller plots of land. Hence, the consequences of CAP and high production in the EU can be the rise of unemployment and decline of self-sufficiency of these affected countries. [1] Castle, Stephen, ‘EU’s butter mountain is back’, The New York Times, 2 February 2009,
|
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01b",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con03a",
"training-environment-cephbesane-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro03a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con03a",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-con01a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con02b",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04b",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02b",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-pro01a",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-pro04a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02a",
"training-education-udfakhwst-pro03a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-health-ahwba-con02a",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-con01b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro02a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01b",
"training-environment-raceeghg-con02b",
"training-environment-ogecephwgn-pro02a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02a",
"test-international-emephsate-con01a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro02a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro02b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01a",
"training-politics-oamepdgtwh-con03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro02a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-dfaihbssp-pro04a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"test-international-emephsate-pro03a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04b",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-pro02a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con03a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-con02b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-con03a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro02a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01b",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con05a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03b",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro01a",
"test-science-dssghsdmd-pro02b",
"test-international-emephsate-con01b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con03a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro03b",
"training-health-ahwba-pro03b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02b",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-pro01b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-con01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro03a",
"test-environment-opecewiahw-pro01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con03a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con03b",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02b",
"training-environment-raceeghg-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04a
|
It doesn’t serve its purpose (subsidies to larger farmers) The CAP as originally proposed was aimed to support small, local, family farmers which have difficulties with sustaining their business in competitive environment. The conference in Stresa in 1958 that helped define CAP’s objectives stated “Given the importance of family structures in European agriculture… all means should be taken in order to strengthen the economic and competitive capacity of the family enterprise.” [1] However, the current model of CAP gives direct payments to farmers according to area of their farms. That means that the major recipients of CAP are actually the biggest players in agricultural industry. According to Economist, 80 % of the subsidies go to 20 % of the richest farmers. [2] Therefore, the money is spent to support large companies and wealthy landowners who could easily compete in EU market even without such abhorrent support from EU taxpayers. [1] Knudsen, Ann-Christina, ‘Romanticising Europe? Rural Images in European Union Policies’, Kontur, no.12, 2005, p.52 [2] The Economist, ‘Europe’s farm follies’, 8 December 2005,
|
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04b"
] |
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con01a",
"test-philosophy-npegiepp-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03b",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro05a",
"training-economy-epechbuwbbe-pro01a",
"training-environment-achbessbp-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01b",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-con02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro03a",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-con02a",
"training-economy-epechbuwbbe-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"training-environment-ahwcb-pro02a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro02b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro04a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con01b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-pro03a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro03b",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-pro01b",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro04a",
"training-international-eghwgepsusc-pro03a",
"training-politics-yppplhbmlgl-pro01a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro03a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-pro03a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro03a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con04a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro01a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro04b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con04b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con04a",
"validation-international-ehwlavpiems-pro02a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con05a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con01a",
"training-environment-raceeghg-pro02b",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-con02a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro04a",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-pro04a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con03a",
"test-law-thgglcplgphw-pro03a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro03b",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro01a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro05b",
"test-environment-chbwtlgcc-con01a",
"test-international-emephsate-con03a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro01a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02b",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"training-environment-assghbansb-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro02b",
"training-international-epdghwcseu-con04b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro02b",
"test-international-emephsate-con01a",
"training-politics-oepvhwvseacd0-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-pro02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-con05a",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-pro03a",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-con01a",
"training-international-epgvhwhrum-con02a",
"test-international-epvhwhranet-con03a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02a
|
It protects rural communities People in EU are hard to convince that staying in rural areas and working as a farmer is a viable life choice. The profit is often low, the starting costs are high and work is hard. The income of a farmer is usually around half of the average wage in a given country and the number of these farmers fell by 20% in the last decade. [1] By having CAP we have an additional incentive for the people to stay in villages. The direct payments help the people with the starting of business, subsidies helps them to sell their goods at reasonable prices. The process of urbanisation is at least slowed and that, by extend, helps to preserve traditional culture of such communities and thus diversity of European culture itself. [1] Murphy, Caitriona, ‘Number of EU farms drops 20pc’, Independent, 29 November 2011,
|
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04b",
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"training-environment-achbessbp-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con02b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro04a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con03a",
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"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro04a",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-pro03a",
"training-environment-ahwcb-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"test-international-emephsate-con01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-con01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro02a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con04a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
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"training-international-eppgglghb-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con04a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03b",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-pro02a",
"test-politics-glgvhbqssc-con01a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro03a",
"test-culture-cgeeghwmeo-pro03b",
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"test-culture-cgeeghwmeo-con03a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro02a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-pro01b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro03b",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-pro01a",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-pro01a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01b",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-con02a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-con01b",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro01a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-pro02a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-ifcidffe-pro01a",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-pro04a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con01b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con03b",
"validation-international-epgwhwlcr-pro03a",
"validation-international-aghwgcprp-con01a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-con03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"validation-international-alhrhbushdmd-con02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-con01a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-con04b",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con03b",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro02a",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-con02a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con02a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
"training-philosophy-lsgsgfhbpsb-con03b",
"training-international-ghbssbupd-con03a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con03a",
"test-politics-gvhwhnerse-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-con02a",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-con02b",
"validation-international-ephbesnc-pro01a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con01a",
"training-law-cpphwlpvo-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro04a",
"training-environment-ahwcb-con04a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-pro02b",
"training-international-elilhwdsa-con03a",
"training-science-sguhwcm-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03a
|
CAP protects the quality of the food in EU The role of CAP is to produce food at affordable prices while maintaining its quality. By having policies which favour agriculture in Europe it is easier to control the quality of the food, maintain it and also support the diversity of the food produced in EU. [1] The goods imported from developing countries are often not produced under such scrutiny as are those in EU. In EU the quality standards of production are one of the highest – the hygiene, the amount of additives in products – all these are set and controlled by the EU. The result of it is that European citizens eat healthy food of high quality which is still affordable – mainly due to subsidies and payments obtained via CAP. [1] European Commission, ‘The Common Agricultural Policy A partnership between Europe and Farmers’, 2012,
|
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01b",
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"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02a",
