Quinn777/ViRL39K-GradeSchool__Science · Datasets at Hugging Face

answer stringclasses 193 values	category stringclasses 1 value	qid stringlengths 8 77	problem stringlengths 45 1.82k	id int64 56 38.9k
5	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-aa6c2453-d504-4917-8f4c-43106769f02b	<image> How many leaves does the flower have?	56
No	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-f1b548d3-1061-45c3-800d-47119e796dcb	<image> Are there any flowers with less than 6 petals?	73
3	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-75a57396-5a35-4c09-a11e-4343e4a32a7b	<image> How many leaves are attached to the stems?	1,283
3.73	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-95c74200-3028-407f-8dad-fac4ad4c28bd	<image> If the wedge is used to lift the post by 1.61cm, what is the ratio of the horizontal movement to the vertical lift?	1,552
2	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-1e923fbe-bb0f-49cb-ac93-af51bad6532a	<image> How many antennae does the butterfly have?	2,644
Acetone mixture	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-ba696ea7-521a-420d-a10f-8e454bad8a11	<image> Which mixture has a temperature above the freezing point of water?	3,074
3	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-b9c378ea-896c-4f36-b887-d7770ea8fa70	refer to the following information. An object of mass m is moving according to the graph above. Three students are actively discussing how the total displacement of the object could be calculated from the graph above. Student #1: First, find the average velocity for the entire trip by finding the sum of the initial and final velocities and dividing by two. Then, to calculate the displacement, multiply that average velocity by the total time for the entire trip. Student #2: First, I would calculate acceleration using and then calculate displacement using $a = \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t} = \frac{v_2 - v_1}{t_2 - 0}$ and then calculate displacement using $\Delta x = v_1 t + \frac{1}{2} a t^2$ Student #3: I would first find the displacement for the first part of the trip by taking $v_1 * t_1$ . Then, I would find the displacement for the second part of the trip by $\left( \frac{v_1 + v_2}{2} \right) (t_2 - t_1)$ . Then I would add the two displacements together. Discuss which of the students are correct, if any. Only answer the number of that student. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,367
-0.2	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-c79dec6c-5a21-4eb2-aa7b-4b8ccc3aa164	An experiment with a 550-g dynamic cart produces the following position versus time graph. Use the duplicate graph below, along with calculations, to estimate the velocities at the clock readings of 5.0 s. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,368
8.9	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-7f6231e8-e556-4a4f-bdfe-9d68c2415e41	refer to the following information. On October 14, 2012, Felix Baumgartner jumped from a helium balloon that had risen to the stratosphere, 39 km above the surface of planet Earth. The data table below displays a 28-second portion of the speed data from Felix Baumgartner's infamous jump.Calculate the magnitude of Felix's acceleration at clock readings of 22.0 s. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,369
8.5	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-dd6939c4-e1e7-4ebd-97a7-eb9baeaf22ed	refer to the following information. A 10-kg box starts from rest and slides down an inclined plane for 2.0 s as shown in the diagram above. The coefficient of friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.1. Calculate the force of friction on the box. <image>	5,370
4.1	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-86150184-f73a-4ca7-adc4-d4dfe9d3559c	refer to the following information. A 10-kg box starts from rest and slides down an inclined plane for 2.0 s as shown in the diagram above. The coefficient of friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.1. Calculate the acceleration of the box. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,371
8.1	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-60609bf5-02fd-45ec-8153-de79e3650abe	refer to the following information. A 10-kg box starts from rest and slides down an inclined plane for 2.0 s as shown in the diagram above. The coefficient of friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.1. Calculate the final velocity of the box and the distance that the box moves down the plane in the given time interval. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,372
5	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-d01330b6-9f46-4406-ada8-374361dac9f4	refer to the following information. The person in the diagram above pulls on the right end of the chain with a 30 N force. Assume that surface has negligible friction. Calculate the value of the acceleration of the box if the chain has a mass of 1.0 kg. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,373
30	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-22e9e1f3-1998-4808-83ee-b8f9a24769ab	refer to the following information. The diagram above shows a ball of mass m hanging from a rope in a truck on a planet with a gravitational acceleration of g. Determine the value of the angle $\theta$ when the acceleration of the truck has a magnitude $\frac{g}{\sqrt 3}$. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,374
2	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-1c4cddd4-e707-4e0d-bc34-d1eabe42ecac	refer to the following information. Three students are discussing a physics problem. They make three different claims about the trunk moving to the right at a constant velocity. Student #1: "The value of tension force is greater than the value of the kinetic friction force because the trunk is moving to the right, which requires a net force." Student #2: "The tension force has the same value as the kinetic friction force because there can't be a net force on a trunk that's in a state of constant velocity." Student #3: "It's obvious that the tension force and the kinetic friction comprise a Newton's third law pair; thus they are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction." Whose argument do you support? Only answer the number of the student. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,375
0.58	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-4188f728-c5f7-49e7-98ae-1992d57473ac	refer to the following information. A box of mass m is placed on an incline plane of length ℓ on a planet with a gravitational acceleration of g. The box is initially at rest; the incline angle is slowly increased, and the box begins to break free when the angle reaches 30 degrees. At that angle, the box begins to accelerate at a rate of g/10. Estimate the value of the static friction coefficient. <image>	5,376
72	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-ba7a8a02-7dba-4c50-9233-88ab2843a6d9	refer to the following information. The graph below shows the external force applied to a 15-kg object throughout a displacement of 8.0 m. How much work was done on the object throughout the 8.0-m displacement? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,377
192	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-3bf21f50-f8eb-478b-ac2f-59aa225aedbe	refer to the following information. The graph below shows the external force applied to a 15-kg object throughout a displacement of 8.0 m. If the object was initially moving with a velocity of +4.0 m/s (before the force was applied), calculate the object's kinetic energy after the work was done on it. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,378
1	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-7d70b28b-3ee8-41b5-8e84-b013e0d82fcd	<image> As shown in the diagram above, two resting blocks (4.0 kg and 8.0 kg) have a massless spring (spring constant 2,400 N/m) compressed between them. Upon release from the spring, the 8.0 kg block moves to the right at 10.0 m/s on a frictionless surface. Calculate the compression distance of the spring. (Final Answer is a value)	5,380
30	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-67024f92-0e55-4a78-825b-7d6d52ba70e0	As shown in the diagram above, two resting blocks (4.0 kg and 8.0 kg) have a massless spring (spring constant 2,400 N/m) compressed between them. Upon release from the spring, the 8.0 kg block moves to the right at 10.0 m/s on a frictionless surface. Both blocks eventually fly off a 45-m tall cliff, each reaching a specific horizontal range x as shown on the diagram. Calculate the difference between the range of the 8.0-kg block and the range of the 4.0-kg block. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,381
1.5	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-8fcffaaa-e0db-4797-a7bd-905b50038ef9	<image> A 6.0-kg block starts from rest at the top of a smooth, frictionless, 2.0-m tall track. When the block reaches a spring, the surface transitions to a rough surface with a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.50. The box links to the spring, compressing it a maximum distance of 60.0 cm before oscillating back and forth. Calculate the oscillation frequency of the mass-spring system. (Final Answer is a value)	5,382
4	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-5569897f-6b52-4f94-898c-3bfbe6de32ab	A 6.0-kg block starts from rest at the top of a smooth, frictionless, 2.0-m tall track. When the block reaches a spring, the surface transitions to a rough surface with a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.50. The box links to the spring, compressing it a maximum distance of 60.0 cm before oscillating back and forth. Eventually, the mass stops vibrating and comes to rest. Find the total distance that the spring traveled along the rough part of the surface during all of its oscillations. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,383
6	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-2a26cab0-0651-4f73-b9cc-d78b5b2ddb31	The carts with masses 2m and m are initially moving with a speed v on a low friction track as shown in the diagram. The carts are initially connected by a compressed, negligible-mass spring that is fixed to the more massive car. After the spring is released, the less massive cart moves to the right with a speed 2v. The force versus time graph models the positive force that the less massive cart experiences during the release period of 0.2 s. Using the values m = 500 g and v = 1.2 m/s, calculate the maximum spring force, Fmax. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,384
0.2	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-5488e372-0c73-423e-91a6-ce88c8a30209	A box slides on a frictionless surface at an initial speed vo and sticks to a resting box with twice the mass. Two identical springs with spring constant k attach the second box to a wall. If $m = 2\, \text{kg}$, $v_0 = 6\, \text{m/s}$, and $k = 300\, \text{N/m}$, calculate the oscillation amplitude of the mass-spring system after the collision. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,385
20	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-44f5ed8e-d382-4e25-8355-fd5c8904787d	<image> When a system is taken from state a to state b along the path acb shown in the figure below, 70 J of heat flows into the system, and the system does 30 J of work. When the system is returned from state b to state a along the curved path shown, 60 J of heat flows out of the system. Does the system perform work on its surroundings or do the surroundings perform work on the system? How much work is done? (Final Answer is a value)	5,386
50	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-6e345a42-affc-4ae2-b096-ef652d04c7be	<image> When a system is taken from state a to state b along the path acb shown in the figure below, 70 J of heat flows into the system, and the system does 30 J of work. If the system does 10 J of work in transforming from state a to state b along path adb, does the system absorb or does it emit heat? How much heat is transferred? (Final Answer is a value)	5,387
60	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-968d7f58-1e1c-4f14-b1e0-fd89689c6fb6	Consider the following circuit, Determine the potential difference between points a and b. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,388
30	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-bf090f2c-1ab8-4154-abfb-4ef2d9bda95d	Consider the following circuit, What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,389
