val.jsonl

{"title": "Last Supper", "date": "2025-07-10", "input": "Image:The Last Supper - Leonardo Da Vinci - High Resolution 32x16.jpg|thumb|400px|alt=The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci - Clickable Image|The Last Supper (1495-1498). Mural, tempera on gesso, pitch and mastic, 700 x 880 cm (22.9 x 28.8 ft). In the Santa Maria delle Grazie Church, Milan, Italy, it is Leonardo da Vinci's dramatic interpretation of Jesus' last meal before death. Depictions of the Last Supper in Christian art have been undertaken by artistic masters for centuries, Leonardo da Vinci's late-1490s mural painting, being the best-known example. (Clickable image--use cursor to identify.) poly 550 2550 750 2400 1150 2300 1150 2150 1200 2075 1500 2125 1525 2300 1350 2800 1450 3000 1700 3300 1300 3475 650 3500 550 3300 450 3000 Bartholomew poly 1575 2300 1625 2150 1900 2150 1925 2500 1875 2600 1800 2750 1600 3250 1425 3100 1400 2800 1375 2600 James Minor poly 1960 2150 2200 2150 2350 2500 2450 2575 2375 2725 2375 2900 2225 3100 2225 3225 1600 3225 1825 2700 1975 2450 1925 2300 Andrew poly 2450 2575 2775 2500 2700 2650 2800 2700 2600 3000 2600 3250 2300 3250 2200 3200 2300 3000 Peter poly 2750 2500 2950 2400 3125 2600 3175 2700 3300 2850 3700 3200 3750 3200 3650 3350 3400 3200 3000 3350 2600 3325 2750 2800 2900 2700 2700 2650 Judas poly 3000 2350 3300 2350 3350 2660 3560 2600 3565 2690 3250 2800 3125 2575 Peter poly 3332 2338 3528 2240 4284 3024 4074 3332 3864 3290 3780 3150 3668 3192 3598 3024 3374 2870 3388", "id": 3, "diff": 3630, "label": 0}
{"title": "Pac-12 Conference Women's Basketball Player of the Year", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "The Pac-12 Conference Women's Basketball Player of the Year is a basketball award given to the Pac-12 Conference's most outstanding player. The award was first given following the 1986-87 season, the first year in which the league then known as the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) officially sponsored women's sports. Currently, two bodies vote for players of the year. The league's head coaches have selected a winner since the award's inception, and media members who cover Pac-12 women's basketball began presenting their own version of the award in the 2009-10 season. As is the case with the corresponding men's award, coaches are not allowed to vote for their own players. Eight players have won the award more than once, but only one, Candice Wiggins of Stanford, has won three times. Four players, all from Stanford, have won a major end-of-season national award in the year that they won the conference award. Jennifer Azzi claimed the Naismith Award and Wade Trophy in 1990; Kate Starbird won the Naismith Award in 1997; Wiggins earned the Wade Trophy in 2008; and Chiney Ogwumike won the Wooden Award in 2014. There have been three shared awards. Starbird and Tanja Kostic of Oregon State tied for the coaches' award in 1996. In 2015, Reshanda Gray of California won the coaches' award and Ruth Hamblin of Oregon State won the media award. The following year, Jamie Weisner of Oregon State won the coaches' award outright and shared the media award with Jillian Alleyne of Oregon. The list of honorees has been dominated by Stanford,", "id": 1, "diff": 1238, "label": 1}
{"title": "Seatrium", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Sembcorp Marine Limited is part of SembCorp Industries, an Asian company based in Singapore. It is listed on the Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX). The current President and CEO of Sembcorp Marine is Mr Wong Weng Sun. Sembcorp Marine provides engineering solutions across the offshore and marine value chain in four key areas: Rigs & Floaters, Repairs & Upgrades, Offshore Platforms and Specialised Shipbuilding.", "id": 40, "diff": 339, "label": 1}
{"title": "Bath Spa University", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Bath Spa University is a public university based on numerous campuses near Bath, England. The institution was previously known as Bath College of Higher Education, and later Bath Spa University College. It gained full university status in August 2005. It is the UK's sixth biggest provider of Teacher Education. The university has been consistently ranked as one of the best creative universities in the UK by Which? every year since 2012.", "id": 46, "diff": 295, "label": 1}
{"title": "Lubumbashi", "date": "2025-07-07", "input": "Lubumbashi , formerly Elisabethville , is the second-largest city in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, located in the country's southeasternmost part, along the border with Zambia. The capital and principal city of the Haut-Katanga Province, Lubumbashi is the center of mining in the region, acting as a hub for many of the country's largest mining companies. No definite population figures are available, but the population of the city's urban area is estimated to be around 2,584,000 in 2021.", "id": 44, "diff": 320, "label": 0}
{"title": "Padampur, Rajasthan", "date": "2025-06-15", "input": "Padampur is a City and a municipality, just 39 km from Sri Ganganagar city in Sri Ganganagar District in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The city was named after Rajkumar Padam Singh of royal family of Bikaner.", "id": 18, "diff": 116, "label": 0}
{"title": "Lebesgue integral", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "In mathematics, the integral of a non-negative function of a single variable can be regarded, in the simplest case, as the area between the graph of that function and the -axis. The Lebesgue integral extends the integral to a larger class of functions. It also extends the domains on which these functions can be defined. Mathematicians had long understood that for non-negative functions with a smooth enough graph--such as continuous functions on closed bounded intervals--the area under the curve could be defined as the integral, and computed using approximation techniques on the region by polygons. However, as the need to consider more irregular functions arose--e.g., as a result of the limiting processes of mathematical analysis and the mathematical theory of probability--it became clear that more careful approximation techniques were needed to define a suitable integral. Also, one might wish to integrate on spaces more general than the real line. The Lebesgue integral provides the right abstractions needed to do this important job. The Lebesgue integral plays an important role in probability theory, in the branch of mathematics called real analysis and in many other fields in the mathematical sciences. It is named after Henri Lebesgue (1875-1941), who introduced the integral . It is also a pivotal part of the axiomatic theory of probability. The term Lebesgue integration can mean either the general theory of integration of a function with respect to a general measure, as introduced by Lebesgue, or the specific case of integration of a function defined on a sub-domain of the real line with", "id": 35, "diff": 822, "label": 1}
{"title": "Gutowski", "date": "2025-02-20", "input": "Gutowski (feminine Gutowska) is a Polish surname. It is a surname of a Polish szlachta (nobility) which is one of the oldest recorded names of Polish nobility. The first surviving record found is in 1241 as the Chancellor of Poland, Wawrzeta Gutowski. Most of the families belong to the Clan of Slepowron (nobility), one of the original clans, located south of Warsaw, in the Duchy of Masovia. Than later the name was spread into 4 other clans. Polish nobility is not like any other nobility. One is they don't get letters of patents from a king, the state can not remove nobility, the nobility is given full title to all decedents, male and female if they follow the rules of the nobility.", "id": 17, "diff": 596, "label": 0}
{"title": "1816\u201317 United States House of Representatives elections", "date": "2025-07-27", "input": "The 1816-17 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between April 30, 1816, and August 14, 1817. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 15th United States Congress convened on December 1, 1817. The size of the House increased to 184 after Indiana and Mississippi achieved statehood. The Democratic-Republican Party entered the election with a large majority, yet made sizable gains, helping trigger the virtually nonpartisan Era of Good Feelings under new President James Monroe, elected in 1816. Two major events combined to help eliminate the declining Federalist Party from meaningful contention. First, the War of 1812 had concluded in 1815 with a feeling of national pride and relief, with the small American military fighting the much more powerful British forces to a draw punctuated by General Andrew Jackson's dramatic victory at the Battle of New Orleans. Federalists had opposed the risky but ultimately successful war, with some New England Federalists advocating radical measures at the Hartford Convention. Second, the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora in present-day Indonesia, itself the most powerful in recorded history and following other major eruptions, temporarily disrupted global climate. The effects severely damaged the agricultural economy of New England, where Federalist support was strongest, causing privation, popular discontent, and mass emigration westward.", "id": 42, "diff": 1057, "label": 0}
{"title": "Laura Vickerson", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Laura Vickerson (born 1959 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian artist who works in mixed media using natural materials, for example flower petals and fabric, in a site-specific situation. She has exhibited at the 5th Istanbul Biennial in 1997, Textile Museum of Canada, Surrey Art Gallery, the Southern Alberta Art Gallery and the Oakville Galleries, Ontario. Vickerson is currently a professor in Fiber, Alberta College of Art and Design.", "id": 27, "diff": 292, "label": 1}
{"title": "Simian immunodeficiency virus", "date": "2025-07-19", "input": "Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is a species of retrovirus that cause persistent infections in at least 45 species of non-human primates. Based on analysis of strains found in four species of monkeys from Bioko Island, which was isolated from the mainland by rising sea levels about 11,000 years ago, it has been concluded that SIV has been present in monkeys and apes for at least 32,000 years, and probably much longer.. Virus strains from three of these primate species, SIVsmm in sooty mangabeys, SIVgor in gorillas and SIVcpz in chimpanzees, are believed to have crossed the species barrier into humans, resulting in HIV-2 and HIV-1 respectively, the two HIV viruses. The most likely route of transmission of HIV-1 to humans involves contact with the blood of chimps and gorillas that are often hunted for bushmeat in Africa. Four subtypes of HIV-1 (M, N, O, and P) likely arose through four separate transmissions of SIV to humans, and the resulting HIV-1 group M strain most commonly infects people worldwide. Therefore, it is theorized that SIV may have previously crossed the species barrier into human hosts multiple times throughout history, but it was not until recently, after the advent of modern transportation and global commuterism, that it finally took hold, spreading beyond localized decimations of a few individuals or single small tribal populations. Unlike HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in humans, SIV infections in their natural simian non-human hosts appear in many cases to be non-pathogenic due to evolutionary adaptation of the hosts to the virus. Extensive studies in", "id": 48, "diff": 915, "label": 0}
{"title": "Shekhar Sen", "date": "2025-03-19", "input": "Shekhar Sen is a singer, a music composer, a lyricist, and an actor. Sen is famous for his monoact musical plays that he researched, written, composed, enacted, and directed: \"Tulsi\", \"Kabeer\", \"Vivekanand\", \"Saahab\" & \"Soordas\".", "id": 47, "diff": 116, "label": 0}
{"title": "Volodymyr Pravyk", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Volodymyr Pavlovych Pravyk (Ukrainian: Volodimir Pavlovich Pravik, ; 13 June 1962 - 11 May 1986) was a Soviet firefighter who died from radiation burns suffered in the Chernobyl disaster. He was posthumously awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union, the Order of Lenin, and the Ukrainian Star For Courage, which later became the Order For Courage. He was laid to rest at Mitinskoe Cemetery in Moscow along with 27 other firefighters who died in the Chernobyl disaster.", "id": 43, "diff": 329, "label": 1}