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"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con02a",
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"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro01a",
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"test-international-emephsate-pro01a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro02a",
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"training-environment-cephbesane-pro01a",
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"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro01a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-con01a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro02b",
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"test-international-ehbfe-pro04b",
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"test-international-emephsate-con03a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con01a",
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"test-international-siacphbnt-con02a",
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"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03b",
"test-politics-oeplhbuwhmi-pro03a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro02b",
"test-philosophy-apessghwba-con04a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
"training-international-epvhwav1ep-pro03a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con01b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro01b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro01a",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-pro03b",
"test-education-pshhghwpba0-con04a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-con04b",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro02a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro03a",
"test-politics-oepdlhfcefp-pro03b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a
|
CAP maintains European food security The subsidies to agriculture are important for maintaining self-sufficiency to enable Europe to feed its own citizens. In the world of fluctuating markets, global climate change, commodity crisis such in 2008, the state intervention is even more important because that means that the needed goods can become unavailable. Without EU’s help the prices can fluctuate wildly which can be of concern mainly for poorer parts of EU, where the major part of household spending is still food and non-alcoholic beverages. To prevent this kind of situations only the continent-wide policy can be an effective measure. The markets of other countries can compensate losses from others and vice versa. The result of a secure supply of affordable food has been that the amount an average EU household devotes to food has halved since 1960. [1] [1] European Commission, ‘CAP – how much does it cons’ ‘Food Prices’, ec.europa.eu,
|
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03a",
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"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro03a",
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"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02a",
"test-international-emephsate-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con02b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con03a",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro01a",
"training-international-ghweunsc-pro01b",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01b",
"test-international-emephsate-pro03a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con04b",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-pro02a",
"test-international-epdlhfcefp-pro03a",
"training-international-epdtwhblew-pro01a",
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"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
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"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
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"test-international-epdlhfcefp-con02b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con02b",
"test-international-eghrhbeusli-pro01b",
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"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02b",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con01a",
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"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
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"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro01b",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro03a",
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"training-international-ehbesefe-pro02a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01a",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-con04a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con01b",
"test-religion-msgfhwbamec-pro02a",
"test-international-ehbfe-pro03b",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-con03a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"validation-international-ahbiataucs-con03a",
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"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"training-environment-ahwbsawhnbsf-pro04a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-con02a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro04a",
"training-international-eppgglghb-con01a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02a
|
There is ample precedent in the form of other “sin” taxes A sin tax is a term often used for fees tacked on to popular vices like drinking, gambling and smoking. Its roots have been traced back to the 16th century Vatican, where Pope Leo X taxed licensed prostitutes. [1] More recently, and with greater success, US federal cigarette taxes were shown to have reduced consumption by 4% for every 10% increase in the price of cigarettes. [2] Given the success achieved with uprooting this societal vice, which on a number of counts is similar to the unhealthy food one - immense health costs linked to a choice to consume a product – we should employ this tried and true strategy to combat the obesity epidemic. In fact, a recent study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine followed 5000 people for 20 years, tracking food consumption and various biological metrics. The report states that “Researchers found that, incremental increases in price of unhealthy foods resulted in incremental decreases in consumption. In other words, when junk food cost more, people ate it less.” [3] Thus leaning on the successful tradition of existing “sin” taxes and research that points out the potential for success of a similar solution in this arena, it should be concluded that a fat tax is an important part of a sensible and effective solution to the obesity epidemic. [1] Altman, A., A Brief History Of: Sin Taxes, published 4/2/2009, , accessed 9/12/2011 [2] CDC, Steady Increases in Tobacco Taxes Promote Quitting, Discourage Smoking, published 5/27/2009, , accessed 14/9/2011 [3] O'Callaghan, T., Sin taxes promote healthier food choices, published 3/10/2010, , accessed 9/12/2011
|
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
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"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro02a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con02a",
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"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con01a",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-pro03a",
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"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con04a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-con01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"training-health-bhhgwtnychrrs-pro02a",
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"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro02b",
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"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con01b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01b",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-con03a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
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"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con03a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03b",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-con04b",
"training-environment-ahwcb-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04a",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-pro02b",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-con03a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro03a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro02a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro03a",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-con03b",
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"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro04b",
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"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro02a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro04a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro01a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-con02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro03b",
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"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con03a",
"training-health-ahwba-con02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro01b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro01b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03a",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-con02a",
"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-pro01b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01a
|
An individual's BMI is no longer a purely personal matter The obesity epidemic is taking an enormous toll on global medical costs. In the US alone the health care costs attributable to either direct or indirect consequences of obesity have been estimated at $147bn. [1] Put into context, this amounts to roughly 9% of the health spending in the US. [2] The figure might seem excessive, but we need to remember that obesity is linked to Type 2 Diabetes, several kinds of cancer, coronary artery disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, asthma, chronic back pain and hypertension, to name just a few. We also need to realize that many of the diseases on this list are chronic in nature, requiring lifelong pharmacological therapy, which often follows complex and expensive diagnostic procedures, frequent medical specialist consultations, and not infrequent emergency interventions. [3] Adding to the list is the value of income lost due to decreased productivity, restricted activity, and absenteeism, not to mention the value of future income lost by premature death. Thus it becomes increasingly clear that due to the substantial cost obesity presents to the society, individual choices that might lead to excessive weight gain, can no longer be considered as solely individual in nature. [4] Therefore the government is legitimate in its action to introduce a form of a fat tax in order to try to dissuade the population from becoming obese and cover the increasing societal costs the already obese individuals are responsible for. [1] CDC, Obesity: Economic Consequences, published 3/28/2011, , accessed 9/12/2011 [2] RTI international, Obesity Costs U.S. About $147 Billion Annually, Study Finds, published 7/27/2009, , accessed 9/14/2011 [3] The Council of State Governments, Costs of Chronic Diseases: What Are States Facing?, published in 2006, , accessed, 9/14/2011 [4] Los Angeles Times, Should there be a 'fat tax'?, published 4/11/2011, , accessed 9/12/2011
|
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02a",
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"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01a",
"validation-health-dhwiftj-pro01a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
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"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro02a",
"training-health-hgwsytpsctpf-pro04a",
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"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-con01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro03a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro03a",
"training-health-ahwba-pro03a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro02b",
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"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro01b",
"training-health-ahwba-con01a",
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"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-con01a",
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"validation-society-gihbsosbcg-pro01a",