2.8	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-a0957c3c-5220-487f-a958-0f38efdb221b	Two trials of a double-slit interference experiment are set up as follows. The slit separation is d = 0.50 mm, and the distance to the screen, L, is 4.0 m. What is the vertical separation on the screen (in mm) between the first-order maxima for red light (λ = 750 nm) and violet light (λ = 400 nm)? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,390
44	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-7e3ffc6c-6f56-40bc-921e-5ba18bd01add	<image> The circuit shown is built and the voltage source supplies voltage for 15 minutes before the battery is completely drained. Assume the voltage supplied by the battery is constant at 12 V until the battery is drained, after which the battery supplies 0 V. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit? (Final Answer is a value)	5,391
24	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-e58ccd6e-cb0c-47ab-9d4c-35dc263fc115	The circuit shown is built and the voltage source supplies voltage for 15 minutes before the battery is completely drained. Assume the voltage supplied by the battery is constant at 12 V until the battery is drained, after which the battery supplies 0 V. Two students are discussing the apparatus. Student 1 says, "If the 20 Ω resistor were not present, the overall resistance of the circuit would have been lower and the battery would have lasted longer." Student 2 says, "If the 20 Ω resistor were not present, I think the power output would have been higher and the battery would have drained faster." What is the the overall resistance if without the 20 Ω resistor present. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,392
18	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-69b43ec8-5b1a-4bbf-97aa-28031b336bb1	The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. How many neutrons does the most common isotope of chlorine have? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,393
51.5	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-e65491c9-2bc1-475c-8999-74f1b4bd809c	<image> The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Using the spectra, calculate the average mass of a hypochlorite ion. (Final Answer is a value)	5,394
No	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-bde07f9b-cb81-45b7-8dda-bb96fad6cb44	The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Does the negative charge on the ion affect the spectra? (Yes or No) (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,395
Left	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-eb41304c-49bc-4b4c-bd82-78bb2d8dc50a	<image> The acetyl ion has a formula of C$_2$H$_3$O$^-$ and two possible Lewis electron-dot diagram representations: Using formal charge, determine which (left or right) structure is the most likely correct structure. (Answer is a single word)	5,396
2.5	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-21b58d02-efac-41dd-9e9b-a8b979d09bee	<image> The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. What is the total pressure of the two gases in the container at a temperature of 200 K? (Final Answer is a value)	5,397
0.959	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-9d25c69c-778f-4953-acd8-b7f9d36b8ade	A student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated cylinder. The student's data table for this lab is as follows: Mass of lighter before gas release: 20.432 g Mass of lighter after gas release: 20.296 g Volume of gas collected: 68.40 mL Water Temperature: 19.0°C Atmospheric Pressure: 745 mmHg. Given that the vapor pressure of water at 19.0°C is 16.5 mmHg, determine the partial pressure of the butane gas collected in atmospheres. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,399
-0.4	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-29815b2e-ba34-4854-8834-5495dfe77e9f	A student performs an experiment in which a bar of unknown metal M is placed in a solution with the formula MNO$_3$. The metal is then hooked up to a copper bar in a solution of CuSO$_4$ as shown below. A salt bridge that contains aqueous KCl links the cell together. The cell potential is found to be +0.74 V. Separately, when a bar of metal M is placed in the copper sulfate solution, solid copper starts to form on the bar. When a bar of copper is placed in the MNO$_3$ solution, no visible reaction occurs. The following gives some reduction potentials for copper: Half-reactions and their standard electrode potentials (E): 1. For the reaction \( \text{Cu}^{2+} + 2\text{e}^- \rightarrow \text{Cu(s)} \), \( E = 0.34 \, \text{V} \) 2. For the reaction \( \text{Cu}^{2+} + \text{e}^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}^+ \), \( E = 0.15 \, \text{V} \) 3. For the reaction \( \text{Cu}^+ + \text{e}^- \rightarrow \text{Cu(s)} \), \( E = 0.52 \, \text{V} \). What is the standard reduction potential for metal M? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,400
$sp^2$	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-87ab6e8e-d139-4f6c-a2b5-a9c958689783	The boiling points of three different compounds are listed below, along with their formulas. What is the hybridization around atom $C_2$ in the acetaldehyde molecule? (Answer is a hybridization) <image>	5,401
0.94	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-74d9308b-f1bc-4814-bffe-a404faf1d685	A galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. Calculate $E^{\circ}_{cell}$ (V). (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,402
4.47	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-3827565d-ea2c-44b0-a053-3b7241a49942	A galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. The beaker of Sn(NO$_3$)$_2$ is disconnected from the cell, and the tin electrode is then connected to an outside source of current. Over the course of 10.0 minutes, 1.65 g of tin plates out onto the electrode. What is the amperage of the current source? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,403
271.5	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-43efc106-cc54-4ac4-8bd6-656cebdbf287	0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. The gallium continues to be heated until it fully boils. Assume ideal behavior for the gallium gas. The reaction described is the phase transition of gallium from liquid to gas: \text{Ga(l)} \rightarrow \text{Ga(g)}. For the substances involved, the standard enthalpy change (\( H^\circ \)) in \(\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\) is given as: For $\text{Ga(l)}\), \( H^\circ \) is \(5.60 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$ For \text{Ga(g)}\), \( H^\circ \) is \(277.1 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}\). Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization for gallium in kJ mol$^{-1}$ given the above data. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,404
0.00162	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-5e8a4967-d2f6-49cb-8a31-b12f1ba75a1f	5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left out overnight. The next day, 100 mL of the saturated solution is decanted into a separate 250 mL beaker, taking care not to transfer any remaining solid. 100 mL of 0.75 $M$ KI solution is added, causing the following precipitation reaction to go to completion. Pb$^{2+}$ + 2I$^-$ → PbI$_2$(s). The PbI$_2$ is filtered out, dried, and massed. The mass of the precipitate is found to be 0.747 g. How many moles of Pb$^{2+}$ are in the PbI$_2$ precipitate? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,405
24	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-7b9ac0b5-78dd-41f3-b86e-271c1032e949	<image> A sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25.0°C to 82.3°C. The total mass of butane ignited is found to be 0.51 g, the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C, and the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. How much heat did the water gain in kJ? (Final Answer is a value)	5,406
-800	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-bd263016-7f59-40b2-be82-d74e41f1f00b	The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. Use the figure of bond dissociation energies to find ΔH° for the reaction in the figure. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,407
30	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-d40b39c7-7771-4b64-98cf-046343d1d2bd	The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. How many grams of methane must react with excess oxygen in order to release 1500 kJ of heat? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,408
289	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-24d7b6a8-d89b-465c-946c-305c0dd70f65	Ammonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) → 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond enthalpies are listed in below: The enthalpies of various bonds are given as: The N-H bond has an enthalpy of \( 388 \text{ kJ/mol} \). The N-O bond has an enthalpy of \( 210 \text{ kJ/mol} \). The N=O bond has an enthalpy of \( 630 \text{ kJ/mol} \). The N=N bond has an enthalpy of \( 409 \text{ kJ/mol} \). The N\(\equiv\)N bond has an enthalpy of \( 941 \text{ kJ/mol} \). The O-H bond has an enthalpy of \( 463 \text{ kJ/mol} \). Calculate the enthalpy value for the overall reaction (in J/mol×K). (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,409
376	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-47365d0a-d4b9-44e0-839b-bca8ac817b99	A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Given that the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C and assuming its density is exactly 1.00 g/mL, calculate the heat (in J) gained by the water. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,410
0.780	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-b03bbcfa-a48f-4910-9fea-d2b90701397e	A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Calculate the specific heat (J/g·°C) of aluminum from the experimental data given. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,411
13.3	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-c3858023-7347-498d-96dc-e6688e067bc0	A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. If the accepted specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/g·°C, calculate the percent error. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,412
10.34	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-74e3e304-ad35-407c-8d19-ea1e2be6ee43	A student tests the conductivity of three different acid samples, each with a concentration of 0.10 M and a volume of 20.0 mL. The conductivity was recorded in microsiemens per centimeter in the figure. The HCl solution is then titrated with a 0.150 M solution of the weak base methylamine, CH$_3$NH$_2$ . (K$_b$ = 4.38 × 10$^{–4}$). Determine the pH of the solution after 20.0 mL of methylamine has been added. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,413
1790	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-de88287a-38ae-47d5-a19a-6cfa787f2620	Two electrodes are inserted into a solution of nickel (II) fluoride and a current of 2.20 A is run through them. A list of standard reduction potentials is in the figure. How long (in seconds) would it take to create 1.2 g of Ni(s) at the cathode? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,414
1.2	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-85f6deb5-3c39-4948-aed6-487fb2f5e236	A + 2B → 2C. The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above. Calculate the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction (in the unit of M$^{−1}$sec$^{−1}). (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,415
0.111	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-ed12908a-a41a-48c3-9d7d-726c6ff3c760	<image> 2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) → 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What would the concentration of N$_2$O$_5$ in the unit of M be at t = 1500 s? (Final Answer is a value)	5,416
Beige	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-36acadac-4d9c-412e-ae2f-80c930d0d787	<image> In a city in Australia there is a population of moths that live in the grass, rarely taking flight except for short journeys. There are two phenotypes for wing color: green and beige. The largest predator of moths are birds and bats that prey upon the moths as they rest upon blades of grass. Green moths fare better in wet conditions when the grass takes on a lush green color and beige moths fare better in dry conditions when the grass turns a dry brown color. Identify which color moth was the most plentiful between 1969 and 1995? (Answer is a single word.)	5,417