{"title": "1816\u201317 United States House of Representatives elections", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 15th Congress were held in the various states between April 1816 (in New York) and August 14, 1817 (in North Carolina). The Congress first met on December 1, 1817. The Democratic-Republican Party made significant gains during this election cycle, which helped to usher in what is known as the Era of Good Feelings under President James Monroe, who was elected that year. The Federalist Party was in a state of collapse, in part because of the secessionist doctrine espoused by some party members from New England at the Hartford Convention of 1814-15. This created an almost treasonous image of the Federalist party outside its base in urban New England. The War of 1812 concluded in 1815 with a feeling of national pride, since the small American military had fought the much more powerful British forces to a stalemate. The end of the war and the foolhardy posturing of New England Federalists led voters to rally around the dominant Democratic-Republicans and usher in a period of nonpartisan, consensus governance, despite the remnants of party divisions. The proportion of seats held by the Federalist party in the House of Representatives fell to less than a quarter. Even at that, the election of 1816 gave them the highest proportion of seats that they were ever able to secure before the national party ceased to function as of 1824. In the same period, the Democratic-Republicans enjoyed majorities never again approached by any American political party until the era of Reconstruction", "id": 42, "diff": 1057, "label": 1}
{"title": "Padampur, Rajasthan", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Padampur is a city and a municipality in Ganganagar district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The city was named after a member of the Bikaner State royal family, Rajkumar Padam Singh, son of Raja Karan Singh (1631-1669).", "id": 18, "diff": 116, "label": 1}
{"title": "Renton, Washington", "date": "2025-07-28", "input": "Renton is a city in King County, Washington, United States, and an inner-ring suburb of Seattle. Situated southeast of downtown Seattle, Renton straddles the southeast shore of Lake Washington, at the mouth of the Cedar River. As of the 2020 census, the population of Renton was 106,785, up from 90,927 at the 2010 census. The city is currently the 6th most populous municipality in greater Seattle and the 8th most populous city in Washington. After a long history as an important salmon fishing area for Native Americans, Renton was first settled by people of European descent in the 1860s. Its early economy was based on coal mining, clay production, and timber export. Today, Renton is best known as the final assembly point for the Boeing 737 family of commercial airplanes, but it is also home to a growing number of well-known manufacturing, technology, and healthcare organizations, including Boeing Commercial Airplanes Division, Paccar, Kaiser Permanente, Providence Health & Services, UW Medicine, and Wizards of the Coast.", "id": 25, "diff": 646, "label": 0}
{"title": "Miss Earth M\u00e9xico 2009", "date": "2025-05-04", "input": "The 3rd annual Miss Earth Mexico pageant, was held at the Yucatan Siglo XXI Convention Centre in Merida, Yucatan on September 29, 2009. Thirty-two delegates from the Republic of Mexico will competed for the national title. At the end of the event, Abigail Elizalde crowned her successor Natalia Quinones as Miss Earth Mexico. Represented Mexico at the Miss Earth 2009 pageant which held in Boracay, Malay, Aklan, Philippines on 22 November where she did not placed.", "id": 16, "diff": 264, "label": 0}
{"title": "Scott Thomson (baseball)", "date": "2025-06-16", "input": "Scott S. Thomson (born November 12, 1968) is an American baseball coach. He played college baseball at Old Dominion, earning Virginia College Baseball Player of the Year as a senior in addition to numerous other awards. He played professionally for two seasons with the Erie Sailors before turning to coaching. He then served as the head baseball coach of the Mount St. Mary's Mountaineers (1998-2020).", "id": 13, "diff": 227, "label": 0}
{"title": "Quills (film)", "date": "2025-07-21", "input": "Quills is a 2000 historical drama film directed by Philip Kaufman and adapted from the Obie award-winning 1995 play by Doug Wright, who also wrote the original screenplay. Inspired by Marquis de Sade, the film re-imagines the last years of the Marquis's incarceration in the insane asylum at Charenton. It stars Geoffrey Rush as de Sade, Kate Winslet as laundress Madeleine \"Maddie\" LeClerc, Joaquin Phoenix as the Abbe de Coulmier, and Michael Caine as Dr. Royer-Collard. Well received by critics, Quills garnered acclaim for its performances from Rush and Winslet and for its screenplay. The film received nominations for three Academy Awards, four BAFTA Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, and two Screen Actors Guild Awards. The National Board of Review named it the Best Film of 2000. The Writers Guild of America awarded Doug Wright with the Paul Selvin Award. The film was a modest art house success, averaging $27,709 per screen its debut weekend, and eventually grossing $17,989,277 internationally. Noted for its artistic licenses, Quills filmmakers and writers said they were not making a biography of de Sade, but exploring issues such as censorship, pornography, sex, art, mental illness, and religion.", "id": 4, "diff": 664, "label": 0}
{"title": "Monoid", "date": "2025-06-03", "input": "In abstract algebra, a monoid is a set equipped with an associative binary operation and an identity element. For example, the nonnegative integers with addition form a monoid, the identity element being . Monoids are semigroups with identity. Such algebraic structures occur in several branches of mathematics. The functions from a set into itself form a monoid with respect to function composition. More generally, in category theory, the morphisms of an object to itself form a monoid, and, conversely, a monoid may be viewed as a category with a single object. In computer science and computer programming, the set of strings built from a given set of characters is a free monoid. Transition monoids and syntactic monoids are used in describing finite-state machines. Trace monoids and history monoids provide a foundation for process calculi and concurrent computing. In theoretical computer science, the study of monoids is fundamental for automata theory (Krohn-Rhodes theory), and formal language theory (star height problem). See semigroup for the history of the subject, and some other general properties of monoids.", "id": 7, "diff": 583, "label": 0}
{"title": "Greens (South Tyrol)", "date": "2025-06-23", "input": "The Greens are a green (with eco-socialist and self-proclaimed social-democratic tendencies) political party active in South Tyrol, northern Italy. Once the provincial section of the Federation of the Greens, the party is now autonomous and often forms different alliances at the country-level, but both joined Green Europe, a coalition of green parties for the 2019 European Parliament election, and the Greens and Left Alliance, a coalition with Italian Left for the 2022 general election. The Greens are inter-ethnic and strive to improve relations between the three language groups of the Province: Italian-, German- and Ladin-speakers. Since 2024, the party's spokespersons have been Luca Bertolini and Elide Mussner.", "id": 2, "diff": 433, "label": 0}
{"title": "Atkinson Academy", "date": "2025-07-21", "input": "Atkinson Academy is a public elementary school at 17 Academy Avenue in Atkinson, New Hampshire. It is a part of the Timberlane Regional School District. Built in 1803, it is claimed to be the oldest standing co-educational school in the United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.", "id": 38, "diff": 186, "label": 0}
{"title": "Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Uttarakhand Technical University is a public university in the Indian state of Uttarakhand set up by the Government of Uttarakhand on January 27, 2005, through the Uttarakhand Technical University Act 2005. It has four constituent institutes, SIT Pithoragarh, THDC-IHET Tehri, WIT Dehradun, and IT Gopeshwar. Approximately 125 affiliated Colleges are spread all over the state. It offers courses in Engineering, Management, Law, Pharmacy, Architecture, Hotel Management and Information Technology.", "id": 9, "diff": 240, "label": 1}
{"title": "Zapata Swamp", "date": "2024-10-28", "input": "The Zapata Swamp is a swamp area located on the Zapata Peninsula in the southern Matanzas Province of Cuba, in the municipality of Cienaga de Zapata. It is located less than southeast of Havana.", "id": 37, "diff": 110, "label": 0}
{"title": "Audio time stretching and pitch scaling", "date": "2025-06-10", "input": "Time stretching is the process of changing the speed or duration of an audio signal without affecting its pitch. Pitch scaling is the opposite: the process of changing the pitch without affecting the speed. Pitch shift is pitch scaling implemented in an effects unit and intended for live performance. Pitch control is a simpler process which affects pitch and speed simultaneously by slowing down or speeding up a recording. These processes are often used to match the pitches and tempos of two pre-recorded clips for mixing when the clips cannot be reperformed or resampled. Time stretching is often used to adjust radio commercials and the audio of television advertisements to fit exactly into the 30 or 60 seconds available. It can be used to conform longer material to a designated time slot, such as a 1-hour broadcast.", "id": 41, "diff": 410, "label": 0}
{"title": "Pristimantis inusitatus", "date": "2025-07-25", "input": "Pristimantis inusitatus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and known from scattered localities along the eastern slopes of the Andes. Common name barking robber frog has been coined for it.", "id": 21, "diff": 117, "label": 0}
{"title": "KZXY-FM", "date": "2025-02-17", "input": "KZXY-FM (102.3 MHz) is a commercial radio station that is licensed to Apple Valley, California and serves the Victor Valley region of the Mojave Desert, in San Bernardino County. The station is owned by El Dorado Broadcasters and airs a hot adult contemporary music format. The KZXY-FM studios are located in the city of Victorville.", "id": 29, "diff": 188, "label": 0}
{"title": "2014 WTA Finals \u2013 Singles", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Two-time defending champion Serena Williams successfully defended her title by beating Simona Halep in the final, 6-3, 6-0. Williams became the third female player to win three consecutive WTA Tour Championships singles titles, and the first since Monica Seles in 1992. During the tournament, Williams sealed her second consecutive and fourth overall year-end World No. 1 Ranking. She became the first woman to hold the No. 1 ranking for the entire calendar year since Steffi Graf in 1996. For the first time since 2004 and only for the second time, a player didn't reach semifinal despite having 2-1 Round Robin record. It was Ana Ivanovic, who would have reached semifinal if she had defeated Halep in straight sets in last Round Robin match. She would then overtake place in semifinal from eventual champion Williams.", "id": 12, "diff": 457, "label": 1}
{"title": "Negative and positive rights", "date": "2025-04-14", "input": "Negative and positive rights are rights that oblige either inaction (negative rights) or action (positive rights). These obligations may be of either a legal or moral character. The notion of positive and negative rights may also be applied to liberty rights. To take an example involving two parties in a court of law: Adrian has a negative right to x against Clay, if and only if Clay is prohibited to act upon Adrian in some way regarding x. In contrast, Adrian has a positive right to x against Clay, if and only if Clay is obliged to act upon Adrian in some way regarding x. A case in point, if Adrian has a negative right to life against Clay, then Clay is required to refrain from killing Adrian; while if Adrian has a positive right to life against Clay, then Clay is required to act as necessary to preserve the life of Adrian. Negative rights may include civil and political rights such as freedom of speech, life, private property, freedom from violent crime, protection against being defrauded, freedom of religion, habeas corpus, a fair trial, and the right not to be enslaved by another. Positive rights, as initially proposed in 1979 by the Czech jurist Karel Vasak, may include other civil and political rights such as the right to counsel and police protection of person and property. Additionally, they may include economic, social and cultural rights such as food, housing, public education, employment, national security, military, health care, social security, internet access, and a minimum standard", "id": 6, "diff": 1422, "label": 0}