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"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
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"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04b",
"training-society-fygspsmy-con03a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con02b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-pro03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-fchbjaj-pro03a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro01b",
"training-international-ehbesefe-pro03a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con02a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-con03a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con01a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-con03a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro01a",
"test-law-thgglcplgphw-pro01a",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-pro04a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-con03b",
"training-health-mthwhwbpd-pro03a",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-con03b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01b",
"test-science-ciidfaihwc-pro03a",
"test-education-udfakusma-con04a",
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"test-economy-bhahwbsps-pro02b",
"training-digital-freedoms-dfaihbssp-con02a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-con02b",
"test-international-aghbfcpspr-pro04b",
"training-international-amehbncag-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"training-health-mthwhwbpd-con03a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro02a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03a",
"training-health-hgfhwbhc-pro01a",
"training-law-lgpcphwawtai-pro01a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro01b",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro02a",
"training-politics-oamepdgtwh-pro02b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"test-society-asfhwapg-con01a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03b",
"training-digital-freedoms-aihbied-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a
|
A fat tax levels out the playing field for healthier food An important reason why people continuously turn to unhealthy, fat, sugar and salt laden food, is the simple fact that it’s often cheaper than a more wholesome meal comprised at least in part of fresh produce. A study done at the University of Washington found that “when they compared the prices of 370 foods… junk foods not only cost less… but junk food prices are also less likely to rise as a result of inflation.” [1] A similar conclusion was reached by a group of Australian researchers, who found that the prices of healthy food have risen 20 per cent above inflation, while the harmful counterpart have actually dropped below inflation – as much as 20 per cent below. [2] Noting that obesity is more prevalent in groups of lower socioeconomic status, we find that the price of food is a substantial incentive for consumption. Thus it is only reasonable to levy a tax against unhealthy, fatty food in order to give healthy food a fighting chance. [1] Parker-Pope, T., A High Price for Healthy Food, published 12/5/2007, , accessed 9/12/2011 [2] Burns, C., The rising cost of healthy foods, published 10/16/2008, , accessed 9/12/2011
|
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03b"
] |
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"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro01b",
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"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro01b",
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"training-economy-epegppphw-pro01b",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
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"test-science-sghwbdgmo-con02b",
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"training-environment-ahwbsawhnbsf-pro04a",
"training-health-hgwsytpsctpf-pro03a",
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"training-environment-echbcatspct-con03b",
"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro03b",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a
|
A tax is not an effective instrument to fight obesity There are very legitimate concerns whether artificially increasing the cost of fatty food by specifically targeting it with a tax would have a significant effect on the obesity trend. In fact, research shows that a fat tax would produce only a marginal change in consumption – not the dramatic shift in public awareness the proponents of the fat tax are hoping for. The reason, LSE researchers believe, is simple: “those on the very poorest diets will continue to eat badly.” [1] Other than the economic reasons for such behavior, it could be argued that is also a thing of habit and culture: fast fatty food is quick, accessible and tasty. [2] Thus while a tax might be useful in reducing things such as the use of cigarettes – which are at heart an unnecessary “luxury” and thus more easily affected by the price – eating food, whether junk or not, is necessary. It also seems that the fast fatty kind of food is fulfilling a specific need, a need for a quick, tasty and filling meal, something people consider worth paying good money for. The fight against obesity ought to be multifaceted, complex and well thought out – and a fat tax is none of those things. We should approach the issue with more cunning and introduce other programs: such as increasing the availability of healthy food by introducing healthy vending machines; [3] increasing the amount of physics exercise by requiring it in school, improving possibilities for recreation and access to public transportation thus encouraging people to burn more calories [4] and, most importantly, proper education on the topic if we want to create lasting change. [5] [1] Tiffin, R., Salois, M., A fat tax is a double whammy for the poor – it will do little to prevent obesity in those on lower incomes, and will hurt them financially, published 9/2/2011, , accessed 9/12/2011 [2] Hitti, M., Top 11 Reasons For Fast Food's Popularity, published 12/3/2008, , accessed 9/14/2011 [3] Yara, S., Best And Worst Vending Machine Snacks, published 10/6/2005, , accessed 9/14/2011 [4] CDC, Recommended Community Strategies and Measurements to Prevent Obesity in the United States, published 7/24/2009, , accessed 9/14/2011 [5] Bunce, L., ‘Fat tax’ solutions ignore wider social factors driving junk food habits, published 8/16/2010, , accessed 9/12/2011
|
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro02b",
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"validation-health-dhwiftj-con02a",
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"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro02a",
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"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
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"training-health-hgwsytpsctpf-con02a",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-pro02a",
"training-health-ahwba-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"test-society-asfhwapg-con02b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con03a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con03b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04b",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-pro02a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro04b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03a
|
It hits the most vulnerable part of society hardest The practical consequence of an additional tax on what the government considers fatty unhealthy food will disproportionately affect the poorest part of the population, who often turn to such food due to economic constraints. These were the concerns that stopped the Romanian government from introducing a fat tax in 2010. Experts there argued, that the countries people keep turning to junk food simply because they are poor and cannot afford the more expensive fresh produce. What such a fat tax would do is eliminate a very important source of calories from the society’s economic reach and replace the current diet with an even more nutritionally unbalanced one. Even the WHO described such policies as “regressive from an equity perspective.” [1] Clearly, the government should be focusing its efforts on making healthy fresh produce more accessible and not on making food in general, regardless if it’s considered healthy or not, less accessible for the most vulnerable in our society. [1] Stracansky, P., 'Fat Tax' May Hurt Poor, published 8/8/2011, , accessed 9/12/2011
|
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
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"training-health-hgwhwbutffs-pro03a",
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"validation-health-dhwiftj-con02a",
"training-health-hgwhwilfepe-pro02a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
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"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
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"validation-health-dhwiftj-pro03a",
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"training-health-mthwhwbpd-pro03a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro01a",
"test-law-cppshbcjsfm-pro01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-pro02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01a
|
A fat tax infringes on individual choice Introducing such a tax would constitute an overstepping of the government’s authority. The role of government in a society should not expand further than providing basic services such as education, legal protection, i.e. only the services necessary for a society to function and for the individual’s rights to be protected. Such a specific tax is completely uncalled for and very unreasonable in the context of a fair society with a government that knows its place in it. Protecting the individual should go no further than the protection against the actions of a third person. For instance: we can all agree that governments should put measures in place to protect us from thieves, scammers, etc. But should it also protect us from frivolous spending? Limit us in the number of credit cards we can own? Tell us how we can invest our money? Of course not. But what this tax does is exactly that – it is punishing the citizens for a specific choice they are making by artificially inflating its cost. Thus it is clear that levying such a tax against a specific choice an individual should be able to legitimately make is a clear overstepping of the government’s authority. [1] [1] Wilkinson, W., Tax the fat, not their food, published 7/26/2011, , accessed 12/9/2011
|
[
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01b"
] |
[
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"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04b",
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"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
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"test-politics-eppghwgpi-pro02a",
"test-science-ciidfaihwc-pro02a",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-con04b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con01a",
"training-law-tllgrhwds-pro01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con03b",
"test-law-hrpepthwuto-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02b",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a
|
Small is beautiful: community empowerment Microfinance is empowering the communities that are using it - showing in development, small is beautiful. Communities are empowered to change their conditions. For example taking the case of savings - microfinance allows for savings. Half of the adults that saved in Sub-Saharan Africa, during 2013, used an informal, community-based approach (CARE, 2014). First, having savings reduces household risk. CARE is one of many organisations working in innovations for microfinance. At CARE savings have been mobilised across Africa by working with Village Savings and Loans Associations. Overtime, CARE has targeted over 30,000,000 poor people in Africa, to provide necessary finance. Savings ensures households have financial capital, can invest resources in education, health, and the future. Savings is security in livelihoods. Second, microfinance is providing key skills. Oxfam’s Savings for Change Initiative provides training on savings, and lending, to women in communities in Senegal and Mali. Evidence from Mali indicates startup capital provided has ensured better food security, women’s empowerment in the financial decision-making of households, and crucially, a sense of community bond among the women (Oxfam, 2013). Gender based violence within households may also be reduced [1] . [1] See further readings: Kim et al, 2007.