Yes	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-06c6066d-f0f8-4c46-befd-926de00021e0	In this Figure , the values above branches indicate bootstrapped confidence values. Branch lengths are proportional to percent similarity in viral envelope gene sequence. TBE: tick borne encephalitis; TSE: Turkish sheep encephalitis; GGE: Greek goat encephalitis; LI: louping ill virus; SSE: Spanish sheep encephalitis; KFD: Kyasanur Forest disease virus; TYU: Tyuleniy virus; SRE: Saumarez Reef virus. Are YF and SRE are LEAST similar to GGE. （Yes or No） <image>	5,418
35	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-28400309-e9b2-403e-90d3-e3bb5bbd37c9	Researchers were interested in the effect of temperature on the respiration rate of crickets. Three chambers were prepared and kept at three different temperatures. A cricket was placed in each chamber. The CO2 levels in the chamber were recorded at 0 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes to assess the changing levels of CO2 over time. This process was repeated 50 times at each temperature. The results are indicated in the figure. Identify which temperature was associated with the highest respiration rate in the crickets. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,419
Yes	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-26846cf3-f578-4a89-91f5-4ecd6f003312	In this fictional scenario, an enzyme was discovered in reptile feces, gertimtonase, that was believed to aid in digestion and water retention. Researchers wanted to know how the enzyme's activity level changed with varying temperature. The scientists took fecal samples of Russian tortoises that were living in varying environmental temperatures. The data was summarized in the following graph. Desert tortoises live in environments where the ground temperature can exceed 60°C. Using the data above, predict how the graph would look for desert tortoise gertimtonase. Would the graph's peak would shift to the higher temperatures? (Yes or No) <image>	5,420
Increase	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-8d67d6c3-da92-48a3-a6e0-7f2f81ff14d7	Basking sharks, which can grow up to 10 m in length, have been recorded jumping out of the water as high and as fast as great white sharks. Marine biologists are unsure why they do this but have pointed to this phenomenon as evidence of how much we still have to learn about marine life. The sharks are speculated to jump out of the water only off the shores of Scotland, where they have been observed previously. A team of scientists wanted to determine if basking sharks in other areas of northern Europe can jump to similar heights. The following data were obtained by that team. Basking sharks are endotherms like most other sharks. Predict how the environment may differ between the Cornwall sampling site and the Isle of Man site, would the temperature increase or decrease? (Answer is a single word.) <image>	5,421
Yes	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-17d8bec1-8df1-43a1-a11b-d0fd7c6391ae	Photosynthesis is the process plants use to derive energy from sunlight and is associated with a cell's chloroplasts. The energy is used to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis involves light and dark phases. Figure 1 represents two initial steps associated with the light phase. The light phase supplies the dark phase with NADPH and a high-energy substrate. A researcher attempted to produce a photosynthetic system outside the living organism according to the following protocols: Chloroplasts were extracted from green leaves and ruptured, and their membranes were thereby exposed, then a solution of hexachloroplatinate ions carrying a charge of -2 was added. The structure of the composite was analyzed, and the amount of oxygen produced by the system was measured. The researcher concluded that the ions were bound to the membrane's Photosystem 1 site by the attraction of opposite charges. The resulting composite is shown in Figure 2. It was found that the hexachloroplatinate-membrane composite was photosynthetically active. Predict how the dark phases of photosynthesis were affected during this experiment, would it be active or not? (Yes or No) <image>	5,422
11	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-dbe34804-c40b-4fd6-be44-7f23cec87e47	The pedigree shown in Figure 1, numbered by individual, tracks the instances of color blindness within the family. Squares are male, circles are female, and each half of a shape represents one of the two copies of the gene. Shading represents that the allele for color blindness is present. Of the individuals with a "?", identify which of them is heterozygous. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,423
525	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-9296cbd9-7655-45df-937a-e488804bcd65	The loss of water by evaporation from the leaf openings is known as transpiration. The transpiration rates of various plants are shown below. How many liters of water per week are lost by a coconut palm? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,424
0.12	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-0de6aec1-2d09-4bf4-a05d-9580dd996b5c	The following figure shows the transfer of energy through a forest community. According to the information in the figure, what is the proportion of energy entering the first trophic level that is passed to the second trophic level? Express your answer as a value between 0 and 1, rounded to the nearest hundredth. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,425
1.6	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-26204f4f-aa50-456f-b90f-8efdb14d9159	The figure above shows the flow of energy in a community. What percent of the energy taken in by producers ends up in carnivores? Express your answer as a percent to the nearest tenth. (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,426
C	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-be9cfc9a-46fe-4fd1-a4a1-7997a5f1768b	Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed. Which line represents the bag that contained a solution isotonic to the 0.5 M solution? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>	5,427
A	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-c3d97bf7-b75d-41d2-995a-18650eb5c133	Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed. Which line represents that bag with the highest initial concentration of glucose? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>	5,428
carotene	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-0da9c929-c71f-4ff8-bcd5-ffc347382cdd	A biologist uses paper chromatography to separate pigments obtained from chloroplasts. In this procedure, leaf extracts containing a mixture of pigments are streaked near the bottom edge of a strip of chromatography paper. Chromatography paper is made of cellulose, an organic, polar molecule. The paper is mounted so that its bottom edge makes contact with a relatively nonpolar, organic solvent. After the paper touches the solvent, the solvent and the pigments in the leaf extract move up the chromatography paper. The figure that follows shows the leading edges of four pigments relative to the point of pigment application. The Rf value of a pigment is the ratio of the distance traveled by a pigment to the distance traveled by the solvent. Which pigment has the greatest Rf value? (Answer is a single word.) <image>	5,429
Yes	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-19ab20e3-bed3-47d0-b206-27b4e0d83ad4	Long periods of studying or other kinds of stressful mental activity cause the buildup of adenosine molecules in brain tissue. Adenosine is a ligand that binds to a G protein-coupled receptor on brain cells, activating a G protein by replacing its bound GDP with a GTP. A subunit of the G protein then binds to and activates adenylyl cyclase (AC), a membrane-bound effector protein. Adenylyl cyclase then catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), a second messenger. The cellular response to cAMP varies widely in different types of cells. In brain cells and other cells of the central nervous system, cAMP activates a protein kinase (PKA), which slows brain activity and causes drowsiness. Normally, cAMP concentrations in the cell are kept low by the enzyme cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), converting cAMP to regular AMP (not cyclic). But high levels of cAMP can be attained during periods of mental fatigue or other kinds of stress.Does GTP bound to a subunit of the G protein activates adenylyl cyclase (AC)? (Yes of No) <image>	5,430
A	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-697fed74-06c0-492f-84e8-7b5a456a3a75	Oxygen is transported throughout the body by hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells. The blood types A, B, and O identify red blood cells distinguished by specific sugars attached to membrane-bound proteins. There are three alleles (A, B, and O), two of which (A and B) code for enzymes that attach a specific sugar to the membrane-bound protein. The combination of any two of the three alleles results in six genotypes, producing four phenotypes, A, B, AB, and O. The following figure of a phylogenetic tree shows the nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and insertions for one possible explanation for the evolution of the ABO allele group. According to the phylogenetic tree, what is the alleles that is the most likely ancestral? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>	5,431
1065	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-d47d4a84-31bb-410c-9c7b-8a0d77e7a33a	Oxygen is transported throughout the body by hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells. The blood types A, B, and O identify red blood cells distinguished by specific sugars attached to membrane-bound proteins. There are three alleles (A, B, and O), two of which (A and B) code for enzymes that attach a specific sugar to the membrane-bound protein. The combination of any two of the three alleles results in six genotypes, producing four phenotypes, A, B, AB, and O. The following figure of a phylogenetic tree shows the nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and insertions for one possible explanation for the evolution of the ABO allele group. If the exon of the A allele contains 1065 nucleotides, how many nucleotides code for the B allele? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,432
liquid	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-86e8bb12-c07f-414e-ad56-1873a98c57b2	Questions refer to the graph below that plots the temperature of water as a function of heat energy absorbed. 1. What state of matter does the line labeled X represent? (Answer is a single word.) <image>	5,433
Y	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-5a2f0b36-a6bb-4bc5-93c7-a3dd2e981b3a	<image> Questions refer to the graph below that plots the temperature of water as a function of heat energy absorbed. What part of the graph represents the cooling effect of sweating? (Answer is a single letter.)	5,434
Yes	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-a3ddde44-0968-4dc0-bfa8-2941b5cfc893	Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus. Does 'procee I' in the provided figure indicates reverse transcriptase? (Yes or No) <image>	5,435
Yes	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-634d17a7-c4c9-4edc-9cfc-2431a7836570	Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus. Is proteins and glycoproteins the products of the viral replication process following 'process IV' as illustrated in the figure? (Yes or No) <image>	5,436
nucleus	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-a6129926-d0df-4912-a046-460e1acfef88	Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus. Where are viral genes transcribed into mRNA? (Answer is a single word.) <image>	5,437
Yes	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-89e68ef7-87f8-4ee5-bace-396bee810cca	Questions refer to the following figure that illustrates the evolution of nine species from a single ancestral species. Roman numerals I through V identify different areas of the figure. Is stabilizing selection the factor that is responsible for evolution pattern indicated by area III? (Yes or No) <image>	5,438
A	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-ddc5ae09-875b-40d6-a7c9-830068d37185	Questions refer to the following figure that illustrates the evolution of nine species from a single ancestral species. Roman numerals I through V identify different areas of the figure. What evolutionary process is suggested by the pattern observed in the diagram if it represents the introduction of a single species to a remote, newly formed island? Choose from A.adaptive radiation B. allopatric speciation C. coevolution D. multiple occurrences of gene flow (Answer is a single letter.) <image>	5,439