{"title": "Fiat 500 (2007)", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "The Fiat 500 is a two-door, four-passenger, transverse front-engine, front wheel drive city car manufactured and marketed by the Fiat subdivision of FCA since 2007 in hatchback coupe and fixed-profile cabriolet body styles, over a single generation -- and available in European markets beginning with model year 2016 with its first facelift. The 500 is internally designated as the Type 312 by FCA. Derived from the 2004 Fiat Trepiuno 3+1 concept (designed by Roberto Giolito), the 500's styling recalls Fiat's original 1957 Fiat 500, nicknamed the Bambino -- a model that was designed and engineered by Dante Giacosa with more than 4 million sold over its 18-year (1957-1975) production span. Translated from concept to production design under the design direction of Frank Stephenson, the 500 features Dante Giacosa's 1964 breakthrough front-wheel drive breakthrough layout -- which ultimately became an industry standard, the layout \"adopted by virtually every other manufacturer in the world\" for front-wheel drive The 500 uses Fiat's Multiair hydraulically actuated variable valve timing (VVT) engine technology, winner of the 2010 International Engine of the Year as well as Popular Science's Best of What's New. Announced on May 5, 2006, photographs of the 500 were presented on March 20, 2007, officially debuting on July 4, 2007, with 250,000 people in attendance and with new models prominently displayed in 30 Italian cities. Manufactured in Tychy, Poland and Toluca, Mexico, the 500 is marketed in more than 100 countries worldwide, including North America, where the 500 marked Fiat's market return after 27 years. With the millionth Fiat", "id": 28, "diff": 1187, "label": 1}
{"title": "Rock Eisteddfod Challenge", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "The Rock Eisteddfod Challenge is a series of dance and drama events staged worldwide by school pupils as part of the Global Rock Challenge. These events are initiated by the Rock Eisteddfod Challenge Foundation, and aim to promote healthy lifestyle choices, particularly abstinence from drugs, alcohol and cigarettes. An event was started for primary students - J Rock - in 2004 to raise awareness about obesity by promoting dance as a fun way to exercise. Rock Eisteddfod shows are stories on stage in 8 minutes. Participants can have between 10 and 120 students on stage, as well as up to 20 back stage crew. The entire show is set to a pre-recorded soundtrack of contemporary music, and the aim is to use dancing and drama to tell the story. There are also sets and costumes to be thought of and the performances often combine elements from the whole arts curriculum. Schools choose their own theme and story and work collaboratively with teachers and parents to bring their ideas to life. It was announced on Tuesday 9 February 2010, that due to lack of funding, the event would not take place in 2010.", "id": 31, "diff": 882, "label": 1}
{"title": "Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1990", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Norway was represented by Ketil Stokkan, with the song '\"Brandenburger Tor\", at the 1990 Eurovision Song Contest, which took place on 5 May in Zagreb. \"Brandenburger Tor\" was chosen as the Norwegian entry at the Melodi Grand Prix on 24 March. Stokkan had previously represented Norway in 1986.", "id": 22, "diff": 182, "label": 1}
{"title": "Seatrium", "date": "2025-06-29", "input": "Seatrium Limited is a Singaporean state-owned company. Formed in 2023, from the acquisition of Keppel Offshore & Marine by Sembcorp Marine which was subsequently renamed Seatrium, the company is listed on the Singapore Exchange (SGX). Seatrium's products and services include rigs & floaters, repairs & upgrades, offshore platforms and specialised shipbuilding. It conducts its businesses globally through shipyards in Singapore, Indonesia, the United Kingdom and Brazil.", "id": 40, "diff": 339, "label": 0}
{"title": "Black Vaudeville", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Black Vaudeville was based on performances that came out of the movement and style of African Americans. The vaudeville years were the early 1880s until the early 1930. These acts were unique on the vaudeville scene because the performers brought in different experience that the white performers could not convey. Although African-American performers were mistreated, a Vaudeville gig was better than being a maid or farm worker. Vaudeville had what they called circuits to keep the show business at the time organized. It was difficult for a black performer to be accepted into the white circuit due to the racial issues of the time. Eventually, black circuits were created to give black performers more opportunities. Black Vaudeville made it possible for African Americans to enjoy entertainment through their own heritage.", "id": 14, "diff": 597, "label": 1}
{"title": "Indomaret", "date": "2025-06-02", "input": "PT Indomarco Prismatama, doing business as Indomaret, is an Indonesian chain of retail convenience stores with over 21,900 locations in 32 provinces across the nation. The chain, owned by Indoritel and headquartered in Jakarta, is the first and largest chain of convenience stores in Indonesia. The first Indomaret store was opened in Ancol, northern Jakarta, in June 1988. By 2014, the brand had 10,600 outlets. 60% of its stores are self-owned and franchised, while the remaining 40% are company-owned, scattered in towns across Greater Jakarta, Sumatra (except West Sumatra, where its permit was cancelled for the protection of small traders), Java, Madura, Nusa Tenggara Islands, Kalimantan, Maluku Islands, Sulawesi, and Western New Guinea. Indomaret has two sub-brands: Indomaret Point, which serves fast food and includes seating areas, and the larger Indomaret Fresh, which sells fruits, vegetables, and meats.", "id": 39, "diff": 649, "label": 0}
{"title": "Butwal", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Butwal is a sub-metropolitan city and the urban core of a rapidly growing urban agglomeration in Nepal. It lies in Western Development Region, Lumbini Zone in Rupandehi District and is the administrative headquarter for Lumbini Zone. It is situated at the bank of Tilottama River Tinau River, 265 km west of Kathmandu, 161 km south of Pokhara, 147 km east of Ghorahi, Dang and 22 km north of Siddharthanagar Bhairawaha, at the northern edge of the Terai plain below the Siwalik Hills. Its name, Butwal is derived from Batauli Bazaar, the town's oldest area which is located on the west side of Tinau river. Geographically, Butwal is the intersection of Nepal's two different National Highways, Mahendra Highway and Siddhartha Highway. It connects western Nepal with capital Kathmandu through highway and air links (via airport at Siddharthanagar). It is one of the fastest-growing cities in Nepal for education, infrastructure, highway, marketing, health and safety, communication, trade and banking sectors. It has highway connections to the Indian border at Sunauli and to the hilly towns in Tansen and Pokhara valley, and has held the title of being \"The Best City in Nepal\" four times in a row. Some notable areas of Butwal are: A few metres before the Butwal gate (The gate from which Butwal City commences), The Industrial Area accompanying 'Charange', a residential area, notable for ravishing natural beauty. The following areas commence as the entry on Butwal Gate reading \"Welcome to Butwal\" Banner. *Traffic Chowk - also known as center of Butwal *Amar path - usually", "id": 8, "diff": 1491, "label": 1}
{"title": "Miss Earth M\u00e9xico 2009", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "The Miss Earth Mexico 2009, the eighth edition of the pageant, was held at the Yucatan Siglo XXI Convention Centre in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico on September 29, 2009. Thirty-two delegates competed for the national title, which was won by Natalia Quinonez from Jalisco. Quinonez was crowned by Miss Earth Mexico 2008, Abigail Elizalde from Coahuila. Miss Earth Mexico 2009 represented the country in the international Miss Earth 2009.", "id": 16, "diff": 264, "label": 1}
{"title": "Southeast Asian coral reefs", "date": "2025-07-18", "input": "Southeast Asian coral reefs have the highest levels of biodiversity for the world's marine ecosystems. They serve many functions, such as forming the livelihood for subsistence fishermen and even function as jewelry and construction materials. Corals inhabit coastal waters off of every continent except Antarctica, with an abundance of reefs residing along Southeast Asian coastline in several countries including Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand. Coral reefs are developed by the carbonate-based skeletons of a variety of animals and algae. Slowly and over time, the reefs build up to the surface in oceans. Coral reefs are found in shallow, warm salt water. The sunlight filters through clear water and allows microscopic organisms to live and reproduce. Coral reefs are actually composed of tiny, fragile animals known as coral polyps. Coral reefs are significantly important because of the biodiversity. Although the number of fish are decreasing, the remaining coral reefs contain more unique sea creatures. The variety of species living on a coral reef is greater than anywhere else in the world. An estimation of 70-90% of fish caught are dependent on coral reefs in Southeast Asia and reefs support over 25% of all known marine species. However, despite their importance, Southeast Asian coral reefs are under severe threat from various factors, including overfishing, sedimentation, pollution, bleaching, ocean acidification, and human impacts. Bleaching events, triggered by rising sea temperatures, cause corals to expel the algae living in their tissues, leading to their whitening and eventual death. Ocean acidification, resulting from increased carbon dioxide absorption, poses another threat, weakening", "id": 34, "diff": 1136, "label": 0}
{"title": "Tony Mandarich", "date": "2025-07-31", "input": "Ante Josip \"Tony\" Mandarich (born September 23, 1966) is a Canadian former professional American football player who was an offensive tackle for seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL). Referred to as \"the best offensive line prospect ever\" during his college football career with the Michigan State Spartans, he was selected second overall by the Green Bay Packers in the 1989 NFL draft. Mandarich was unable to live up to expectations, however, and released following four seasons with the team. After five years away from football, he returned with the Indianapolis Colts, where he spent his last three seasons. He is the only top five pick in his draft class not inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame, and is considered a draft bust. Originally broadcast by NFL Network in 2007.", "id": 32, "diff": 576, "label": 0}