|
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b"
] |
[
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"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02b",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro04a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con01b",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro03b",
"training-international-glhrilhbunh-pro04a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"test-health-hpehwadvoee-pro04a",
"validation-health-pssahbmakfpu-pro02a",
"test-economy-bhahwbsps-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06b",
"test-philosophy-pppthbtcb-con03a",
"test-health-dhiacihwph-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-con02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02b",
"training-environment-cephwcear-con02a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro01a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"training-economy-epeghwrar-con01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con03a",
"test-international-appghblsba-con01b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"test-international-atiahblit-con03a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro05a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a",
"test-philosophy-elkosmj-pro03a",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro05b",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro05a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05a
|
Microfinance and protection Access to a small loan provides benefits for the poor’s ability to access high quality health care. A lack of access to banking facilities - loans and credit - may mean the poor are left excluded from health care services as these are usually not free. Microfinance institutions accept the irregularities of the poor’s income, so enabling health care to be affordable to the poor by providing access to finance. As Ofori-Adjei (2007) shows the integration of microfinance institutions within healthcare systems in Ghana is required to resolve the issue of inaccessibility. Ill health should not put a household into a state of poverty - microfinance provides this protection. Microfinance schemes not only provide loans to access health care but are now integrating non-financial services, such as health education, within their finance schemes.
|
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05b"
] |
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro05b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01b",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-con01a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro01b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-con02a",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-pro01a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-con01b",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con01a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03b",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-pro05a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con02a",
"training-society-fygspsmy-con03b",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro03a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro03a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-con03a",
"validation-international-ahwdsac-pro01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro04a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-con01a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01b",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-pro04b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con03b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con02b",
"training-society-imassirucr-con02a",
"test-education-pshhghwpba0-con03b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro02a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con02a",
"test-education-pshhghwpba0-pro04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro01a",
"training-education-eghhwmvc-pro01b",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro03b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro03b",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01a",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-con05b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con03a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con03b",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-con01b",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-con03a",
"training-law-lgsghwlp-con01b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-con03a",
"test-education-pshhghwpba0-con03a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro01b",
"training-health-ahghhwdsas-con03b",
"training-law-lgsghwlp-con04b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con03a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro02b",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro02a",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-con02a",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-pro02a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro02a",
"training-society-negsimhwso-con02a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con01a",
"training-environment-eegwiahbe-pro01a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro01b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro01b",
"test-education-udfakusma-pro01a",
"test-education-pshhghwpba0-con04a",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01a
|
A livelihoods approach The livelihoods approach provides a useful model to understand how poor people live [1] ; and remains important to recognising the benefits of microfinance. The provision of microfinance reduces vulnerability to shocks and changes such as losing a job; enhances people’s access to assets that they use and need (such as finance, friend networks, and land); and this fundamentally acts to change the lives of the poor. Microfinance provides social protection through tapping into social capital. Further, microfinance means aid is not simply provided, but the individual is taught valuable financial skills and given the means to sustain themselves for their lifetime. [1] See further readings: IFAD, 2013.
|
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro05b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con03a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro05b",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiasfihb-pro02b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro04a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro01a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con05a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro04a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro03b",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-pro04a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con04b",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro02a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro02b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con03a",
"training-international-appgglhbm-con02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-con02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiasfihb-con04a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-nshwcb-con01b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro02b",
"training-economy-epiasfihb-pro05b",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro01a",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro03b",
"training-law-apslpsyhwbbc-pro03a",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihwbasmn-pro01a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro02b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro04a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con02a",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con01a",
"training-economy-epiasfihb-pro04b",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-con01b",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro03b",
"test-science-cpisydfphwj-con01b",
"test-society-cpisydfphwj-con01b",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con02a",
"training-society-negsimhwso-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03a
|
Ending poverty through entrepreneurialism Introducing finance provides communities with access to startup capital. Access to financial capital is vital in several respects for initiating capitalism. Firstly, access to capital enables entrepreneurialism. The poor have business ideas that would benefit both themselves and their community they just require access to capital to invest in such ideas. The Initiative ‘Lend with Care’ is providing access to capital to empower entrepreneurs [1] . Secondly, the cumulative effect of small-scale savings and borrowing, enabled through microfinance enables individuals, families and communities, to enter markets - of land and property. Being able to buy property and land can enable personal security, dignity, and increasing returns. [1] See further readings: Lend with Care, 2013.