I	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-e5f6b07d-252d-4290-9428-8a2fb9ddd34f	<image> The enzymatic catalysis of a reaction essential in the production of dog saliva is mediated by the protein ARKKKK60491. ARKKKK60491 is a homodimer, with each subunit being 337 amino acids. Figure 1, below, indicates a modular structure of the homodimer. Three positions are indicated on the model. Position A is the active site. Position B is a region known to have a large number of nonpolar residues. Position C is known to have a large number of charged residues. A mutation is discovered in the gene for ARKKKK60491 that converts positively charged lysine residue into negatively charged glutamic acid residue. This single change directly impacts the location where the substrate to ARKKKK60491 attaches during catalysis. Which position is likely affected by this change? I. Position A II. Position B III. Position C (Answer is a single letter.)	5,440
No	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-f271dc53-0fcb-457a-b80b-82b50cb68908	The enzymatic catalysis of a reaction essential in the production of dog saliva is mediated by the protein ARKKKK60491. ARKKKK60491 is a homodimer, with each subunit being 337 amino acids. Figure 1, below, indicates a modular structure of the homodimer. Three positions are indicated on the model. Position A is the active site. Position B is a region known to have a large number of nonpolar residues. Position C is known to have a large number of charged residues. According to Figure 1, within the protein ARKKKK60491, does Position A contain polypeptide N-termini? <image>	5,441
D	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-fc05c494-cad4-4783-ad1a-ec974a81bfb9	An experiment is performed to evaluate the amount of DNA present during a complete cell cycle. All of the cells were synced prior to the start of the experiment. During the experiment, a fluorescent chemical was applied to cells, which would fluoresce only when bound to DNA. The results of the experiment are shown above. Differences in cell appearance by microscopy or changes in detected DNA were determined to be phases of the cell cycle and are labeled with the letters A-D. What phase in the experiment corresponds to the cell undergoing anaphase? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>	5,442
S	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-fb63f823-3c93-4ad3-a4bd-32888d9fd018	The cell cycle is a series of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell. It consists of four stages: G1, S, G2, and M. The duration of the cell cycle varies from one species to another and from one cell type to another. The G1 phase varies the most. For example, embryonic cells can pass through the G1 phase so quickly that it hardly exists, whereas neurons are arrested in the cell cycle and do not divide. According to the figure, During which phase do chromosomes replicate? According to the figure provided, which is the LEAST possible location for Gerdellen to be placed? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>	5,443
S	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-d5a93a59-b05c-4c25-8877-6f62857e15b1	Questions below refer to the following figures which show 5 species of insects that were discovered on a previously unknown island and were named as shown in the table. Proteomic analysis was performed on a highly conserved protein in the insects and the number of amino acid differences was calculated and included in the table below. The scientists used this data to create the phylogenetic tree shown below with positions labeled I, II, III, and IV as well as O, P, Q, R, and S. According to the figure provided,which is the LEAST possible location for Gerdellen to be placed? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>	5,444
0.5	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-b3ff43ff-c26c-4db3-916a-814b1752c3b0	Hemophilia is an X-linked disease associated with the inability to produce specific proteins in the blood-clotting pathway. In this Figure, the family members afflicted with the disease are shown with filled-in squares (male) or circles (females). A couple is trying to determine the likelihood of passing on the disease to their future children (represented by the ? symbol above) because the hemophilia runs in the woman’s family. Assuming that the woman in the couple is a carrier, what is the probability that the couple’s first son will have hemophilia? (Final Answer is a value) <image>	5,445
E	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-0d77720e-f8bd-41da-b016-5576e570cc2a	A study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of varying amounts of vitamin C in reducing the number of common colds. A survey of 450 people provided the following information: Is there evidence of a relationship between catching a cold and taking vitamin C? A. The data prove that vitamin C reduces the number of common colds. B. The data prove that vitamin C has no effect on the number of common colds. C. There is sufficient evidence at the 1% significance level of a relationship between taking vitamin C and catching fewer colds. D. There is sufficent evidence at the 10% significance level, but not at the 1% significance level, of a relationship between taking vitamin C and catching fewer colds. E. There is not sufficient evidence at the 10% level of a relationship between takng vitamin C and catching fewer colds. <image>	5,459
B	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-84901a50-9084-4ede-bbdb-9b69bd5d2709	Based on the strength of the intermolecular forces in each substance, estimate from greatest to smallest the vapor pressures of each substance in liquid state at the same temperature. A. propane > ethanal > ethene > methanol B. ethene > propane > ethanal > methanol C. ethanal > methanol > ethene > propane D. methanol > ethanal > propane > ethene <image>	5,587
D	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-6c50ecfa-44ba-45f2-ad8d-e7902ea12ec4	<image> When in liquid state, which two substances are most likely to be miscible with water? A. propane and ethene B. methanol and propane C. ethene and ethanal D. methanol and ethanal	5,588
C	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-890d78e1-e12b-41d5-a3ee-3844fb99692f	The graph below shows the amount of potential energy between two hydrogen atoms as the distance between them changes. At which point in the graph would a molecule of $H_2$ be the most stable? A. Point A B. Point B C. Point C D. Point D <image>	5,589
D	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-300b6d0a-036f-4983-8b97-029341d97fcf	The following diagram shows the relative atomic sizes of three different elements from the same period. Which of the following statements must be true? A. The effective nuclear charge would be the greatest in element X. B. The first ionization energy will be greatest in element X. C. The electron shielding effect will be greatest in element Z. D. The electronegativity value will be greatest in element Z. <image>	5,590
C	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-101f2f31-a62b-4f63-8007-4d72be22a06d	Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. Correctly identify the anode and cathode in this reaction as well as where oxidation and reduction are taking place. A. Cu is the anode where oxidation occurs, and Zn is the cathode where reduction occurs. B. Cu is the anode where reduction occurs, and Zn is the cathode where oxidation occurs. C. Zn is the anode where oxidation occurs, and Cu is the cathode where reduction occurs. D. Zn is the anode where reduction occurs, and Cu is the cathode where oxidation occurs. <image>	5,591
B	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-73b07a05-6bed-4073-9cd5-1f182d39132e	Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. How many moles of electrons must be transferred to create 127 g of copper? A. 1 mole of electrons B. 2 moles of electrons C. 3 moles of electrons D. 4 moles of electrons <image>	5,592
B	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-1768525f-dc68-4bfc-884c-5c208d3ac51a	Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. If the $Cu^+ + e^- → Cu(s)$ half reaction has a standard reduction potential of +0.52 V, what is the standard reduction potential for the $Zn^{2+} + 2e^- → Zn(s)$ half reaction? A. +0.76 V B. -0.76 V C. +0.24 V D. -0.24 V <image>	5,593
C	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-1c360b13-dd7b-43fd-a88a-c29127b09d31	Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. As the reaction progresses, what will happen to the overall voltage of the cell? A. It will increase as [$Zn^{2+}$] increases. B. It will increase as [$Cu^{+}$] increases. C. It will decrease as [$Zn^{2+}$] increases. D. The voltage will remain constant. <image>	5,594
A	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-60769a5b-f2e4-4006-a1d6-6a202022d43a	Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. What will happen in the salt bridge as the reaction progresses? A. The Na+ ions will flow to the Cu/Cu+ half-cell. B. The Br- ions will flow to the Cu/Cu+ half-cell. C. Electrons will transfer from the Cu/Cu+ half-cell to the Zn/Zn2+ half-cell. D. Electrons will transfer from the Zn/Zn2+ half-cell to the Cu/Cu+ half-cell. <image>	5,595
C	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-0202598b-dc5c-4788-ad9a-33ef78e9365e	A solution of carbonic acid, $H_2CO_3$, is titrated with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The following graph is produced. In addition to $OH^-$, what species are present in the solution during section III of the graph? A. $H_2CO_3$, $HCO_3^-$, and $CO_3^{2-}$ B. $H_2CO_3$ and $HCO_3^-$ C. $HCO_3^-$ and $CO_3^{2-}$ D. $H_2CO_3$ and $CO_3^{2-}$ <image>	5,596
C	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-644e7629-b551-4796-acc2-ff1126801911	A solution of carbonic acid, H2CO3, is titrated with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The following graph is produced. What is the magnitude of the first dissociation constant? A. 10e-2 B. 10e-4 C. 10e-6 D. 10e-8 <image>	5,597
C	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-8b1aa80b-a115-4a86-9588-ba80379afa9e	A solution of carbonic acid, H2CO3, is titrated with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The following graph is produced. If the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is increased prior to repeating the titration, what effect, if any, would that have on the graph? A. The graph would not change at all. B. The pH values at the equivalence points would increase. C. The equivalence points would be reached with less volume of NaOH added. D. The slope of the equivalence points would decrease. <image>	5,598
B	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-1926ae9c-d2f6-4314-ba8c-9ba2430d0810	Two solutions of potassium carbonate and sodium chloride are mixed together, and the particulate representation below shows what is present after the reaction has gone to completion. Which of the two original solutions is the limiting reagent and why? A. The potassium carbonate, because of the polyatomic anion B. The potassium carbonate, because there is no carbonate left after the reaction C. The calcium chloride, because there is an excess of calcium ions post-reaction D. The calcium chloride, because the component ions are smaller than those in potassium carbonate <image>	5,599
D	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-126244cd-763a-4379-a7b2-550eca1ec589	The structure of two oxoacids is shown below. Which would be a stronger acid, and why? A. HOCl, because the H–O bond is weaker than in HOF as chlorine is larger than fluorine B. HOCl, because the H–O bond is stronger than in HOF as chlorine has a higher electronegativity than fluorine C. HOF, because the H–O bond is stronger than in HOCl as fluorine has a higher electronegativity than chlorine D. HOF, because the H–O bond is weaker than in HOCl as fluorine is smaller than chlorine <image>	5,600
A	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-cfbaa227-7411-471b-b014-2b9d7c655934	The following diagrams show the Lewis structures of four different molecules. Which molecule would travel the farthest in a paper chromatography experiment using a polar solvent? A. Methanol B. Pentane C. Acetone D. Ether <image>	5,601
C	(GradeSchool) Science	Processed-5db4eae9-04c4-4139-bb59-f2c7ec944dc4	Four different acids are added to beakers of water, and the following diagrams represent the species present in each solution at equilibrium. Which acid has the highest pH? A. Acid 1 B. Acid 2 C. Acid 3 D. Acid 4 <image>	5,602