{"title": "Lebesgue integral", "date": "2025-08-05", "input": "In mathematics, the integral of a non-negative function of a single variable can be regarded, in the simplest case, as the area between the graph of that function and the axis. The Lebesgue integral, named after French mathematician Henri Lebesgue, is one way to make this concept rigorous and to extend it to more general functions. The Lebesgue integral is more general than the Riemann integral, which it largely replaced in mathematical analysis since the first half of the 20th century. It can accommodate functions with discontinuities arising in many applications that are pathological from the perspective of the Riemann integral. The Lebesgue integral also has generally better analytical properties. For instance, under mild conditions, it is possible to exchange limits and Lebesgue integration, while the conditions for doing this with a Riemann integral are comparatively restrictive. Furthermore, the Lebesgue integral can be generalized in a straightforward way to more general spaces, measure spaces, such as those that arise in probability theory. The term Lebesgue integration can mean either the general theory of integration of a function with respect to a general measure, as introduced by Lebesgue, or the specific case of integration of a function defined on a sub-domain of the real line with respect to the Lebesgue measure.", "id": 35, "diff": 822, "label": 0}
{"title": "William J. Brennan High School", "date": "2025-07-02", "input": "William J. Brennan High School is the tenth public high school in the Northside Independent School District of San Antonio, Texas, United States. It is a four-year high school that opened in 2010 and graduated its first senior class in June 2012. During 20222023, Brennan High School had an enrollment of 3,142 students and a student to teacher ratio of 17.87. For the 20212022 school year, the school was given a \"B\" by the Texas Education Agency, with a distinction for Academic Achievement in Social Studies.", "id": 33, "diff": 260, "label": 0}
{"title": "Free Yourself (Fantasia song)", "date": "2024-12-27", "input": "\"Free Yourself\" is a song recorded by American singer Fantasia for her debut studio album of the same title (2004). It features a guest appearance from rapper Missy Elliott, who wrote the song alongside Craig Brockman and Nisan Stewart, and produced it with Brockman. The song was released as the fourth single from Free Yourself on April 4, 2005, by J Records. A moderate commercial success, \"Free Yourself\" peaked at number 41 on the US Billboard Hot 100, and number three on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. Critically acclaimed, it was nominated for Best R&B Song and Best Female R&B Vocal Performance at the 48th Annual Grammy Awards (2006).", "id": 20, "diff": 521, "label": 0}
{"title": "XXXY syndrome", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "XXXY syndrome is a sex chromosome aneuploidy in which males have two extra X chromosomes. Human cells usually inherit two sex chromosomes, one from the mother and one from the father. Usually, females have two X chromosomes (XX) and males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). The appearance of at least one Y chromosome with a properly functioning SRY gene makes a male. As a result, XXXY only affects males. Males affected with XXXY syndrome have 48 chromosomes instead of the typical 46. This is why XXXY syndrome is sometimes referred to as 48, XXXY syndrome or 48, XXXY. The symptoms of this disease is very similar to Klinefelter syndrome, including delayed or reduced male puberty and infertility. It is estimated that XXXY affects one in every 50,000 male births.", "id": 24, "diff": 523, "label": 1}
{"title": "Fiat 500 (2007)", "date": "2025-08-05", "input": "The Fiat 500 is an A-segment city car manufactured and marketed by the Italian car maker Fiat, a subdivision of Stellantis, since 2007. It is available in hatchback coupe and fixed-profile convertible body styles, over a single generation, with an intermediate facelift in Europe in the 2016 model year. Developed during FIAT's tenure as a subdivision of FCA, the 500 was internally designated as the Type 312. Derived from the 2004 Fiat Trepiuno 3+1 concept (designed by Roberto Giolito), the 500's styling recalls Fiat's 1957 Fiat 500, nicknamed the Bambino, designed and engineered by Dante Giacosa, with more than 4 million sold over its 18-year (1957-1975) production span. In 2011, Roberto Giolito of Centro Stile Fiat received the Compasso d'Oro industrial design award for the Fiat 500. Manufactured in Tychy, Poland, and Toluca, Mexico, the 500 is marketed in more than 100 countries worldwide, including North America, where the 500 marked Fiat's market return after 27 years. The millionth Fiat 500 was produced in 2012 and the 2 millionth in 2017, after 10 years. The 2.5-millionth Fiat 500 was produced in the Tychy, Poland plant, in March 2021. The 500 has won more than 40 major awards, including \"Car of the Year\" (2007) by the British magazine Car, the 2008 European Car of the Year, and the \"World's Most Beautiful Automobile\".", "id": 28, "diff": 1187, "label": 0}
{"title": "Arkansas Highway 156", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Highway 156 (AR 156, Ark. 156, and Hwy. 156) is a designation for three east-west state highways in Washington County. One segment of runs east from Oklahoma State Highway 100 to Highway 59 near Evansville. A second route of begins at Highway 265 near Hogeye and runs east to Highway 170 in West Fork. A third segment of begins in Fayetteville at US Highway 71 (US 71; School Ave) and runs east to Pump Station Rd.", "id": 19, "diff": 260, "label": 1}
{"title": "George (surname)", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "George is a surname of Irish, English, Welsh, South Indian Christian, Middle Eastern Christian (usually Lebanese), or French origin. Notable people with the surname include: *A. B. George, Louisiana politician *Alexander George (disambiguation), multiple people *Anju Bobby George, (born 1977), Indian athlete *Arthur George (1915-2013), Australian lawyer and soccer administrator *Barry George (born 1960), British man who was wrongly convicted of murder *Bill George (disambiguation), multiple people *Bobby George (born 1945), English darts player and presenter *Charlie George (born 1950), English footballer *Christopher George (1931-1983), American television and film actor *Chief Dan George (1899-1981), chief of the Tsleil-Waututh Nation in British Columbia *Daniel George (disambiguation), multiple people * Darryl George (born 1993), Australian baseball player *David George (disambiguation), multiple people *Devean George (born 1977), American basketball player *Eddie George (born 1973), American football player *Eden George (1863-1927), Mayor of Christchurch and member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly *Edward George, Baron George (1938-2009), British banker *Elizabeth George (born 1949), American novelist *Elmer George (1928-1976), American race car driver *Emma George (born 1974), Australian athlete *Enderson George (born 1982), international soccer player from Saint Lucia *Finidi George (born 1971), Nigerian soccer player *Francis George (1937-2015), American Archbishop and Cardinal *Frank Honywill George (born 1921), British psychologist and cyberneticist *Fricson George (born 1974), Ecuadorian football (soccer) player *Gladys George (1904-1954), American actress *Gotz George (1938-2016), German actor *Gwilym Lloyd George, 1st Viscount Tenby (1894 - 1967), son of David Lloyd George, British politician and cabinet minister. *Heinrich George (1893 - 1946), German stage and film actor. *Henry", "id": 49, "diff": 3173, "label": 1}
{"title": "Bias of an estimator", "date": "2025-04-15", "input": "In statistics, the bias of an estimator (or bias function) is the difference between this estimator's expected value and the true value of the parameter being estimated. An estimator or decision rule with zero bias is called unbiased. In statistics, \"bias\" is an property of an estimator. Bias is a distinct concept from consistency: consistent estimators converge in probability to the true value of the parameter, but may be biased or unbiased (see bias versus consistency for more). All else being equal, an unbiased estimator is preferable to a biased estimator, although in practice, biased estimators (with generally small bias) are frequently used. When a biased estimator is used, bounds of the bias are calculated. A biased estimator may be used for various reasons: because an unbiased estimator does not exist without further assumptions about a population; because an estimator is difficult to compute (as in unbiased estimation of standard deviation); because a biased estimator may be unbiased with respect to different measures of central tendency; because a biased estimator gives a lower value of some loss function (particularly mean squared error) compared with unbiased estimators (notably in shrinkage estimators); or because in some cases being unbiased is too strong a condition, and the only unbiased estimators are not useful. Bias can also be measured with respect to the median, rather than the mean (expected value), in which case one distinguishes median-unbiased from the usual mean-unbiasedness property. Mean-unbiasedness is not preserved under non-linear transformations, though median-unbiasedness is (see ); for example, the sample variance is a", "id": 15, "diff": 1068, "label": 0}
{"title": "William J. Brennan High School", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "William J. Brennan High School is the tenth and the newest high school in the Northside Independent School District of San Antonio, Texas, United States. It opened in 2010. It is a 6A high school with freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors. The first senior class at William J. Brennan High School to attend all four years at the campus graduated in 2014. In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "id": 33, "diff": 260, "label": 1}
{"title": "Physalaemus erikae", "date": "2025-05-28", "input": "Physalaemus erikae is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is endemic to eastern Brazil and currently known only from southern Bahia, although it is likely that its range extends into nearby areas in northeastern Minas Gerais and northern Espirito Santo with similar vegetation.", "id": 23, "diff": 165, "label": 0}
{"title": "Pristimantis inusitatus", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Pristimantis inusitatus is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in Ecuador and possibly Colombia. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.", "id": 21, "diff": 117, "label": 1}
{"title": "Rise of the Tomb Raider", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Rise of the Tomb Raider is an action-adventure video game developed by Crystal Dynamics and published by Square Enix. It is the sequel to the 2013 video game Tomb Raider, a reboot of the Tomb Raider franchise. It was released for Xbox One and Xbox 360 in November 2015 and for Microsoft Windows in January 2016. A special edition of the game, titled Rise of the Tomb Raider: 20 Year Celebration, was released worldwide for PlayStation 4 in October 2016. Rise of the Tomb Raider was officially announced in June 2014. The game's storyline follows Lara Croft as she ventures into Siberia in search of the legendary city of Kitezh, whilst battling a paramilitary organization that intends on beating her to the city's promise of immortality. Presented from a third-person perspective, the game primarily focuses on survival and combat, while the player may also explore its landscape and various optional tombs. Camilla Luddington returns to voice and perform her role as Lara. Upon release, Rise of the Tomb Raider received positive reviews, with critics praising its graphics, gameplay, and characterization. It was the best-selling Xbox One game during Christmas week, and had sold over one million copies by the end of 2015. Additional content was also released, including a new story campaign, a new gameplay mode, as well as new outfits and weapons for Lara.", "id": 10, "diff": 1470, "label": 1}
{"title": "Quills (film)", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Quills is a 2000 American-British-German period film directed by Philip Kaufman and adapted from the Obie award-winning play by Doug Wright, who also wrote the original screenplay. Inspired by the life and work of the Marquis de Sade, Quills re-imagines the last years of the Marquis' incarceration in the insane asylum at Charenton. It stars Geoffrey Rush as de Sade, Joaquin Phoenix as the Abbe du Coulmier, Michael Caine as Dr. Royer-Collard, and Kate Winslet as laundress Madeleine \"Maddie\" LeClerc. Well received by critics, Quills garnered numerous accolades for Rush, including nominations for an Oscar, BAFTA and a Golden Globe. The film was a modest art house success, averaging $27,709 per screen its debut weekend, and eventually grossing $17,989,277 internationally. Cited by historians as factually inaccurate, Quills filmmakers and writers said they were not making a biography of de Sade, but exploring issues such as censorship, pornography, sex, art, mental illness, and religion. It was released with an R rating from the Motion Picture Association of America and an 18 rating from the British Board of Film Classification due to \"strong horror, violence, sex, sexual violence, and nudity\".", "id": 4, "diff": 664, "label": 1}