|
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03b"
] |
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05b",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro05a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro01a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro05b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con03a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-con02b",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-con01a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro03b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con02a",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"training-international-mciahbncb-pro03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con02b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro03a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro04a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-con02a",
"test-international-atiahblit-con03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-con02a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03b",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihbiahr-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03b",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-con04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"training-economy-epiasfihb-pro02b",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-pro02a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-con04b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
"training-education-udfakhwst-pro01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro03a",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-pro03a",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02a",
"training-international-mciahbncb-pro03a",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-pro01b",
"validation-free-speech-debate-fchbcuilre-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con01a",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-pro03b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con02a",
"training-international-mciahbncb-pro01a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihbiahr-pro03a",
"training-science-cidfiphwa-con02a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro02a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro04a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"test-philosophy-ippelhbcp-pro02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-oppelhsdp-con02a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con02a",
"training-economy-epeghwrar-con03a",
"training-philosophy-oppelhsdp-pro01b",
"test-digital-freedoms-aihbiahr-pro03b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04a",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro02a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro03a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro03b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con02a",
"training-environment-eegwiahbe-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a
|
Rebuilding agricultural systems Africa is faced with an agrarian crisis. Microfinance is providing rural communities a chance to gain food security and reduce vulnerability to risks such as climate change, unstable demand, and political tensions. Microfinance supports small scale agriculture – which is more sustainable, effective for growth, and beneficial for communities than larger scale agriculture. In Zimbabwe, small scale farming has the capability to improve production, benefiting households, communities, and the Nation (IRIN, 2013; Morrison, 2012). Kiva, a microfinance NGO, is providing affordable capital to remote communities. Loans have been provided to small-scale farmers and a rental system has been set-up enabling farmers to borrow tools and resources needed.
|
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04b"
] |
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro03b",
"training-international-ehbbsgier-pro03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-con02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro05b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con01b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro02b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro04a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-con01a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-pro02b",
"test-science-wsihwclscaaw-pro02a",
"validation-international-ehwlavpiems-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiasfihb-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-pro03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro04a",
"training-philosophy-pgppghba-con01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-pro02a",
"training-international-appgglhbm-pro02b",
"test-philosophy-eppphwlrtjs-pro04a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro04b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-con03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con02a",
"test-science-dssghsdmd-con01b",
"training-international-glilhbmai-pro01b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro03b",
"test-science-wsihwclscaaw-pro01a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01a",
"test-environment-chbwtlgcc-con03a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro02b",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01a",
"test-environment-aiahwagit-pro01a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03b",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-pro03a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro01b",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro03b",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-con03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-magghbcrg-con03b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"training-international-agdhwiafrk-con01b",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-con02a",
"test-science-wsihwclscaaw-con03b",
"validation-health-hpiahbps-pro02a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con04a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03a",
"test-science-sghwbdgmo-pro01a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03b",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con03b",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro03a",
"test-environment-aeghhgwpe-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilhwpwc-pro01a",
"training-politics-lvhwhauppsd-pro03a",
"training-politics-ghsdltwt-pro01a",
"test-science-wsihwclscaaw-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro02a",
"test-international-apwhbaucmip-pro02a",
"training-international-ghwascv-con04a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-con03b",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-pro04b",
"test-politics-gvhwhnerse-pro04b",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-pro01a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con02a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"validation-digital-freedoms-gthwaueai-con02a",
"training-environment-pwshwdotsc-con02a",
"validation-international-gsidfphb-con02b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02a
|
Deeper issues unresolved Microfinance provides a quick-fix solution for the poor. The individual, or community, is provided with a loan to invest in their future. However, although access to capital is a key concern for enabling entrepreneurialism it is not the silver bullet. Microfinance schemes will fail without providing a stable political and economic environment that makes a good climate to invest in. Microfinance is essentially short-termist. It encourages investment but only in things that will bring a quick return. With interest rates as high as 30% the person taking the loan needs to pay it back as quickly as possible. This can sometimes be against an individual’s long term interests, for example access to microfinance often reduces primary school attendance as this is a long term investment that will not pay back the loan money (IOE, 2011).
|
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02b"
] |
[
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro05b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con01b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro01b",
"training-international-mciahbncb-pro03b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01a",
"test-international-atiahblit-con03a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06b",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03a",
"training-economy-epiaghwpto-pro03a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-con01a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03b",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro02a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro04b",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro02b",
"test-international-aghwrem-con04a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro03a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con03a",
"test-international-atiahblit-con03b",
"training-international-mciahbncb-pro03a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con02a",
"test-international-atiahblit-con01b",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro02b",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03b",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con01a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro01b",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-con02a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01b",
"training-philosophy-pphsipd-con02a",
"test-international-atiahblit-con01a",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro04a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"training-law-cplghwap-con04a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con02a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifdfaihs-con03a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01a",
"training-economy-epeghwrar-pro02a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-con01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-pro04a",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con04a",
"training-digital-freedoms-dfaihbssp-con02a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro02a",
"test-economy-egecegphw-con03b",
"test-health-dhghwapgd-con04a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"training-economy-ehbusbmwtwm-con02a",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-pro02a",
"training-economy-epeeghbpw-pro03a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro01b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con04a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01b",
"training-economy-epiaghwpto-con02a",
"training-health-dhiahwivdp-pro04b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con01b",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwcs-con02a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03a
|
Debt cycles and the curse of microfinance Microfinance is incorporating free market ideologies and subprime (lending to those who may not be able to repay) lending at a smaller scale. Unstable crises’ form as a result, and debt is intensified for the poorest - of which are given access to credit they are not able to repay. This is a problem with all lending, microfinance is no exception. In India the pressures of microfinance repayment has become linked to suicide and early mortality (Biswas, 2010). The stress of looking for microcredit, and then how to pay it back, has created a crisis within the microfinance industry. Regulation is required on the microfinance organisation: controlling the distribution of credit and the use of threats if the individual defaults.
|
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03b"
] |
[
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro03b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro03a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con01b",
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"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro05b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro05b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06b",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro01a",
"training-sport-lsgtshwrps-pro01a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con03a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"validation-international-ehwlavpiems-pro03a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-con01a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-con03b",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro01b",
"test-politics-cpecfiepg-pro01b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-con01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro03a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-con01a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro01a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro02a",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-con02a",
"test-education-ughbuesbf-pro04a",
"training-environment-echbcatspct-pro01a",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro03a",
"training-economy-ecegiehbe-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro02a",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro04a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-con03a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-con01b",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro02b",
"test-politics-cpecfiepg-pro02b",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con01b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con03a",
"training-education-ulghblqwc-con01a",
"training-international-ipiasgfih-pro03b",
"test-culture-ascidfakhba-pro02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-pro02a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con02a",
"test-health-dhghhbampt-pro03b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03b",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"training-law-ucgllghwbg-pro03b",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-pro03b",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01b",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-con02a",
"test-politics-oapdhwinkp-con03a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con01b",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con03a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a",
"test-international-gpdwhwcusa-pro02a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwbawdh-pro03a",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-pro01a",
"training-science-ciidffehwa-pro03a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-con02a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con03a",
"test-law-lgplhbssbco-pro03a",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-international-ghwfunb-con03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-con02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fesngbunc-con02a",
"test-health-dhghhbampt-pro03a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01a
|
Realistic barriers There are significant barriers to introducing microfinance. Microfinance can’t reach everywhere; a lack of infrastructure, or poor infrastructure, can mean that microfinance initiatives often can’t reach where need is greatest. Those who are poorest most need money just to get buy, not to invest. They would be unable to repay even tiny loans. It returns to the question of who is the poorest, and what do we know about them - where they are, what they need, and why are they poor? Secondly, structural constraints limit the ability for microfinance to be sustainable and provide a long term solution. Bad governance, inadequate structures to regulate microfinance, and political instability, mean the theoretical benefits of microfinance may not become a lived reality. Thirdly, who is involved in the supply? The involvement of multiple actors - NGOs, communities, the state, and private sector, complicates how microfinance is being run and therefore the effectiveness. Tensions emerge with such partnerships as each actor has the different objectives and motivations.