5

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-aa6c2453-d504-4917-8f4c-43106769f02b

<image> How many leaves does the flower have?

56

No

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-f1b548d3-1061-45c3-800d-47119e796dcb

<image> Are there any flowers with less than 6 petals?

73

3

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-75a57396-5a35-4c09-a11e-4343e4a32a7b

<image> How many leaves are attached to the stems?

1,283

3.73

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-95c74200-3028-407f-8dad-fac4ad4c28bd

<image> If the wedge is used to lift the post by 1.61cm, what is the ratio of the horizontal movement to the vertical lift?

1,552

2

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-1e923fbe-bb0f-49cb-ac93-af51bad6532a

<image> How many antennae does the butterfly have?

2,644

Acetone mixture

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-ba696ea7-521a-420d-a10f-8e454bad8a11

<image> Which mixture has a temperature above the freezing point of water?

3,074

3

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-b9c378ea-896c-4f36-b887-d7770ea8fa70

refer to the following information. An object of mass m is moving according to the graph above. Three students are actively discussing how the total displacement of the object could be calculated from the graph above. Student #1: First, find the average velocity for the entire trip by finding the sum of the initial and final velocities and dividing by two. Then, to calculate the displacement, multiply that average velocity by the total time for the entire trip. Student #2: First, I would calculate acceleration using and then calculate displacement using $a = \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t} = \frac{v_2 - v_1}{t_2 - 0}$ and then calculate displacement using $\Delta x = v_1 t + \frac{1}{2} a t^2$ Student #3: I would first find the displacement for the first part of the trip by taking $v_1 * t_1$ . Then, I would find the displacement for the second part of the trip by $\left( \frac{v_1 + v_2}{2} \right) (t_2 - t_1)$ . Then I would add the two displacements together. Discuss which of the students are correct, if any. Only answer the number of that student. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,367

-0.2

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-c79dec6c-5a21-4eb2-aa7b-4b8ccc3aa164

An experiment with a 550-g dynamic cart produces the following position versus time graph. Use the duplicate graph below, along with calculations, to estimate the velocities at the clock readings of 5.0 s. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,368

8.9

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-7f6231e8-e556-4a4f-bdfe-9d68c2415e41

refer to the following information. On October 14, 2012, Felix Baumgartner jumped from a helium balloon that had risen to the stratosphere, 39 km above the surface of planet Earth. The data table below displays a 28-second portion of the speed data from Felix Baumgartner's infamous jump.Calculate the magnitude of Felix's acceleration at clock readings of 22.0 s. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,369

8.5

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-dd6939c4-e1e7-4ebd-97a7-eb9baeaf22ed

refer to the following information. A 10-kg box starts from rest and slides down an inclined plane for 2.0 s as shown in the diagram above. The coefficient of friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.1. Calculate the force of friction on the box. <image>

5,370

4.1

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-86150184-f73a-4ca7-adc4-d4dfe9d3559c

refer to the following information. A 10-kg box starts from rest and slides down an inclined plane for 2.0 s as shown in the diagram above. The coefficient of friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.1. Calculate the acceleration of the box. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,371

8.1

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-60609bf5-02fd-45ec-8153-de79e3650abe

refer to the following information. A 10-kg box starts from rest and slides down an inclined plane for 2.0 s as shown in the diagram above. The coefficient of friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.1. Calculate the final velocity of the box and the distance that the box moves down the plane in the given time interval. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,372

5

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-d01330b6-9f46-4406-ada8-374361dac9f4

refer to the following information. The person in the diagram above pulls on the right end of the chain with a 30 N force. Assume that surface has negligible friction. Calculate the value of the acceleration of the box if the chain has a mass of 1.0 kg. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,373

30

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-22e9e1f3-1998-4808-83ee-b8f9a24769ab

refer to the following information. The diagram above shows a ball of mass m hanging from a rope in a truck on a planet with a gravitational acceleration of g. Determine the value of the angle $\theta$ when the acceleration of the truck has a magnitude $\frac{g}{\sqrt 3}$. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,374

2

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-1c4cddd4-e707-4e0d-bc34-d1eabe42ecac

refer to the following information. Three students are discussing a physics problem. They make three different claims about the trunk moving to the right at a constant velocity. Student #1: "The value of tension force is greater than the value of the kinetic friction force because the trunk is moving to the right, which requires a net force." Student #2: "The tension force has the same value as the kinetic friction force because there can't be a net force on a trunk that's in a state of constant velocity." Student #3: "It's obvious that the tension force and the kinetic friction comprise a Newton's third law pair; thus they are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction." Whose argument do you support? Only answer the number of the student. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,375

0.58

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-4188f728-c5f7-49e7-98ae-1992d57473ac

refer to the following information. A box of mass m is placed on an incline plane of length ℓ on a planet with a gravitational acceleration of g. The box is initially at rest; the incline angle is slowly increased, and the box begins to break free when the angle reaches 30 degrees. At that angle, the box begins to accelerate at a rate of g/10. Estimate the value of the static friction coefficient. <image>

5,376

72

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-ba7a8a02-7dba-4c50-9233-88ab2843a6d9

refer to the following information. The graph below shows the external force applied to a 15-kg object throughout a displacement of 8.0 m. How much work was done on the object throughout the 8.0-m displacement? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,377

192

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-3bf21f50-f8eb-478b-ac2f-59aa225aedbe

refer to the following information. The graph below shows the external force applied to a 15-kg object throughout a displacement of 8.0 m. If the object was initially moving with a velocity of +4.0 m/s (before the force was applied), calculate the object's kinetic energy after the work was done on it. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,378

1

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-7d70b28b-3ee8-41b5-8e84-b013e0d82fcd

<image> As shown in the diagram above, two resting blocks (4.0 kg and 8.0 kg) have a massless spring (spring constant 2,400 N/m) compressed between them. Upon release from the spring, the 8.0 kg block moves to the right at 10.0 m/s on a frictionless surface. Calculate the compression distance of the spring. (Final Answer is a value)

5,380

30

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-67024f92-0e55-4a78-825b-7d6d52ba70e0

As shown in the diagram above, two resting blocks (4.0 kg and 8.0 kg) have a massless spring (spring constant 2,400 N/m) compressed between them. Upon release from the spring, the 8.0 kg block moves to the right at 10.0 m/s on a frictionless surface. Both blocks eventually fly off a 45-m tall cliff, each reaching a specific horizontal range x as shown on the diagram. Calculate the difference between the range of the 8.0-kg block and the range of the 4.0-kg block. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,381

1.5

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-8fcffaaa-e0db-4797-a7bd-905b50038ef9

<image> A 6.0-kg block starts from rest at the top of a smooth, frictionless, 2.0-m tall track. When the block reaches a spring, the surface transitions to a rough surface with a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.50. The box links to the spring, compressing it a maximum distance of 60.0 cm before oscillating back and forth. Calculate the oscillation frequency of the mass-spring system. (Final Answer is a value)

5,382

4

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-5569897f-6b52-4f94-898c-3bfbe6de32ab

A 6.0-kg block starts from rest at the top of a smooth, frictionless, 2.0-m tall track. When the block reaches a spring, the surface transitions to a rough surface with a coefficient of kinetic friction of 0.50. The box links to the spring, compressing it a maximum distance of 60.0 cm before oscillating back and forth. Eventually, the mass stops vibrating and comes to rest. Find the total distance that the spring traveled along the rough part of the surface during all of its oscillations. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,383

6

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-2a26cab0-0651-4f73-b9cc-d78b5b2ddb31

The carts with masses 2m and m are initially moving with a speed v on a low friction track as shown in the diagram. The carts are initially connected by a compressed, negligible-mass spring that is fixed to the more massive car. After the spring is released, the less massive cart moves to the right with a speed 2v. The force versus time graph models the positive force that the less massive cart experiences during the release period of 0.2 s. Using the values m = 500 g and v = 1.2 m/s, calculate the maximum spring force, Fmax. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,384

0.2

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-5488e372-0c73-423e-91a6-ce88c8a30209

A box slides on a frictionless surface at an initial speed vo and sticks to a resting box with twice the mass. Two identical springs with spring constant k attach the second box to a wall. If $m = 2\, \text{kg}$, $v_0 = 6\, \text{m/s}$, and $k = 300\, \text{N/m}$, calculate the oscillation amplitude of the mass-spring system after the collision. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,385

20

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-44f5ed8e-d382-4e25-8355-fd5c8904787d

<image> When a system is taken from state a to state b along the path acb shown in the figure below, 70 J of heat flows into the system, and the system does 30 J of work. When the system is returned from state b to state a along the curved path shown, 60 J of heat flows out of the system. Does the system perform work on its surroundings or do the surroundings perform work on the system? How much work is done? (Final Answer is a value)

5,386

50

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-6e345a42-affc-4ae2-b096-ef652d04c7be

<image> When a system is taken from state a to state b along the path acb shown in the figure below, 70 J of heat flows into the system, and the system does 30 J of work. If the system does 10 J of work in transforming from state a to state b along path adb, does the system absorb or does it emit heat? How much heat is transferred? (Final Answer is a value)

5,387

60

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-968d7f58-1e1c-4f14-b1e0-fd89689c6fb6

Consider the following circuit, Determine the potential difference between points a and b. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,388

30

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-bf090f2c-1ab8-4154-abfb-4ef2d9bda95d

Consider the following circuit, What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,389

2.8

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-a0957c3c-5220-487f-a958-0f38efdb221b

Two trials of a double-slit interference experiment are set up as follows. The slit separation is d = 0.50 mm, and the distance to the screen, L, is 4.0 m. What is the vertical separation on the screen (in mm) between the first-order maxima for red light (λ = 750 nm) and violet light (λ = 400 nm)? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,390

44

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-7e3ffc6c-6f56-40bc-921e-5ba18bd01add

<image> The circuit shown is built and the voltage source supplies voltage for 15 minutes before the battery is completely drained. Assume the voltage supplied by the battery is constant at 12 V until the battery is drained, after which the battery supplies 0 V. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit? (Final Answer is a value)