{"title": "The Mount School, York", "date": "2025-07-12", "input": "The Mount School is a private Quaker day and boarding school for girls ages 3-18, and a co-ed Junior School, located in York, England. The school was founded in 1785, and the current Head is Anna Wilby. The Mount School is one of seven Quaker schools in England. In 2020, it became the first girls' school in the North of England to become an All-Steinway School. The school is also a member of the Girls' Schools Association and the Independent Schools Council.", "id": 30, "diff": 296, "label": 0}
{"title": "Lubumbashi", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Lubumbashi (former names: (French) and (Dutch)) in the southeastern part of Democratic Republic of the Congo, is the second-largest city in the country, the largest being the capital, Kinshasa. Lubumbashi is the mining capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, acting as a hub for many of the country's biggest mining companies. The copper-mining city serves as the capital of the relatively prosperous Katanga Province and is near the border with Zambia. Population estimates vary widely but average around 1.5 million.", "id": 44, "diff": 320, "label": 1}
{"title": "Audio time stretching and pitch scaling", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Time stretching is the process of changing the speed or duration of an audio signal without affecting its pitch. Pitch scaling or pitch shifting is the opposite: the process of changing the pitch without affecting the speed. Similar methods can change speed, pitch, or both at once, in a time-varying way. These processes are used, for instance, to match the pitches and tempos of two pre-recorded clips for mixing when the clips cannot be reperformed or resampled. (A drum track containing no pitched instruments could be moderately resampled for tempo without adverse effects, but a pitched track could not). They are also used to create effects such as increasing the range of an instrument (like pitch shifting a guitar down an octave).", "id": 41, "diff": 410, "label": 1}
{"title": "Negative and positive rights", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Negative and positive rights (not to be confused with negative and positive liberties) are rights that respectively oblige either action (positive rights) or inaction (negative rights). These obligations may be of either a legal or moral character. The notion of positive and negative rights may also be applied to liberty rights. To take an example involving two parties in a court of law: Adrian has a negative right to x against Clay if and only if Clay is prohibited from acting upon Adrian in some way regarding x. In contrast, Adrian has a positive right to x against Clay if and only if Clay is obliged to act upon Adrian in some way regarding x. A case in point, if Adrian has a negative right to life against Clay, then Clay is required to refrain from killing Adrian; while if Adrian has a positive right to life against Clay, then Clay is required to act as necessary to preserve the life of Adrian. Rights considered negative rights may include civil and political rights such as freedom of speech, life, private property, freedom from violent crime, freedom of religion, habeas corpus, a fair trial, freedom from slavery. Rights considered positive rights, as initially proposed in 1979 by the Czech jurist Karel Vasak, may include other civil and political rights such as police protection of person and property and the right to counsel, as well as economic, social and cultural rights such as food, housing, public education, employment, national security, military, health care, social security, internet access, and", "id": 6, "diff": 1422, "label": 1}
{"title": "George (surname)", "date": "2025-08-08", "input": "George is a surname of Irish, English, Welsh, South Indian Christian, Middle Eastern Christian, French, or Native American origin. The German form is Georg. Notable people with the surname include: *Allan George (born 1999), American football player *Alex or Alexander George (disambiguation), several people *Anju Bobby George (born 1977), Indian athlete *Arthur George (1915-2013), Australian lawyer and soccer administrator *Augustus George (1817-1902), English cricketer *Barry George (born 1960), British man who was wrongly convicted of murder *Bill or Billy George, see William George (disambiguation) *Bobby George (born 1945), English darts player and presenter *Brandon George (born 2000), American football player *Brian George (born 1952), Israeli-born British actor *Bud George (1927-2017), American politician *Camilla George (born 1988), Nigerian-born British jazz musician *Cathy George, American volleyball coach *Charlie George (born 1950), English footballer *Charlie George (comedian), (fl. 2020s) British comedian *Christopher George (1931-1983), Greek-American television and film actor *Chief Dan George (1899-1981), chief of the Tsleil-Waututh Nation, author, poet and actor *Daniel George (rugby union) (born 1986), Welsh rugby player *Daniel G. George (1840-1916), Union Navy sailor and Medal of Honor recipient *Darryl George (born 1993), Australian baseball player *David George (disambiguation), several people *Dennis George (born 1983), West Indies cricketer *Devean George (born 1977), American basketball player *Eddie George (born 1973), American football player *Eden George (1863-1927), Mayor of Christchurch and member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly *Edward George, Baron George (1938-2009), British banker *Elizabeth George (born 1949), American novelist *Ella George, Australian politician *Ella M. George (1850-1938), American teacher, lecturer, social reformer *Elmer George", "id": 49, "diff": 3173, "label": 0}
{"title": "Bain Capital", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Bain Capital is a global alternative investment firm based in Boston, Massachusetts. It specializes in private equity, venture capital and credit products. Bain Capital invests across a range of industry sectors and geographic regions. As of June 2014, the firm managed more than $75 billion of investor capital across its various investment platforms. The firm was founded in 1984 by partners from the consulting firm Bain & Company. Since inception it has invested in or acquired hundreds of companies including AMC Theatres, Aspen Education Group, Brookstone, Burger King, Burlington Coat Factory, Canada Goose, DIC Entertainment, Domino's Pizza, DoubleClick, Dunkin' Donuts, D&M Holdings, Guitar Center, Hospital Corporation of America (HCA), iHeartMedia, Sealy, Sports Authority, Staples, Toys \"R\" Us, Warner Music Group, Fingerhut, The Weather Channel, and Apple Leisure Group, which includes AMResorts and Apple Vacations. As of 2014, Bain Capital employs more than 900 people. Bain Capital is headquartered at the John Hancock Tower in Boston, Massachusetts with additional offices in New York City, Chicago, Palo Alto, San Francisco, Dublin, London, Luxembourg, Munich, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Mumbai, Tokyo and Melbourne. The company, and its actions during its first 15 years, became the subject of political and media scrutiny as a result of co-founder Mitt Romney's later political career, especially his 2012 presidential campaign.", "id": 36, "diff": 908, "label": 1}
{"title": "The Mount School, York", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "The Mount School is a Quaker independent day and boarding school in York, England, for girls aged 11-18. It was founded in 1785. Its junior school is The Mount Junior School, and it has a preschool department for girls and boys aged 2 to 7. There are two or three forms in Year 7 to 11 and College (Sixth Form). There are about 9 to 21 girls in each form. Each form has a head of form and year.", "id": 30, "diff": 296, "label": 1}
{"title": "KZXY-FM", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "KZXY-FM is a commercial radio station broadcasting to the Victor Valley region of the Mojave Desert, in San Bernardino County, California. It broadcasts on 102.3 FM, from studios in the city of Apple Valley. KZXY-FM, branded as Y-102, airs a hot adult contemporary music format.", "id": 29, "diff": 188, "label": 1}
{"title": "Indomaret", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Indomaret is a chain of retail convenience stores from Indonesia, with over 11,000 stores across Indonesia. It is the first and largest chain of this kind of store in Indonesia. Indomaret is a subsidiary of Salim Group. Its headquarter is in Jakarta. Indomaret is a minimarket network that provides daily needs. It has a store area of about 200m2. The first official Indomaret store was opened in Ancol, North Jakarta in November 1988. Until 2014 Indomaret reach 10,600 outlets. 60% of the total outlets are self-owned and franchised outlets remaining 40% belongs to the people, who are scattered in towns in Greater Jakarta, Sumatra, Java, Madura, Bali, Lombok, Kalimantan and Sulawesi. In Jakarta, there are about 488 outlets. Indomaret stores are easily found in residential areas, office buildings and public facilities due to the placement location of outlets is based on the motto \"simple and frugal\". Indomaret sells more than 5,000 types of food products and non-food to meet the needs of everyday consumers.", "id": 39, "diff": 649, "label": 1}
{"title": "Rise of the Tomb Raider", "date": "2025-07-11", "input": "Rise of the Tomb Raider is a 2015 action-adventure game developed by Crystal Dynamics and published by Microsoft Studios and Square Enix. The game is the eleventh main entry in the Tomb Raider series, the sequel to 2013's Tomb Raider, and is the second instalment in the Survivor trilogy. Its story follows Lara Croft as she ventures into Siberia in search of the legendary city of Kitezh while battling the paramilitary organization Trinity, which intends to uncover the city's promise of immortality. Lara must traverse the environment and combat enemies with firearms and stealth as she explores semi-open hubs. In these hubs she can raid challenge tombs to unlock new rewards, complete side missions, and scavenge for resources which can be used to craft useful materials. Development of Rise of the Tomb Raider closely followed the conclusion of development of the 2013 reboot. Player feedback was considered during development, with the team reducing the number of quick time events and introducing more puzzles and challenge tombs. The team traveled to several locations in Turkey, including Cappadocia, Istanbul and Ephesus, to design Kitezh. Rhianna Pratchett returned as the game's writer while Bobby Tahouri replaced Jason Graves as the game's composer. Camilla Luddington returned to provide voice and motion-capture work for Lara. Powered by the Foundation engine, the game was also developed by Eidos-Montreal and Nixxes Software. Rise of the Tomb Raider was announced at E3 2014 by Microsoft Studios. The game was revealed to be a timed exclusive for Xbox 360 and Xbox One at Gamescom the", "id": 10, "diff": 1470, "label": 0}
{"title": "Rodong Sinmun", "date": "2025-07-03", "input": "Rodong Sinmun is a North Korean official newspaper of record of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea. It was first published on 1 November 1945, as Chongro , serving as a communication channel for the North Korea Bureau of the Communist Party of Korea; it was renamed in September 1946. Quoted frequently by the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) and international media, it is regarded as a source of official North Korean viewpoints on many issues. An English-language version of Rodong Sinmun was launched in January 2012. The editor-in-chief is Kim Pyong-ho. A list of articles published in Rodong Sinmun since 1946 is available online on the websites of the Information Center on North Korea (unibook.unikorea.go.kr) and the North Korea information portal (nkinfo.unikorea.go.kr).", "id": 45, "diff": 422, "label": 0}