|
[
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con01b"
] |
[
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con01b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro04b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-con02b",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-con03a",
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"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01a",
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"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro02a",
"test-economy-fiahwpamu-pro01b",
"test-international-eiahwpamu-pro01b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-pro06b",
"training-economy-epiasfhbac-con01a",
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"validation-health-hpiahbps-con02a",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-pro02b",
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"training-free-speech-debate-fsaphwacsl-con04a",
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"training-law-cplghrhwrgo-pro03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03b",
"validation-environment-rahwbuaosae-pro04a",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-con01a",
"test-international-atiahblit-pro02b",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro01a",
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"training-economy-tppphwift-con03a",
"training-environment-raceeghg-con02b",
"test-religion-cmrsgfhbr-con03a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro03b",
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"training-international-mehbjsbd-pro01a",
"validation-economy-tiacphbtt-con03b",
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"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03a",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-con02a",
"training-society-negsimhwso-con02a",
"test-politics-oepghbrnsl-con02a",
"validation-international-ghwipcsoc-con04b",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-pro04a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-con03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
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"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro03a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro02a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"test-international-siacphbnt-con01a",
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"training-economy-epehwacbr-pro02a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-pro01b",
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"training-economy-epeghwrar-con01a",
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"training-international-aghwaucsa-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fehwufafra-pro02a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro03a",
"validation-society-gfhbcimrst-con05a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04b",
"training-culture-cgpdhwecns-pro02b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro01b",
"training-politics-lvhwhauppsd-pro03a",
"test-digital-freedoms-eifpgdff-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-dfaihbssp-con02a",
"training-international-appgglhbm-con02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthwpffha-con02a",
"training-law-tllgrhwds-con04a",
"training-science-ciidffehwa-pro04a",
"test-culture-thbcsbptwhht-pro02a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con03a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwprhs-pro01a",
"training-politics-lvhwhauppsd-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02a
|
Historically Democrats have presided over more economic stability whereas the GOP is the party of boom and Bust During the past 60 years Democrats have been considerably more likely to preside over a balanced budget than their Republican rivals. Since the OPEC shocks of the mid-70s the average unemployment rate under Republican Presidents has been 6.7 % as opposed to 5.5% under democrats. Even expanding that period out to the whole of the post-war period, unemployment has averaged 4.8% under democrats and 6.3% under democrats [i] . Republican presidencies have been marked by higher unemployment, bigger deficits and lower wages. [i] Larry Bartels. “Why the economy fares much better under Democrats.” Christian Science Monitor. October 21st, 2010 .
|
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con01b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con01a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro02b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con01a",
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"training-international-amepdlvhb-pro03a",
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"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro02a",
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"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01b",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
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"training-politics-ghbrphliw-pro02b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-radhbrap-con01a",
"test-free-speech-debate-ldhwbmclg-pro02b",
"validation-politics-gvhwauec-pro01a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con01b",
"training-politics-ghbrphliw-con03a",
"test-politics-oapghwliva-con01a",
"training-politics-pggvhbophd-pro02a",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-con01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro01b",
"test-international-aghwrem-pro02a",
"test-international-gmehbisrip1b-pro02a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro01a",
"training-politics-lvhwhauppsd-pro01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con04a",
"training-international-gmepwhbuil-con01b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con01b",
"training-politics-pggvhwass-pro02b",
"test-politics-ghbgussbsbt-pro01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro01b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro01a
|
Bush squandered an extraordinary economic legacy on tax cuts for the wealthy and too expensive and unnecessary wars. The Clinton legacy was one of extraordinary economic health including an enormous $4,000 billion surplus. This could have been used to improve services and create jobs. Instead the Bush administration squandered this, mostly on tax cuts for the wealthy and two expensive wars. He turned the surplus on its head, leaving a budget deficit of $482 billion in 2009 with, frankly, not a lot to show for it [i] . [i] Andrew Taylor. “Bush Leaving Next President Record Federal Deficit”. Huffington Post. 28 July 2008.
|
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro01b"
] |
[
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-pro03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con01b",
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"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
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"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
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"training-environment-cehwirtrnp-con01b",
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"test-politics-oapghwliva-con02b",
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"training-free-speech-debate-fchbdeonl-con01a",
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"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
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"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
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"training-law-cpshbsdcc-con01a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro04a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro01b",
"training-international-aeghbltcbra-pro04a",
"training-international-ghwfunb-con02b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con03a",
"test-politics-oapghwliva-con03b",
"training-international-ghweunsc-con04b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03b",
"training-free-speech-debate-fchbdeonl-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro03a
|
Democrats focus on increasing wages, creating better consumers. Quality customers can only be created by paying people enough to allow them to purchase goods and services. You can create as many jobs as you like but if they’re created at a level where consumers can’t even afford to survive it does absolutely nothing to stimulate the economy. Instead Democrats believe in working with labour to ensure that wages are set at levels that both respect the worker and have a positive effect on the economy. [i] [i] Mark Pash, CFP_ wi8th Brad Parker. “Progressive Economic Principles: Creating a Quality Economy.”