5,391

24

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-e58ccd6e-cb0c-47ab-9d4c-35dc263fc115

The circuit shown is built and the voltage source supplies voltage for 15 minutes before the battery is completely drained. Assume the voltage supplied by the battery is constant at 12 V until the battery is drained, after which the battery supplies 0 V. Two students are discussing the apparatus. Student 1 says, "If the 20 Ω resistor were not present, the overall resistance of the circuit would have been lower and the battery would have lasted longer." Student 2 says, "If the 20 Ω resistor were not present, I think the power output would have been higher and the battery would have drained faster." What is the the overall resistance if without the 20 Ω resistor present. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,392

18

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-69b43ec8-5b1a-4bbf-97aa-28031b336bb1

The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. How many neutrons does the most common isotope of chlorine have? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,393

51.5

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-e65491c9-2bc1-475c-8999-74f1b4bd809c

<image> The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Using the spectra, calculate the average mass of a hypochlorite ion. (Final Answer is a value)

5,394

No

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-bde07f9b-cb81-45b7-8dda-bb96fad6cb44

The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Does the negative charge on the ion affect the spectra? (Yes or No) (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,395

Left

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-eb41304c-49bc-4b4c-bd82-78bb2d8dc50a

<image> The acetyl ion has a formula of C$_2$H$_3$O$^-$ and two possible Lewis electron-dot diagram representations: Using formal charge, determine which (left or right) structure is the most likely correct structure. (Answer is a single word)

5,396

2.5

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-21b58d02-efac-41dd-9e9b-a8b979d09bee

<image> The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. What is the total pressure of the two gases in the container at a temperature of 200 K? (Final Answer is a value)

5,397

0.959

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-9d25c69c-778f-4953-acd8-b7f9d36b8ade

A student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated cylinder. The student's data table for this lab is as follows: Mass of lighter before gas release: 20.432 g Mass of lighter after gas release: 20.296 g Volume of gas collected: 68.40 mL Water Temperature: 19.0°C Atmospheric Pressure: 745 mmHg. Given that the vapor pressure of water at 19.0°C is 16.5 mmHg, determine the partial pressure of the butane gas collected in atmospheres. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,399

-0.4

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-29815b2e-ba34-4854-8834-5495dfe77e9f

A student performs an experiment in which a bar of unknown metal M is placed in a solution with the formula MNO$_3$. The metal is then hooked up to a copper bar in a solution of CuSO$_4$ as shown below. A salt bridge that contains aqueous KCl links the cell together. The cell potential is found to be +0.74 V. Separately, when a bar of metal M is placed in the copper sulfate solution, solid copper starts to form on the bar. When a bar of copper is placed in the MNO$_3$ solution, no visible reaction occurs. The following gives some reduction potentials for copper: Half-reactions and their standard electrode potentials (E): 1. For the reaction $ \text{Cu}^{2+} + 2\text{e}^- \rightarrow \text{Cu(s)} $, $ E = 0.34 \, \text{V} $ 2. For the reaction $ \text{Cu}^{2+} + \text{e}^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}^+ $, $ E = 0.15 \, \text{V} $ 3. For the reaction $ \text{Cu}^+ + \text{e}^- \rightarrow \text{Cu(s)} $, $ E = 0.52 \, \text{V} $. What is the standard reduction potential for metal M? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,400

$sp^2$

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-87ab6e8e-d139-4f6c-a2b5-a9c958689783

The boiling points of three different compounds are listed below, along with their formulas. What is the hybridization around atom $C_2$ in the acetaldehyde molecule? (Answer is a hybridization) <image>

5,401

0.94

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-74d9308b-f1bc-4814-bffe-a404faf1d685

A galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. Calculate $E^{\circ}_{cell}$ (V). (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,402

4.47

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-3827565d-ea2c-44b0-a053-3b7241a49942

A galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. The beaker of Sn(NO$_3$)$_2$ is disconnected from the cell, and the tin electrode is then connected to an outside source of current. Over the course of 10.0 minutes, 1.65 g of tin plates out onto the electrode. What is the amperage of the current source? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,403

271.5

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-43efc106-cc54-4ac4-8bd6-656cebdbf287

0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. The gallium continues to be heated until it fully boils. Assume ideal behavior for the gallium gas. The reaction described is the phase transition of gallium from liquid to gas: \text{Ga(l)} \rightarrow \text{Ga(g)}. For the substances involved, the standard enthalpy change ($ H^\circ $) in $\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$ is given as: For $\text{Ga(l)}\), $ H^\circ $ is $5.60 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$ For \text{Ga(g)}$, $ H^\circ $ is $277.1 \text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$. Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization for gallium in kJ mol$^{-1}$ given the above data. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,404

0.00162

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-5e8a4967-d2f6-49cb-8a31-b12f1ba75a1f

5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left out overnight. The next day, 100 mL of the saturated solution is decanted into a separate 250 mL beaker, taking care not to transfer any remaining solid. 100 mL of 0.75 $M$ KI solution is added, causing the following precipitation reaction to go to completion. Pb$^{2+}$ + 2I$^-$ → PbI$_2$(s). The PbI$_2$ is filtered out, dried, and massed. The mass of the precipitate is found to be 0.747 g. How many moles of Pb$^{2+}$ are in the PbI$_2$ precipitate? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,405

24

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-7b9ac0b5-78dd-41f3-b86e-271c1032e949

<image> A sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25.0°C to 82.3°C. The total mass of butane ignited is found to be 0.51 g, the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C, and the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. How much heat did the water gain in kJ? (Final Answer is a value)

5,406

-800

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-bd263016-7f59-40b2-be82-d74e41f1f00b

The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. Use the figure of bond dissociation energies to find ΔH° for the reaction in the figure. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,407

30

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-d40b39c7-7771-4b64-98cf-046343d1d2bd

The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. How many grams of methane must react with excess oxygen in order to release 1500 kJ of heat? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,408

289

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-24d7b6a8-d89b-465c-946c-305c0dd70f65

Ammonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) → 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond enthalpies are listed in below: The enthalpies of various bonds are given as: The N-H bond has an enthalpy of $ 388 \text{ kJ/mol} $. The N-O bond has an enthalpy of $ 210 \text{ kJ/mol} $. The N=O bond has an enthalpy of $ 630 \text{ kJ/mol} $. The N=N bond has an enthalpy of $ 409 \text{ kJ/mol} $. The N$\equiv$N bond has an enthalpy of $ 941 \text{ kJ/mol} $. The O-H bond has an enthalpy of $ 463 \text{ kJ/mol} $. Calculate the enthalpy value for the overall reaction (in J/mol×K). (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,409

376

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-47365d0a-d4b9-44e0-839b-bca8ac817b99

A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Given that the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C and assuming its density is exactly 1.00 g/mL, calculate the heat (in J) gained by the water. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,410

0.780

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-b03bbcfa-a48f-4910-9fea-d2b90701397e

A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Calculate the specific heat (J/g·°C) of aluminum from the experimental data given. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,411

13.3

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-c3858023-7347-498d-96dc-e6688e067bc0

A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. If the accepted specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/g·°C, calculate the percent error. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,412

10.34

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-74e3e304-ad35-407c-8d19-ea1e2be6ee43

A student tests the conductivity of three different acid samples, each with a concentration of 0.10 M and a volume of 20.0 mL. The conductivity was recorded in microsiemens per centimeter in the figure. The HCl solution is then titrated with a 0.150 M solution of the weak base methylamine, CH$_3$NH$_2$ . (K$_b$ = 4.38 × 10$^{–4}$). Determine the pH of the solution after 20.0 mL of methylamine has been added. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,413

1790

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-de88287a-38ae-47d5-a19a-6cfa787f2620

Two electrodes are inserted into a solution of nickel (II) fluoride and a current of 2.20 A is run through them. A list of standard reduction potentials is in the figure. How long (in seconds) would it take to create 1.2 g of Ni(s) at the cathode? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,414

1.2

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-85f6deb5-3c39-4948-aed6-487fb2f5e236

A + 2B → 2C. The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above. Calculate the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction (in the unit of M$^{−1}$sec$^{−1}). (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,415

0.111

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-ed12908a-a41a-48c3-9d7d-726c6ff3c760

<image> 2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) → 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What would the concentration of N$_2$O$_5$ in the unit of M be at t = 1500 s? (Final Answer is a value)

5,416

Beige

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-36acadac-4d9c-412e-ae2f-80c930d0d787

<image> In a city in Australia there is a population of moths that live in the grass, rarely taking flight except for short journeys. There are two phenotypes for wing color: green and beige. The largest predator of moths are birds and bats that prey upon the moths as they rest upon blades of grass. Green moths fare better in wet conditions when the grass takes on a lush green color and beige moths fare better in dry conditions when the grass turns a dry brown color. Identify which color moth was the most plentiful between 1969 and 1995? (Answer is a single word.)