{"title": "Florence Cole Talbert", "date": "2024-04-12", "input": "Florence Cole Talbert-McCleave (born Florence Cole, June 17, 1890 - April 3, 1961), also known as Madame Florence Cole-Talbert, was an American operatic soprano, music educator, and musician. Called \"The First Lady in Grand Opera\" by the National Negro Opera Guild, she was one of the first African American women and black opera artists performing abroad who received success and critical acclaim in classical and operatic music in the 20th century. Through her career as a singer, a music educator, and an active member of the National Association of Negro Musicians, she became a legendary figure within the African American music community, also earning the titles of \"Queen of the Concert Stage\" and \"Our Divine Florence.\" Most notably, she is credited with being the first African American woman to play the title role of Verdi's Aida in a European staging of the opera. Talbert was also one of the first African-American classical artists to record commercially. After retirement, Talbert became a music educator. She taught in historically black colleges and universities such as Fisk University, Tuskegee University, and Rust College. Notably, she is credited with encouraging Marion Anderson, one of the most celebrated opera singers of the 20th century, to pursue a career in classical music. During this time, she also composed the words to Delta Sigma Theta's official hymn. Talbert died in Memphis at the age of 70. Although she did not receive the same fame as black female artists who came after her, such as Marian Anderson and Leontyne Price, her work in the", "id": 26, "diff": 1084, "label": 0}
{"title": "WFMJ-TV", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "WFMJ-TV is the NBC-affiliated television station serving the Mahoning Valley of Northeastern Ohio and Northwestern Pennsylvania. Licensed to Youngstown, Ohio, it broadcasts a high definition digital signal on UHF channel 20 (or virtual channel 21.1 via PSIP) from a transmitter located on Mabel Street in Youngstown. The station maintains studios located on West Boardman Street in downtown Youngstown and is the top rated station in the market. It also carries select Youngstown State University football away games, along with the school's sports highlight program Penguin Gameday and YSU coaches' shows for both football and basketball. The station is owned, operated, headquartered and managed locally out of Youngstown, OH.", "id": 5, "diff": 526, "label": 1}
{"title": "Bain Capital", "date": "2025-06-24", "input": "Bain Capital, LP is an American private investment firm based in Boston, Massachusetts, with around $185 billion of assets under management. It specializes in private equity, venture capital, credit, public equity, impact investing, life sciences, crypto, tech opportunities, partnership opportunities, special situations, and real estate. Bain Capital invests across a range of industry sectors and geographic regions. The firm was founded in 1984 by partners from the consulting firm Bain & Company. The company is headquartered at 200 Clarendon Street in Boston with 24 offices in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia. Since its establishment, Bain Capital has invested in or acquired hundreds of companies, including AMC Theatres, Artisan Entertainment, Aspen Education Group, Apex Tool Group, Brookstone, Burger King, Burlington Coat Factory, Canada Goose, DIC Entertainment, Domino's Pizza, DoubleClick, Dunkin' Donuts, D&M Holdings, Guitar Center, Hospital Corporation of America (HCA), iHeartMedia, ITP Aero, KB Toys, Sealy, Sports Authority, Staples, Toys \"R\" Us, Virgin Australia, Virgin Voyages, Warner Music Group, Fingerhut, Athenahealth, The Weather Channel, Varsity Brands and Apple Leisure Group, which includes AMResorts and Apple Vacations. The company and its actions during its first 15 years became the subject of political and media scrutiny as a result of co-founder Mitt Romney's later political career, especially his 2012 presidential campaign. In June 2023, Bain Capital was ranked 13th in Private Equity International's PEI 300 ranking of the largest private equity firms in the world.", "id": 36, "diff": 908, "label": 0}
{"title": "Butwal", "date": "2025-08-07", "input": "Butwal , officially Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City , previously known as Khasyauli (Nepali: khsyaulii), is a sub-metropolitan city and economic hub in Lumbini Province in West Nepal. Butwal has a city population of 195,054 as per the 2021 AD Nepal census. The city is one of the tetra-cities of rapidly growing Butwal-Tilottama-Bhairahawa-Devdaha urban agglomeration primarily based on the Siddhartha Highway in West Nepal with a total urban agglomerated population of 4,74,541. It is one of the fastest-growing cities in Nepal for health, education, construction, communication, trade, and banking sectors. It has highway connections to the Indian border at Sunauli and to the hilly towns in Tansen and Pokhara valley, and holds the title of being \"The Best City in Nepal\" five times in a row. Geographically, Butwal is at the intersection of Nepal's two different National Highways, Mahendra Highway and Siddhartha Highway. It connects western Nepal with the capital Kathmandu through the highway and air links (via Gautam Buddha International Airport at Siddharthanagar). The city stands beside the bank of Tinau River, and at the northern edge of the Terai plain below the Siwalik Hills. Its name, Butwal was derived from Batauli Bazaar , the town's oldest residential area which is located on the western bank of the Tinau River. Butwal was officially declared as a sub-metropolitan city on 2 December 2014 AD by combining two neighboring VDCs Motipur and Semlar. The sub-metropolitan city is currently headed by Nepali Congress leader Khel Raj Pandey.", "id": 8, "diff": 1491, "label": 0}
{"title": "Greens (South Tyrol)", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "The Greens (Verdi-Grune-Verc) are a green,Parties and Elections in Europe: The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe, by Wolfram Nordsieck regionalist and social-democratic political party active in South Tyrol, northern Italy. Despite being formally the provincial section of the Federation of the Greens, the South Tyrolean Greens are practically an autonomous party and have recently formed different alliances at the country-level from the national party. The Greens obtained 8.7% of the vote in the most recent provincial election in 2013. The Greens are ethnically mixed and strive to improve the relations between the three language groups of the Province: Italian-, German- and Ladin-speakers. Since 2014 the party has been led by Giorgio Zanvettor and Brigitte Foppa.", "id": 2, "diff": 433, "label": 1}
{"title": "Rodong Sinmun", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Rodong Sinmun (, , Workers' Newspaper) is a North Korean newspaper that is the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea. It was first published on November 1, 1945, as Chongro (; \"right path\"), serving as a communication channel for the North Korea Bureau of the Communist Party of Korea. It was renamed in September 1946 to its current name upon the steady development of the Workers' Party of Korea. Quoted frequently by the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) and international media, it is regarded as a source of official North Korean viewpoints on many issues. The English-language version of Rodong Sinmun was launched in January 2012.", "id": 45, "diff": 422, "label": 1}
{"title": "Last Supper", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "The Last Supper is the final meal that, in the Gospel accounts, Jesus shared with his Apostles in Jerusalem before his crucifixion.\"Last Supper. The final meal Christ with His Apostles on the night before the Crucifixion.\", Cross, F. L., & Livingstone, E. A. (2005). The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3rd ed. rev.) (958). Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. The Last Supper is commemorated by Christians especially on Maundy Thursday. The Last Supper provides the scriptural basis for the Eucharist, also known as \"Holy Communion\" or \"The Lord's Supper\". The First Epistle to the Corinthians contains the earliest known mention of the Last Supper. The four canonical Gospels all state that the Last Supper took place towards the end of the week, after Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem and that Jesus and his Apostles shared a meal shortly before Jesus was crucified at the end of that week. During the meal Jesus predicts his betrayal by one of the Apostles present, and foretells that before the next morning, Peter will deny knowing him. The three Synoptic Gospels and the First Epistle to the Corinthians include the account of the institution of the Eucharist in which Jesus takes bread, breaks it and gives it to the Apostles, saying: \"This is my body which is given for you\". The Gospel of John does not include this episode, but tells of Jesus washing the feet of the Apostles, giving the new commandment \"to love one another as I have loved you\", and has a detailed farewell discourse", "id": 3, "diff": 3630, "label": 1}
{"title": "Mondelez International", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Mondelez International, styled Mondelez , is an American multinational confectionery, food, and beverage company based in Illinois which employs about 107,000 people around the world. It consists of the global snack and food brands of the former Kraft Foods Inc after the October 2012 spin-off of its North American grocery operations. The Mondelez name, adopted in 2012, was suggested by Kraft Foods employees and is a combination of the words for \"world\" and \"delicious\" in Romance languages. The company, headquartered in the Chicago suburb of Deerfield, Illinois, manufactures chocolate, biscuits, gum, confectionery, coffee, and powdered beverages. Mondelez International's portfolio includes several billion-dollar brands such as Oreo, Chips Ahoy!, TUC, Belvita, Triscuit, LU, Nabisco, Club Social, Barni, and Peek Freans (cookies and crackers); Milka, Terry's, Cote d'Or, Toblerone, Cadbury, Marabou, Fry's, Lacta (chocolate), Trident, Dentyne, Chiclets, Halls, Stride, Cadbury (gum and candy), and Tang (powdered beverages). The company has an annual revenue of about $30 billion and operates in approximately 165 countries. Mondelez Canada holds the rights to Christie Brown and Company, which consists of brands such as Mr. Christie and Dad's Cookies. Its head office is in Mississauga, Ontario, with operations in Scarborough and Montreal.", "id": 0, "diff": 957, "label": 1}
{"title": "Black Vaudeville", "date": "2025-05-23", "input": "Black Vaudeville is a term that specifically describes Vaudeville-era African American entertainers and the milieus of dance, music, and theatrical performances they created. Spanning the years between the 1880s and early 1930s, these acts not only brought elements and influences unique to American black culture directly to African Americans but ultimately spread them beyond to both white American society and Europe. Vaudeville had what were known as \"circuits\", venues that booked touring entertainers. Racism made it difficult for a black performer to be accepted into the white circuits of the day, though some performers had crossover appeal. The Theater Owners Booking Association (TOBA) was created for Black performers to get steady bookings in theaters that served Black audiences. Eventually, TOBA was replaced in the 1930s by \"chitlin' circuits\", which emerged to link black performers and entertainment opportunities.", "id": 14, "diff": 597, "label": 0}
{"title": "Florence Cole Talbert", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Florence Cole Talbert-McCleave (born Florence Cole, June 17, 1890 - April 3, 1961) was an African-American soprano born in Detroit, Michigan. Her family moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1910, where Talbert was the first African American to attend Los Angeles High School. She subsequently studied at the University of Southern California and in Chicago, Illinois, at the Chicago Musical College in 1916. She began singing in New York City in 1918, and later married a pianist and director named William P. Talbert. In 1924, she traveled to Europe to play in Aida, and returned to the United States three years later. Talbert was one of the first African-American women to record commercially. In 1919 she recorded three songs for the Broome Special Phonograph label, including \"Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen\" and \"Villanelle\". In 1921 she recorded at least four titles for the new Black Swan label, and in 1924 recorded two additional titles for Paramount Records. After retirement, Talbert became a singing teacher in Los Angeles, and also composed the words to Delta Sigma Theta's official hymn. She eventually moved to Memphis, Tennessee, and married Dr. Benjamin F. McCleave. She taught in historically black colleges and universities such as Fisk University, Tuskegee University and Rust College. Talbert died in Memphis in 1961.", "id": 26, "diff": 1084, "label": 1}