|
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro03b"
] |
[
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
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"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02b",
"training-international-ehbsansaje-pro01b",
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"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro02a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro04a",
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"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01b",
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"training-international-seighweo-con03a",
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"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
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"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03b",
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"training-international-gsimhbnws-con04a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro02b",
"test-international-ghwcitca-con03b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-pro01b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con04a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con03a",
"training-economy-epeghwrar-con03b",
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"validation-economy-beghwarirgg-con01a",
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"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con01a",
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"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro04b",
"training-society-esgfhbhsbpt-con02a",
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"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro01b",
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"training-health-hghpghbus-con02a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con02a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro04a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con01b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"test-law-rmelhrilhbiw-con02b",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-pro02a",
"test-digital-freedoms-phwnaccpdt-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-dfaihbssp-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-nshbcsbawc-pro04a",
"test-international-segiahbarr-pro03b",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-con01a",
"training-economy-beegshbtsb-con01b",
"test-digital-freedoms-dfiphbgs-con03a",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con03a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthbtsbp-con01a",
"training-education-shbpshrpe-con01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro04a
|
Deregulation contributed to the banking crises and, therefore the 2009 economic crash It is clear that the economic meltdown was, in large part, caused by deregulation of the banking and financial sectors. The Republican obsession causes not only environmental damage and low wages but it doesn’t even succeed in its avowed aim of leaving the market free to generate wealth. In just a way of letting the parties friends in the boardrooms of corporate America to get even richer by gambling with the homes and pensions of ordinary, hard-working Americans [i] . The Congressional Republican response to the 2008 crash was to pass a bill that curtailed 38 environmental regulations, blaming the EPA for the stalled economy. Why is anyone’s guess. [i] “Why Government Becomes the Scapegoat”. Governemtnisgood.com
|
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro04b"
] |
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con02a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
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"test-philosophy-pppgshbsd-pro01a",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-con04a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-pro03a",
"training-politics-ghbrphliw-pro01a",
"training-international-ipeegiahw-pro02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-international-aegmeppghw-pro01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01a",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-pro01a",
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"test-international-ehbfe-pro05a",
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"validation-international-ahwdsac-pro01a",
"training-economy-beghwprsci-con03a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-pro04a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con02a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-pro03a",
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"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
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"test-economy-beplcpdffe-con04b",
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"test-education-usuprmhbu-con03a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01b",
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"training-environment-crasbmurcc-pro02a",
"training-international-ghwfunb-con01b",
"validation-economy-ephwcnhsrsu-pro03a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-con03a",
"training-politics-viwvfpps-con02a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-con02a",
"training-international-aghbusbh-pro01b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-economy-epehwacbr-pro01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro03a",
"training-economy-fegippghp-pro01a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-eptpghdtre-con02a
|
Republicans more enthusiastically support market capitalism A free market is at the core of many of the other freedoms we enjoy. When government gets too involved in the running of commerce – whether through taxation, regulation or the state ownership of companies, history has shown us that they start controlling other aspects of citizens lives in an effort to get the economic outcomes that they want. Corporations – along with organised religion – provide useful counter-balance to too much government power. As nice as it sounds that we should divert the wages of the rich to bring the poor up to middle class standards of living, it just doesn’t work [i] . [i] “Why am I a Republican?” Early Riser. 7 February 2006.
|
[] |
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro04a",
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"training-politics-eapvovrdcfu-con01a",
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"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-con03a",
"validation-politics-tsihsspa-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fesngbunc-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-pidfakhwnfawn-pro02a",
"training-free-speech-debate-esdbphwlfsr-pro01a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-pro02b",
"training-international-gsciidfi-con01a",
"training-international-ghbwg-con01a",
"training-digital-freedoms-gthbtsbp-con03a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[] |
test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a
|
“After three years, it is clear that President Obama’s budget-busting policies have not created jobs and have only added to our debt,” The Obama administration has been profligate with taxpayers’ money, has failed to deal with the economic crisis and has increased the debt. His policies on health care show that he is more interested in controlling people’s lives than he is in encouraging enterprise and industry. It’s the same story that is always heard from Democrats; they say that they’re interested in encouraging business but instead all they really want to focus on is getting the government involved in as many areas of life as possible – especially in the running of the market. After three years in office Obama has done nothing to improve the life chances of the American people, growth and employment have stagnated, GDP growth has been under 1% per year while unemployment is up to 9.1% from 7.8%, [i] while regulation and taxation have blossomed. [i] Kristol, William, ‘Weekly Standard: Obama No FDR ON Unemployment’, npr, 2 September 2011,
|
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b"
] |
[
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con01a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-pro02b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro01b",
"test-politics-cpecfiepg-pro01b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-pro02a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con03a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-pro01b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-pro03a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con01a",
"training-international-aeghbltcbra-pro01a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro01a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02b",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-pro02a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro01b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con01b",
"training-international-ghwfunb-pro03a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02a",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-pro01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"test-health-hgwhwbjfs-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03a",
"training-politics-oamepdgtwh-con01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con01b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-pro01a",
"training-education-ulghblqwc-con01a",
"test-international-ipecfiepg-pro01a",
"training-politics-viwvfpps-pro05a",
"training-international-amehbncag-pro01a",
"test-international-ghbunhf-pro01a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro03a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con03a",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-pro03a",
"training-politics-oamepdgtwh-con03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"validation-politics-glvhwetleb-con04a",
"training-politics-eapvovrdcfu-pro01a",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-pro03a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con03b",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro01b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a",
"training-philosophy-eppppghwe-con02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-con01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02b",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-con03b",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01a",
"training-law-hrpthwuuavs-pro03a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-radhbrap-pro03b",
"training-philosophy-pphsipd-con01a",
"training-philosophy-pphsipd-pro01a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con03a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro01a",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-pro03a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con02a",
"training-law-lgpcpao-pro03a",
"training-international-gmepwhbuil-con02a",
"test-politics-glghssi-pro03a",
"training-health-dhgamvs-con03a",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro02a",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-con02a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-pro02a",
"training-digital-freedoms-fesngbunc-con03a",