5,417

Yes

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-06c6066d-f0f8-4c46-befd-926de00021e0

In this Figure , the values above branches indicate bootstrapped confidence values. Branch lengths are proportional to percent similarity in viral envelope gene sequence. TBE: tick borne encephalitis; TSE: Turkish sheep encephalitis; GGE: Greek goat encephalitis; LI: louping ill virus; SSE: Spanish sheep encephalitis; KFD: Kyasanur Forest disease virus; TYU: Tyuleniy virus; SRE: Saumarez Reef virus. Are YF and SRE are LEAST similar to GGE. （Yes or No） <image>

5,418

35

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-28400309-e9b2-403e-90d3-e3bb5bbd37c9

Researchers were interested in the effect of temperature on the respiration rate of crickets. Three chambers were prepared and kept at three different temperatures. A cricket was placed in each chamber. The CO2 levels in the chamber were recorded at 0 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes to assess the changing levels of CO2 over time. This process was repeated 50 times at each temperature. The results are indicated in the figure. Identify which temperature was associated with the highest respiration rate in the crickets. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,419

Yes

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-26846cf3-f578-4a89-91f5-4ecd6f003312

In this fictional scenario, an enzyme was discovered in reptile feces, gertimtonase, that was believed to aid in digestion and water retention. Researchers wanted to know how the enzyme's activity level changed with varying temperature. The scientists took fecal samples of Russian tortoises that were living in varying environmental temperatures. The data was summarized in the following graph. Desert tortoises live in environments where the ground temperature can exceed 60°C. Using the data above, predict how the graph would look for desert tortoise gertimtonase. Would the graph's peak would shift to the higher temperatures? (Yes or No) <image>

5,420

Increase

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-8d67d6c3-da92-48a3-a6e0-7f2f81ff14d7

Basking sharks, which can grow up to 10 m in length, have been recorded jumping out of the water as high and as fast as great white sharks. Marine biologists are unsure why they do this but have pointed to this phenomenon as evidence of how much we still have to learn about marine life. The sharks are speculated to jump out of the water only off the shores of Scotland, where they have been observed previously. A team of scientists wanted to determine if basking sharks in other areas of northern Europe can jump to similar heights. The following data were obtained by that team. Basking sharks are endotherms like most other sharks. Predict how the environment may differ between the Cornwall sampling site and the Isle of Man site, would the temperature increase or decrease? (Answer is a single word.) <image>

5,421

Yes

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-17d8bec1-8df1-43a1-a11b-d0fd7c6391ae

Photosynthesis is the process plants use to derive energy from sunlight and is associated with a cell's chloroplasts. The energy is used to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis involves light and dark phases. Figure 1 represents two initial steps associated with the light phase. The light phase supplies the dark phase with NADPH and a high-energy substrate. A researcher attempted to produce a photosynthetic system outside the living organism according to the following protocols: Chloroplasts were extracted from green leaves and ruptured, and their membranes were thereby exposed, then a solution of hexachloroplatinate ions carrying a charge of -2 was added. The structure of the composite was analyzed, and the amount of oxygen produced by the system was measured. The researcher concluded that the ions were bound to the membrane's Photosystem 1 site by the attraction of opposite charges. The resulting composite is shown in Figure 2. It was found that the hexachloroplatinate-membrane composite was photosynthetically active. Predict how the dark phases of photosynthesis were affected during this experiment, would it be active or not? (Yes or No) <image>

5,422

11

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-dbe34804-c40b-4fd6-be44-7f23cec87e47

The pedigree shown in Figure 1, numbered by individual, tracks the instances of color blindness within the family. Squares are male, circles are female, and each half of a shape represents one of the two copies of the gene. Shading represents that the allele for color blindness is present. Of the individuals with a "?", identify which of them is heterozygous. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,423

525

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-9296cbd9-7655-45df-937a-e488804bcd65

The loss of water by evaporation from the leaf openings is known as transpiration. The transpiration rates of various plants are shown below. How many liters of water per week are lost by a coconut palm? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,424

0.12

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-0de6aec1-2d09-4bf4-a05d-9580dd996b5c

The following figure shows the transfer of energy through a forest community. According to the information in the figure, what is the proportion of energy entering the first trophic level that is passed to the second trophic level? Express your answer as a value between 0 and 1, rounded to the nearest hundredth. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,425

1.6

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-26204f4f-aa50-456f-b90f-8efdb14d9159

The figure above shows the flow of energy in a community. What percent of the energy taken in by producers ends up in carnivores? Express your answer as a percent to the nearest tenth. (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,426

C

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-be9cfc9a-46fe-4fd1-a4a1-7997a5f1768b

Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed. Which line represents the bag that contained a solution isotonic to the 0.5 M solution? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>

5,427

A

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-c3d97bf7-b75d-41d2-995a-18650eb5c133

Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed. Which line represents that bag with the highest initial concentration of glucose? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>

5,428

carotene

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-0da9c929-c71f-4ff8-bcd5-ffc347382cdd

A biologist uses paper chromatography to separate pigments obtained from chloroplasts. In this procedure, leaf extracts containing a mixture of pigments are streaked near the bottom edge of a strip of chromatography paper. Chromatography paper is made of cellulose, an organic, polar molecule. The paper is mounted so that its bottom edge makes contact with a relatively nonpolar, organic solvent. After the paper touches the solvent, the solvent and the pigments in the leaf extract move up the chromatography paper. The figure that follows shows the leading edges of four pigments relative to the point of pigment application. The Rf value of a pigment is the ratio of the distance traveled by a pigment to the distance traveled by the solvent. Which pigment has the greatest Rf value? (Answer is a single word.) <image>

5,429

Yes

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-19ab20e3-bed3-47d0-b206-27b4e0d83ad4

Long periods of studying or other kinds of stressful mental activity cause the buildup of adenosine molecules in brain tissue. Adenosine is a ligand that binds to a G protein-coupled receptor on brain cells, activating a G protein by replacing its bound GDP with a GTP. A subunit of the G protein then binds to and activates adenylyl cyclase (AC), a membrane-bound effector protein. Adenylyl cyclase then catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), a second messenger. The cellular response to cAMP varies widely in different types of cells. In brain cells and other cells of the central nervous system, cAMP activates a protein kinase (PKA), which slows brain activity and causes drowsiness. Normally, cAMP concentrations in the cell are kept low by the enzyme cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), converting cAMP to regular AMP (not cyclic). But high levels of cAMP can be attained during periods of mental fatigue or other kinds of stress.Does GTP bound to a subunit of the G protein activates adenylyl cyclase (AC)? (Yes of No) <image>

5,430

A

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-697fed74-06c0-492f-84e8-7b5a456a3a75

Oxygen is transported throughout the body by hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells. The blood types A, B, and O identify red blood cells distinguished by specific sugars attached to membrane-bound proteins. There are three alleles (A, B, and O), two of which (A and B) code for enzymes that attach a specific sugar to the membrane-bound protein. The combination of any two of the three alleles results in six genotypes, producing four phenotypes, A, B, AB, and O. The following figure of a phylogenetic tree shows the nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and insertions for one possible explanation for the evolution of the ABO allele group. According to the phylogenetic tree, what is the alleles that is the most likely ancestral? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>

5,431

1065

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-d47d4a84-31bb-410c-9c7b-8a0d77e7a33a

Oxygen is transported throughout the body by hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells. The blood types A, B, and O identify red blood cells distinguished by specific sugars attached to membrane-bound proteins. There are three alleles (A, B, and O), two of which (A and B) code for enzymes that attach a specific sugar to the membrane-bound protein. The combination of any two of the three alleles results in six genotypes, producing four phenotypes, A, B, AB, and O. The following figure of a phylogenetic tree shows the nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and insertions for one possible explanation for the evolution of the ABO allele group. If the exon of the A allele contains 1065 nucleotides, how many nucleotides code for the B allele? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,432

liquid

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-86e8bb12-c07f-414e-ad56-1873a98c57b2

Questions refer to the graph below that plots the temperature of water as a function of heat energy absorbed. 1. What state of matter does the line labeled X represent? (Answer is a single word.) <image>

5,433

Y

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-5a2f0b36-a6bb-4bc5-93c7-a3dd2e981b3a

<image> Questions refer to the graph below that plots the temperature of water as a function of heat energy absorbed. What part of the graph represents the cooling effect of sweating? (Answer is a single letter.)

5,434

Yes

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-a3ddde44-0968-4dc0-bfa8-2941b5cfc893

Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus. Does 'procee I' in the provided figure indicates reverse transcriptase? (Yes or No) <image>

5,435

Yes

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-634d17a7-c4c9-4edc-9cfc-2431a7836570

Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus. Is proteins and glycoproteins the products of the viral replication process following 'process IV' as illustrated in the figure? (Yes or No) <image>

5,436

nucleus

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-a6129926-d0df-4912-a046-460e1acfef88

Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus. Where are viral genes transcribed into mRNA? (Answer is a single word.) <image>

5,437

Yes

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-89e68ef7-87f8-4ee5-bace-396bee810cca

Questions refer to the following figure that illustrates the evolution of nine species from a single ancestral species. Roman numerals I through V identify different areas of the figure. Is stabilizing selection the factor that is responsible for evolution pattern indicated by area III? (Yes or No) <image>

5,438

A

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-ddc5ae09-875b-40d6-a7c9-830068d37185

Questions refer to the following figure that illustrates the evolution of nine species from a single ancestral species. Roman numerals I through V identify different areas of the figure. What evolutionary process is suggested by the pattern observed in the diagram if it represents the introduction of a single species to a remote, newly formed island? Choose from A.adaptive radiation B. allopatric speciation C. coevolution D. multiple occurrences of gene flow (Answer is a single letter.) <image>

5,439

I

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-e5f6b07d-252d-4290-9428-8a2fb9ddd34f

<image> The enzymatic catalysis of a reaction essential in the production of dog saliva is mediated by the protein ARKKKK60491. ARKKKK60491 is a homodimer, with each subunit being 337 amino acids. Figure 1, below, indicates a modular structure of the homodimer. Three positions are indicated on the model. Position A is the active site. Position B is a region known to have a large number of nonpolar residues. Position C is known to have a large number of charged residues. A mutation is discovered in the gene for ARKKKK60491 that converts positively charged lysine residue into negatively charged glutamic acid residue. This single change directly impacts the location where the substrate to ARKKKK60491 attaches during catalysis. Which position is likely affected by this change? I. Position A II. Position B III. Position C (Answer is a single letter.)