{"title": "Tony Mandarich", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Ante Josip \"Tony\" Mandarich (born September 23, 1966) is a former football offensive tackle of the NFL. He was the first round draft pick of the Green Bay Packers in 1989, second overall behind quarterback Troy Aikman, and ahead of the third selection, running back Barry Sanders, the fourth selection, linebacker Derrick Thomas, and the fifth selection, cornerback Deion Sanders. Mandarich is the only player of those five not in the Pro Football Hall of Fame. He is tied with Charles Rogers and Clint Jones as the second highest drafted Michigan State player ever (behind Bubba Smith). He is also the highest-drafted Canadian-born player in NFL history. In 1989, Sports Illustrated called him \"the best offensive line prospect ever\", but he is now considered one of the biggest busts in NFL history.", "id": 32, "diff": 576, "label": 1}
{"title": "Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University", "date": "2025-07-28", "input": "Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University is a public university in the Indian state of Uttarakhand set up by the Government of Uttarakhand on 27 January 2005, through the Uttarakhand Technical University Act 2005. It has 6 campus institutes and 80 affiliated colleges Government and Private). 6 campus institutes are in the university campuses at Dehradun, Tehri, Tanakpur, Gopeshwar, Pithoragarh, and Uttarkashi spread all over the state.", "id": 9, "diff": 240, "label": 0}
{"title": "Simian immunodeficiency virus", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) are retroviruses that cause persistent infections in at least 45 species of African non-human primates. Based on analysis of strains found in four species of monkeys from Bioko Island, which was isolated from the mainland by rising sea levels about 11,000 years ago, it has been concluded that SIV has been present in monkeys and apes for at least 32,000 years, and probably much longer.. Virus strains from two of these primate species, SIVsmm in sooty mangabeys and SIVcpz in chimpanzees, are believed to have crossed the species barrier into humans, resulting in HIV-2 and HIV-1, respectively. The most likely route of transmission of HIV-1 to humans involves contact with the blood of chimps that are often hunted for bushmeat in Africa. Unlike HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in humans, SIV infections in their natural hosts appear in many cases to be non-pathogenic. Extensive studies in sooty mangabeys have established that SIVsmm infection does not cause any disease in these animals, despite high levels of circulating virus. However, if this virus infects an Asian or Indian rhesus macaque, the animal will develop simian AIDS (SAIDS). A recent study of SIVcpz in wild living chimpanzees suggests that infected chimpanzees experience an AIDS-like illness similar to HIV-1 infected humans. The later stages of SIV infection turn into SAIDS, much as HIV infection turns into AIDS.", "id": 48, "diff": 915, "label": 1}
{"title": "Volodymyr Pravyk", "date": "2025-06-17", "input": "Volodymyr Pavlovych Pravyk (, ; 13 June 1962 - 11 May 1986) was a Soviet firefighter notable for his role in directing initial efforts to extinguish fires following the Chernobyl Disaster. Following the event, he was hospitalized with acute radiation syndrome and died sixteen days later. He was posthumously awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin by the Soviet Union, and later the Ukrainian Star For Courage (later known as the Order for Courage) in recognition of his efforts.", "id": 43, "diff": 329, "label": 0}
{"title": "Akim Abuakwa North (Ghana parliament constituency)", "date": "2025-06-15", "input": "Akim Abuakwa North is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It was created out of the Abuakwa constituency in 2004. As a constituency it elects one member of parliament who represents the constituents at parliament. The constituency is located in the Abuakwa North Municipal District of the Eastern Region of Ghana. Its administrative capital is Kibi.", "id": 11, "diff": 287, "label": 0}
{"title": "Free Yourself (Fantasia song)", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "\"Free Yourself\" is the fourth single and the title track from Fantasia's debut album of the same name. Single was officially released on June 1, 2005 in United States. It features American rapper Missy Elliott (which she sings background with). The song peaked at number forty-one on US Billboard Hot 100, number three on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and number one on the US Adult R&B Airplay chart. \"Free Yourself\" was nominated for two Grammy Awards (Best R&B Song and Best Female R&B Vocal Performance), and is the winner of an ASCAP Rhythm and Soul Award. In October 2007, \"Free Yourself\" reappeared on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs recurrent chart at number 29, indicating the songs' continuous airplay years later.", "id": 20, "diff": 521, "label": 1}
{"title": "2014 WTA Finals \u2013 Singles", "date": "2025-04-02", "input": "Two-time defending champion Serena Williams defeated Simona Halep in the final, 6-3, 6-0 to win the singles tennis title at the 2014 WTA Finals. Williams became the third player to win three consecutive Tour Finals singles titles (after Martina Navratilova and Monica Seles), and the first since Seles in 1992. During the tournament, she clinched her second consecutive and fourth career year-end world No. 1 ranking. She became the first woman to hold the top ranking for the entire calendar year since Steffi Graf in 1996. This was also Williams' final appearance in the Tour Finals. Simona Halep and Eugenie Bouchard made their debuts at the event. For the first time since 2004 and just the second time ever, a player with a 2-1 round robin record failed to reach the semifinals. This was Ana Ivanovic, who would have reached the semifinal had she defeated Halep in straight sets in her last round-robin match.", "id": 12, "diff": 457, "label": 0}
{"title": "XXXY syndrome", "date": "2025-07-19", "input": "XXXY syndrome is a genetic condition characterized by a sex chromosome aneuploidy, where individuals have two extra X chromosomes. People in most cases have two sex chromosomes: an X and a Y or two X chromosomes. The presence of one Y chromosome with a functioning SRY gene causes the expression of genes that determine maleness. Because of this, XXXY syndrome only affects males. The additional two X chromosomes in males with XXXY syndrome causes them to have 48 chromosomes, instead of the typical 46. XXXY syndrome is therefore often referred to as 48,XXXY. There is a wide variety of symptoms associated with this syndrome, including cognitive and behavioral problems, taurodontism, and infertility. This syndrome is usually inherited via a new mutation in one of the parents' gametes, as those affected by it are usually infertile. It is estimated that XXXY affects one in every 50,000 male births.", "id": 24, "diff": 523, "label": 0}
{"title": "Scott Thomson (baseball)", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Scott Thomson (born November 12, 1968) is an American college baseball coach, currently serving as head coach of the Mount St. Mary's Mountaineers baseball team. He has held that position since the 1998 season. He played at Old Dominion, earning Virginia College Baseball Player of the Year as a senior in addition to numerous other awards. He played professionally for two seasons with the Erie Sailors before turning to coaching.", "id": 13, "diff": 227, "label": 1}
{"title": "Bath Spa University", "date": "2025-07-16", "input": "Bath Spa University is a public university in Bath, England, with its main campus at Newton Park, about west of the centre of the city. The university has other campuses in the city of Bath, and one at Corsham Court in Wiltshire. The institution gained full university status in August 2005, having been previously known as Bath College of Higher Education, and later Bath Spa University College.", "id": 46, "diff": 295, "label": 0}
{"title": "Gutowski", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Gutowski is the surname of a Polish szlachta (nobility) family who took her name from their villages Guty Magna and Guty Parva ( Big Guty and Small Guty ) ( Polish: Guty Wielkie and Guty Male ) in the Duchy of Mazovia. The family belongs to the noble knights of the Slepowron ( ancient nobility ), one of the oldest family of the Duchy of Mazovia. The noble family Gutowski of Guty was settled in Prussia ( 1505 ), Russia ( 1657 ), Austria ( 1783 ) and still exists today. To this generation belongs the old Prussian noble family von Drygalski (von Drigalski) - a line from the Gutowskis, after the acquisition of villages Drygallen, Schlaga and Wirsbinnen / district Lyck in East Prussia in 1505 changed its name to von Drygalski. Also the Rhau von Gutowski of Prussia belonged to this generation, the male line is extinct since 1919.", "id": 17, "diff": 596, "label": 1}
{"title": "Southeast Asian coral reefs", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Southeast Asian coral reefs have the highest levels of biodiversity for the world's marine ecosystems. They serve many functions, such as forming the of livelihood for subsistence fishermen and even function as jewelry and construction materials. Coral reefs are developed by the carbonate-based skeletons of a variety of animals and algae. Slowly and overtime, the reefs build up to the surface in oceans. Coral reefs are found in shallow, warm salt water. The sunlight filters through clear water and allows microscopic organisms to live and reproduce. The Indian Ocean holds 60% of the world's coastal reefs, 25% are in the Pacific and 15% are in the western Atlantic. There are coral reefs in the Persian Gulf, Madagascar, the Philippines, Hawaiian Islands and off Southeast Asia. Coral reefs have been preserved and identified in rocks over 400 million years old. Coral reefs are actually composed of tiny, fragile animals known as coral polyps. Coral reefs are significantly important because of the biodiversity. Although the number of fish are decreasing, the remaining coral reefs contain more unique sea creatures. The variety of species living on a coral reef is greater than anywhere else in the world. An estimation of 70-90% of fish caught are dependent on coral reefs in Southeast Asia and reefs support over 25% of all known marine species. However, those sensitive coral reefs are facing detrimental effects on them due to variety of factors: overfishing, sedimentation and pollution, bleaching, and even tourist-related damage. Ohandley, Cassie. \"Anthropogenic Effects on Coral Reefs\" June 11, 2003", "id": 34, "diff": 1136, "label": 1}
{"title": "Atkinson Academy", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Atkinson Academy is a public elementary school located in Atkinson, New Hampshire. It is a part of the Timberlane Regional School District. It is the oldest standing co-educational school in the United States. The unincorporated and uninhabited township of Atkinson and Gilmanton Academy Grant in northern New Hampshire is named in part for the academy, to which it was originally granted.", "id": 38, "diff": 186, "label": 1}