"training-international-eptcphbg-pro02a",
"test-free-speech-debate-radhbsshr-pro03a",
"validation-free-speech-debate-radhbrap-pro01a",
"training-economy-epecfhwie-con03a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro02b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con02b",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-con02a",
"test-international-ghbunhf-con02b",
"validation-international-atwhwatw-pro03a",
"test-politics-epvhbfsmsaop-pro01a",
"training-health-adhgphwfrs-con01a",
"training-international-ygiadwmhb-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"validation-health-aapdpglovr-con03a",
"training-international-amehbncag-pro02a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"validation-politics-pgvhwlacc-pro01b",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con01b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-con03a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-eptpghdtre-con01a
|
Republicans are the best at stimulating economic growth The tax cuts proposed by President Bush and passed by a Republican Congress ensured that real, after-tax income was up 15% by 2006. The Dow Jones hit record Highs during his time in office. These tax cuts were responsible for the creation of 6.6 million jobs, primarily in the private sector – real jobs producing real goods and providing real services not tax-payer funded sinecures to mask the reality of the economic situation. [i] [i] The White House, “Fact Sheet: Job Creation Continues – More than 6.6 Million Jobs Created Since August 2003”, 6 October 2006,
|
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con01b"
] |
[
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01a",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-con01b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro04a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro03a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro01b",
"training-economy-eptppppgh-pro03b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro01a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro02a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro02a",
"test-economy-bepahbtsnrt-con01a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con02b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02a",
"training-health-hghpghbus-con01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro04a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro05b",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con01a",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-pro03b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro03b",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro03b",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03a",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con02a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con03b",
"test-sport-ybfgsohbhog-pro02b",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-pro03a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-pro01b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04b",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-pro04b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05a",
"training-international-gsciidfi-pro01a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con01b",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro03b",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-con01b",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-con02b",
"training-philosophy-eppppghwe-pro01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro01b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-con03a",
"training-international-alcphbusr-con03a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con01a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro01a",
"test-economy-thsptr-pro02a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-con03a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-con02b",
"test-politics-glghssi-pro03a",
"test-politics-mtpghwaacb-pro02b",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro01a",
"training-economy-epehwpaja-pro02a",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-con01a",
"training-politics-ghbrphliw-pro02a",
"training-economy-tpvovrsugcsc-pro02b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con01a",
"test-economy-bepiehbesa-pro01a",
"training-economy-epiaghwpto-pro03a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con01a",
"training-politics-glgvhbprss-con02b",
"training-health-bhhghwapc-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"test-economy-eptpghdtre-con02b",
"training-economy-egppgghwgo-pro02a",
"training-economy-epiahbnhba-con01a",
"training-international-appgovrsus-con02a",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con02b",
"test-economy-thhghwhwift-pro01a",
"training-economy-tppphwift-con02b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con03a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro03a",
"training-philosophy-ppphwrbtcw-con03a",
"training-economy-epfthwpebd-con02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-pro01b",
"training-economy-tppphwift-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con04b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-con03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro03b",
"test-economy-thsptr-con05b",
"validation-economy-ecegthwspc-pro03b",
"test-education-pteuhwfphe-pro02a",
"test-economy-thsptr-con02b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02a
|
International labour and business standards go hand in hand with development standards and will de facto increase implementation levels What are international labour and business standards? They are globally acceptable methods of doing business and employing labour. These include Conventions Against Forced Labour [1] , Discrimination [2] and Child Labour [3] . These also form guideline structures for social policy such as labour dispute resolution bodies, employment services and good industrial relations. Therefore, this goes hand in hand with reducing poverty and increasing the standard of living of the employees, and hence the standard is a facet of development in itself. This helps in achieving the goals of a stable long term plan for economic growth as well paid workers are necessary for consumer spending. Employing higher standards would be a way to tackle the problems with distribution of aid at the grassroots and increase efficiency within the system organically. [4] The poorest countries invariably have the lowest standards of labour and business. It is essential to raise these standards to an international level, implementing standards against practices like child labour. If this is done then the purpose of development aid, which is to increase the day to day standard of living of the people, will improve. In an absence of such a pre-requisite, a developing country will be free to employ standards that do not reflect the same principles of the donor nation. Thus, to avoid a hypocritical scenario, this pre-requisite is necessary. [1] C029 - Forced Labour Convention, Adoption: Geneva, 14th ILC session, 28 June 1930, [2] International Labour Office, ‘Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention’, International Labour Organisation, 1958 No.111, [3] ‘ILO Conventions and Recommendations on child labour’, International Labour Organisation, [4] ‘How International Labour Standards are used’, International Labour Organisation,
|
[
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro02b"
] |
[
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con04b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro04a",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con01b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con02b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-con03b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro04b",
"test-economy-epehwmrbals-pro05b",
"training-international-seighweo-pro01a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03b",
"training-politics-dtwhbnhsa-con03a",
"test-economy-egppphbcb-con01a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02b",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro01a",
"training-international-agdhwiafrk-con01b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con02a",
"training-economy-ehbusbmwtwm-pro03b",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-pro02a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro01a",
"training-economy-beegshbtsb-pro03b",
"training-economy-bepeechbem-pro01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-con04a",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01a",
"test-economy-epegiahsc-pro01b",
"test-international-sepiahbaaw-con03a",
"training-society-gfyhbprcsao-con03a",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-pro02b",
"test-society-ghbgqeaaems-con01b",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-pro03b",
"test-society-tlhrilsfhwr-pro03b",
"test-economy-bepighbdb-con04a",
"test-politics-pgsimhwoia-pro03b",
"training-international-gsimhbnws-pro05a",
"test-education-tuhwastua-pro01a",
"training-international-aaghwsddf-pro03a",
"training-economy-bepeghbnmw-con04a",
"training-society-imassirucr-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro05b",
"test-economy-egiahbwaka-con02a",
"training-politics-pgghwbnap-pro02a",
"training-law-hrilsgihbes-pro04a",
"training-international-ahwweac-pro03a",
"training-international-seighweo-con01b",
"training-economy-epeshwimra-con01a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro04a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con01a",
"training-economy-feghbgft-pro03a",
"training-international-glhrsimhw-pro03b",
"training-international-seighweo-con03a",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-pro04a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro02b",
"test-economy-epsihbdns-con03a",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro01a",
"test-international-siacphbnt-pro01a",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con01a",
"training-international-seighweo-con02b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro03a",
"training-politics-yppplhbmlgl-pro01a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro04a",
"training-economy-epsfhwpusss-pro02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-con03a",
"test-international-bmaggiahbl-con02a",
"test-health-ahiahbgbsp-pro04b",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-con02b",
"test-education-tuhwastua-pro02a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro01b",
"training-environment-pscisghwbs3-pro04b",
"training-health-dssiahwlswo-pro02a",
"training-economy-epegppphw-con03a",
"training-international-epvhwav1ep-pro03a",
"training-international-ghbssbupd-con03b",
"training-society-ihwgaii-pro03a",
"test-education-tuhwastua-pro03a",
"training-health-fhhphwisu-pro04a",
"test-culture-tlhrilsfhwr-con02a",
"test-international-miasimyhw-pro04b",
"training-economy-feghwarasw-con03a",
"training-economy-egplhbbsa-con02a",
"training-international-seighweo-pro03a",
"test-economy-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-society-epiasghbf-pro02b",
"test-education-tuhwastua-pro01b"
] | null |
beir-bm25top100
|
[
1
] |
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