5,440

No

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-f271dc53-0fcb-457a-b80b-82b50cb68908

The enzymatic catalysis of a reaction essential in the production of dog saliva is mediated by the protein ARKKKK60491. ARKKKK60491 is a homodimer, with each subunit being 337 amino acids. Figure 1, below, indicates a modular structure of the homodimer. Three positions are indicated on the model. Position A is the active site. Position B is a region known to have a large number of nonpolar residues. Position C is known to have a large number of charged residues. According to Figure 1, within the protein ARKKKK60491, does Position A contain polypeptide N-termini? <image>

5,441

D

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-fc05c494-cad4-4783-ad1a-ec974a81bfb9

An experiment is performed to evaluate the amount of DNA present during a complete cell cycle. All of the cells were synced prior to the start of the experiment. During the experiment, a fluorescent chemical was applied to cells, which would fluoresce only when bound to DNA. The results of the experiment are shown above. Differences in cell appearance by microscopy or changes in detected DNA were determined to be phases of the cell cycle and are labeled with the letters A-D. What phase in the experiment corresponds to the cell undergoing anaphase? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>

5,442

S

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-fb63f823-3c93-4ad3-a4bd-32888d9fd018

The cell cycle is a series of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell. It consists of four stages: G1, S, G2, and M. The duration of the cell cycle varies from one species to another and from one cell type to another. The G1 phase varies the most. For example, embryonic cells can pass through the G1 phase so quickly that it hardly exists, whereas neurons are arrested in the cell cycle and do not divide. According to the figure, During which phase do chromosomes replicate? According to the figure provided, which is the LEAST possible location for Gerdellen to be placed? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>

5,443

S

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-d5a93a59-b05c-4c25-8877-6f62857e15b1

Questions below refer to the following figures which show 5 species of insects that were discovered on a previously unknown island and were named as shown in the table. Proteomic analysis was performed on a highly conserved protein in the insects and the number of amino acid differences was calculated and included in the table below. The scientists used this data to create the phylogenetic tree shown below with positions labeled I, II, III, and IV as well as O, P, Q, R, and S. According to the figure provided,which is the LEAST possible location for Gerdellen to be placed? (Answer is a single letter.) <image>

5,444

0.5

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-b3ff43ff-c26c-4db3-916a-814b1752c3b0

Hemophilia is an X-linked disease associated with the inability to produce specific proteins in the blood-clotting pathway. In this Figure, the family members afflicted with the disease are shown with filled-in squares (male) or circles (females). A couple is trying to determine the likelihood of passing on the disease to their future children (represented by the ? symbol above) because the hemophilia runs in the woman’s family. Assuming that the woman in the couple is a carrier, what is the probability that the couple’s first son will have hemophilia? (Final Answer is a value) <image>

5,445

E

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-0d77720e-f8bd-41da-b016-5576e570cc2a

A study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of varying amounts of vitamin C in reducing the number of common colds. A survey of 450 people provided the following information: Is there evidence of a relationship between catching a cold and taking vitamin C? A. The data prove that vitamin C reduces the number of common colds. B. The data prove that vitamin C has no effect on the number of common colds. C. There is sufficient evidence at the 1% significance level of a relationship between taking vitamin C and catching fewer colds. D. There is sufficent evidence at the 10% significance level, but not at the 1% significance level, of a relationship between taking vitamin C and catching fewer colds. E. There is not sufficient evidence at the 10% level of a relationship between takng vitamin C and catching fewer colds. <image>

5,459

B

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-84901a50-9084-4ede-bbdb-9b69bd5d2709

Based on the strength of the intermolecular forces in each substance, estimate from greatest to smallest the vapor pressures of each substance in liquid state at the same temperature. A. propane > ethanal > ethene > methanol B. ethene > propane > ethanal > methanol C. ethanal > methanol > ethene > propane D. methanol > ethanal > propane > ethene <image>

5,587

D

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-6c50ecfa-44ba-45f2-ad8d-e7902ea12ec4

<image> When in liquid state, which two substances are most likely to be miscible with water? A. propane and ethene B. methanol and propane C. ethene and ethanal D. methanol and ethanal

5,588

C

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-890d78e1-e12b-41d5-a3ee-3844fb99692f

The graph below shows the amount of potential energy between two hydrogen atoms as the distance between them changes. At which point in the graph would a molecule of $H_2$ be the most stable? A. Point A B. Point B C. Point C D. Point D <image>

5,589

D

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-300b6d0a-036f-4983-8b97-029341d97fcf

The following diagram shows the relative atomic sizes of three different elements from the same period. Which of the following statements must be true? A. The effective nuclear charge would be the greatest in element X. B. The first ionization energy will be greatest in element X. C. The electron shielding effect will be greatest in element Z. D. The electronegativity value will be greatest in element Z. <image>

5,590

C

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-101f2f31-a62b-4f63-8007-4d72be22a06d

Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. Correctly identify the anode and cathode in this reaction as well as where oxidation and reduction are taking place. A. Cu is the anode where oxidation occurs, and Zn is the cathode where reduction occurs. B. Cu is the anode where reduction occurs, and Zn is the cathode where oxidation occurs. C. Zn is the anode where oxidation occurs, and Cu is the cathode where reduction occurs. D. Zn is the anode where reduction occurs, and Cu is the cathode where oxidation occurs. <image>

5,591

B

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-73b07a05-6bed-4073-9cd5-1f182d39132e

Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. How many moles of electrons must be transferred to create 127 g of copper? A. 1 mole of electrons B. 2 moles of electrons C. 3 moles of electrons D. 4 moles of electrons <image>

5,592

B

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-1768525f-dc68-4bfc-884c-5c208d3ac51a

Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. If the $Cu^+ + e^- → Cu(s)$ half reaction has a standard reduction potential of +0.52 V, what is the standard reduction potential for the $Zn^{2+} + 2e^- → Zn(s)$ half reaction? A. +0.76 V B. -0.76 V C. +0.24 V D. -0.24 V <image>

5,593

C

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-1c360b13-dd7b-43fd-a88a-c29127b09d31

Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. As the reaction progresses, what will happen to the overall voltage of the cell? A. It will increase as [$Zn^{2+}$] increases. B. It will increase as [$Cu^{+}$] increases. C. It will decrease as [$Zn^{2+}$] increases. D. The voltage will remain constant. <image>

5,594

A

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-60769a5b-f2e4-4006-a1d6-6a202022d43a

Two half-cells are set up as follows: Half-Cell A: Strip of Cu(s) in $CuNO_3(aq)$ Half-Cell B: Strip of Zn(s) in $Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)$ When the cells are connected according to the following diagram, the following reaction occurs. What will happen in the salt bridge as the reaction progresses? A. The Na+ ions will flow to the Cu/Cu+ half-cell. B. The Br- ions will flow to the Cu/Cu+ half-cell. C. Electrons will transfer from the Cu/Cu+ half-cell to the Zn/Zn2+ half-cell. D. Electrons will transfer from the Zn/Zn2+ half-cell to the Cu/Cu+ half-cell. <image>

5,595

C

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-0202598b-dc5c-4788-ad9a-33ef78e9365e

A solution of carbonic acid, $H_2CO_3$, is titrated with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The following graph is produced. In addition to $OH^-$, what species are present in the solution during section III of the graph? A. $H_2CO_3$, $HCO_3^-$, and $CO_3^{2-}$ B. $H_2CO_3$ and $HCO_3^-$ C. $HCO_3^-$ and $CO_3^{2-}$ D. $H_2CO_3$ and $CO_3^{2-}$ <image>

5,596

C

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-644e7629-b551-4796-acc2-ff1126801911

A solution of carbonic acid, H2CO3, is titrated with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The following graph is produced. What is the magnitude of the first dissociation constant? A. 10e-2 B. 10e-4 C. 10e-6 D. 10e-8 <image>

5,597

C

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-8b1aa80b-a115-4a86-9588-ba80379afa9e

A solution of carbonic acid, H2CO3, is titrated with sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The following graph is produced. If the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is increased prior to repeating the titration, what effect, if any, would that have on the graph? A. The graph would not change at all. B. The pH values at the equivalence points would increase. C. The equivalence points would be reached with less volume of NaOH added. D. The slope of the equivalence points would decrease. <image>

5,598

B

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-1926ae9c-d2f6-4314-ba8c-9ba2430d0810

Two solutions of potassium carbonate and sodium chloride are mixed together, and the particulate representation below shows what is present after the reaction has gone to completion. Which of the two original solutions is the limiting reagent and why? A. The potassium carbonate, because of the polyatomic anion B. The potassium carbonate, because there is no carbonate left after the reaction C. The calcium chloride, because there is an excess of calcium ions post-reaction D. The calcium chloride, because the component ions are smaller than those in potassium carbonate <image>

5,599

D

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-126244cd-763a-4379-a7b2-550eca1ec589

The structure of two oxoacids is shown below. Which would be a stronger acid, and why? A. HOCl, because the H–O bond is weaker than in HOF as chlorine is larger than fluorine B. HOCl, because the H–O bond is stronger than in HOF as chlorine has a higher electronegativity than fluorine C. HOF, because the H–O bond is stronger than in HOCl as fluorine has a higher electronegativity than chlorine D. HOF, because the H–O bond is weaker than in HOCl as fluorine is smaller than chlorine <image>

5,600

A

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-cfbaa227-7411-471b-b014-2b9d7c655934

The following diagrams show the Lewis structures of four different molecules. Which molecule would travel the farthest in a paper chromatography experiment using a polar solvent? A. Methanol B. Pentane C. Acetone D. Ether <image>

5,601

C

(GradeSchool) Science

Processed-5db4eae9-04c4-4139-bb59-f2c7ec944dc4

Four different acids are added to beakers of water, and the following diagrams represent the species present in each solution at equilibrium. Which acid has the highest pH? A. Acid 1 B. Acid 2 C. Acid 3 D. Acid 4 <image>

5,602

Datasets:

Quinn777
/

ViRL39K-GradeSchool__Science

Collection including Quinn777/ViRL39K-GradeSchool__Science

virl39k