{"title": "Mondelez International", "date": "2025-08-03", "input": "Mondelez International, Inc. is an American multinational confectionery, food, holding, beverage and snack food company based in Chicago. Mondelez has an annual revenue of about $26.5 billion and operates in approximately 160 countries. It ranked No. 108 in the 2021 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. The company had its origins as Kraft Foods Inc., which was founded in Chicago in 1923. The present enterprise was established in 2012 when Kraft Foods was renamed Mondelez and retained its snack food business, while its North American grocery business was spun off to a new company called Kraft Foods Group, which 3 years later merged with Heinz to form Kraft Heinz. The name Mondelez is derived from the Latin word (\"world\") and delez, a fanciful modification of the word \"delicious.\" Mondelez manufactures chocolate, cookies, biscuits, gum, confectionery, and powdered beverages. Mondelez International's portfolio includes several billion-dollar components, among them cookie, cracker, and candy brands TUC, Nabisco (manufacturers of Belvita, Chips Ahoy!, Oreo, Ritz, Triscuit, Wheat Thins, etc.), LU, Sour Patch Kids, Barny, and Peek Freans; chocolate brands Milka, Cote d'Or, Toblerone, Cadbury, Green & Black's, Freia, Marabou, and Fry's; gum and cough drop brands Trident, Dentyne, Chiclets, Halls, and Stride; as well as Tate's Bake Shop cookies and powdered beverage brand Tang. Mondelez Canada holds the rights to Christie Brown and Company, which consists of brands such as Mr. Christie, Triscuits, and Dad's Cookies. Its head office is in Toronto, Ontario, with operations in Brampton and Hamilton, Ontario and Montreal, Quebec.", "id": 0, "diff": 957, "label": 0}
{"title": "Akim Abuakwa North (Ghana parliament constituency)", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Samuel Kwadwo Amoako is the member of parliament for the constituency. He was elected on the ticket of the New Patriotic Party (NPP) and won a majority of 5,046 votesMPs elected in the Ghanaian parliamentary election, 2008 to become the MP. He succeeded Joseph Boakye Danquah Adu who had represented the constituency in the 4th Republic parliament on the ticket of the New Patriotic Party (NPP). .", "id": 11, "diff": 287, "label": 1}
{"title": "Pac-12 Conference Women's Basketball Player of the Year", "date": "2025-07-20", "input": "The Pac-12 Conference Women's Basketball Player of the Year is a dormant basketball award given to the Pac-12 Conference's most outstanding player. The award was first given following the 1986-87 season, the first year in which the league then known as the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) officially sponsored women's sports. Two bodies voted for players of the year. The league's head coaches selected a winner since the award's inception, while media members who cover Pac-12 women's basketball presented their own version of the award in the 2009-10 season. As is the case with the corresponding men's award, coaches were not allowed to vote for their own players. Ten players have won the award more than once, but only two, Candice Wiggins of Stanford and Sabrina Ionescu of Oregon, have won three times, and only Ionescu has won all three awards consecutively. Six players have won a major end-of-season national award in the year that they won the conference award. Four of them are from Stanford: Jennifer Azzi claimed the Naismith Award and Wade Trophy in 1990; Kate Starbird won the Naismith Award in 1997; Wiggins received the Wade Trophy in 2008; and Chiney Ogwumike won the Wooden Award in 2014. The others are Kelsey Plum of Washington, who won all three major awards in 2017, and Ionescu, who received the Wade Trophy and Wooden Award in 2019 and all three major awards in 2020. There have been four shared awards. Starbird and Tanja Kostic of Oregon State tied for the coaches' award in 1996. In 2015, Reshanda", "id": 1, "diff": 1238, "label": 0}
{"title": "Monoid", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "In abstract algebra, a branch of mathematics, a monoid is an algebraic structure with a single associative binary operation and an identity element. Monoids are studied in semigroup theory as they are semigroups with identity. Monoids occur in several branches of mathematics; for instance, they can be regarded as categories with a single object. Thus, they capture the idea of function composition within a set. In fact, all functions from a set into itself form naturally a monoid with respect to function composition. Monoids are also commonly used in computer science, both in its foundational aspects and in practical programming. The set of strings built from a given set of characters is a free monoid. The transition monoid and syntactic monoid are used in describing finite state machines, whereas trace monoids and history monoids provide a foundation for process calculi and concurrent computing. Some of the more important results in the study of monoids are the Krohn-Rhodes theorem and the star height problem. The history of monoids, as well as a discussion of additional general properties, are found in the article on semigroups.", "id": 7, "diff": 583, "label": 1}
{"title": "Laura Vickerson", "date": "2025-04-16", "input": "Laura Vickerson (born 1959 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian artist who works with mixed media in site-specific situations. She often includes discarded household items in her projects as a comment on changing trends, consumerism and human relationships with everyday objects. Vickerson was a professor in Craft and Emerging Media at the Alberta College of Art and Design, where she taught starting in 1989. Vikerson retired in 2020 and is now a Professor Emeritus.", "id": 27, "diff": 292, "label": 0}
{"title": "Zapata Swamp", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Zapata Swamp is located on the Zapata Peninsula in the southern Matanzas province of Cuba. It is located less than southeast of Havana. Cienaga de Zapata represents also a municipality, the largest one of Cuba with 4,162 km2.", "id": 37, "diff": 110, "label": 1}
{"title": "WFMJ-TV", "date": "2025-07-21", "input": "WFMJ-TV (channel 21) is a television station in Youngstown, Ohio, United States, affiliated with NBC and The CW. The station is locally owned by the Maag family. WFMJ-TV's studios are located on West Boardman Street in downtown Youngstown, and its transmitter is based in the city's Lansingville neighborhood. From its inception until 2019, the station was owned by the Vindicator Printing Company, former publisher of Youngstown's lone newspaper, The Vindicator. On September 1, 2019; the Maags sold The Vindicator to Ogden Newspapers, which now operates it as an edition of the Tribune Chronicle in Warren. The Maags retained WFMJ-TV.", "id": 5, "diff": 526, "label": 0}
{"title": "Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1990", "date": "2025-04-28", "input": "Norway was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1990 with the song \"\", written and performed by Ketil Stokkan. The Norwegian participating broadcaster, (NRK), selected its entry through the 1990. Stokkan had previously represented .", "id": 22, "diff": 182, "label": 0}
{"title": "Physalaemus erikae", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Physalaemus erikae is a species of frog in the Leptodactylidae family. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, intermittent freshwater marshes, pastureland, and plantations . It is threatened by habitat loss.", "id": 23, "diff": 165, "label": 1}
{"title": "Shekhar Sen", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Shekhar Sen is a singer, music composer, lyricist and actor. He is famous for his monoact musical plays \"Tulsi\", \"Kabeer\", \"Vivekanand\", \"Saahab\" & \"Soordas\" . Those are researched, written, composed, enacted and directed by him.", "id": 47, "diff": 116, "label": 1}
{"title": "Rock Eisteddfod Challenge", "date": "2025-05-26", "input": "The Rock Eisteddfod Challenge, also known as the Australian Rock Eisteddfod Challenge, was an Australian dance and drama challenge for government-funded high schools that was active between 1980 and 2012. Initiated by the Rock Eisteddfod Challenge Foundation as part of the Global Rock Challenge, the aim of the event was to promote healthy lifestyle choices, particularly abstinence from drugs, alcohol and cigarettes. The event started in Sydney, New South Wales in 1980 and subsequently spread to other States and territories of Australia and a small number of other countries. In 2004 an event for primary school students was started, called J Rock, to raise awareness about obesity and other eating disorders by promoting dance as a fun way to exercise. On 9 February 2010 it was announced that due to lack of funding, the Rock Eisteddfod Challenge would not take place in 2010. The event was subsequently revised, however ceased permanently following the 2012 event. On 30 June 2013 the Rock Eisteddfod Challenge Foundation voluntarily revoked its accreditation as a registered charity with the Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission. In 2013, the Government of Victoria supported the establishment of the Wakakirri School Challenge as a replacement of the Rock Eisteddfod Challenge for Victorian primary and high schools.", "id": 31, "diff": 882, "label": 0}
{"title": "Renton, Washington", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "Renton is a city in King County, Washington, United States. Situated southeast of downtown Seattle, Washington, Renton straddles the southeast shore of Lake Washington, at the mouth of the Cedar River. While long an important salmon fishing area for Native Americans, Renton was first settled by people of European descent in the 1860s, and its early economy was based on coal mining, clay production, and timber export. Today, Renton is best known as the final assembly point for the Boeing 737 family of commercial airplanes, but it is also home to a growing number of well known manufacturing, technology, and service companies, including Boeing, Paccar, GEICO, Parallels, Inc., Providence Health & Services, and Wizards of the Coast. As of 2016, the population in Renton is 101,300, up from 90,927 at the 2010 census. Renton currently contains the 8th largest population in the state, and is the 4th largest in King County. The National Football League's Seattle Seahawks have a training facility in Renton. It is the second-largest facility in the NFL at .", "id": 25, "diff": 646, "label": 1}
{"title": "Bias of an estimator", "date": "2016-12-31", "input": "In statistics, the bias (or bias function) of an estimator is the difference between this estimator's expected value and the true value of the parameter being estimated. An estimator or decision rule with zero bias is called unbiased. Otherwise the estimator is said to be biased. In statistics, \"bias\" is an objective statement about a function, and while not a desired property, it is not pejorative, unlike the ordinary English use of the term \"bias\". Bias can also be measured with respect to the median, rather than the mean (expected value), in which case one distinguishes median-unbiased from the usual mean-unbiasedness property. Bias is related to consistency in that consistent estimators are convergent and asymptotically unbiased (hence converge to the correct value), though individual estimators in a consistent sequence may be biased (so long as the bias converges to zero); see bias versus consistency. All else equal, an unbiased estimator is preferable to a biased estimator, but in practice all else is not equal, and biased estimators are frequently used, generally with small bias. When a biased estimator is used, the bias is also estimated. A biased estimator may be used for various reasons: because an unbiased estimator does not exist without further assumptions about a population or is difficult to compute (as in unbiased estimation of standard deviation); because an estimator is median-unbiased but not mean-unbiased (or the reverse); because a biased estimator reduces some loss function (particularly mean squared error) compared with unbiased estimators (notably in shrinkage estimators); or because in some cases being", "id": 15, "diff": 1068, "label": 1}
{"title": "Arkansas Highway 156", "date": "2025-03-31", "input": "Highway 156 (AR 156, Ark. 156, and Hwy. 156) is a designation for three east-west state highways in Washington County, Arkansas. The first segment was created in 1937, with two more created in 1973. All are minor state highways established to provide system connectivity and are maintained by the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ArDOT). Former segments of Highway 156 in eastern Washington County and Prairie Grove were deleted in 1981 and 2007, respectively.", "id": 19, "diff": 260, "label": 0}